Cannabis Freedom Index

Changelog 778a791

datasets

22 history entries added1718 history entries edited291 country profiles edited19 articles written1 article edited6 datasets updated66 files of code, design or docs +17,772 −5,200 lines

History changes.yaml

Added 22

Edited 1718

Italy's Constitutional Court blocks a referendum to free cannabis from the drug law

category

otherdebate

title

Italy's Constitutional Court blocks a cannabis liberalisation referendum to free cannabis from the drug law

description

Judgment 30/1981 declared inadmissibleCampaigners had gathered more than 500,000 signatures for a proposed referendum that would removehave taken cannabis and THC from partsout of theItaly's 1975 drug-control framework and lift law, freeing its cannabis cultivation prohibition. The Court held that withdrawing controls over cultivation, trade, possession and use would breach. The Constitutional Court refused to let the vote go ahead. Italy's obligations under had ratified the 1961 Single Convention without reservations, and its amending protocol. It extended the constitutional referendum exclusion to provisions closely connected withcourt said repealing these rules would break that treaty implementation. The, a decision preserved existing controls by preventing this particular referendum from proceedingthe Constitution leaves to parliament rather than voters. It was decided on 12 February and depositedTreaty obligations were again among the following dayreasons a cannabis referendum was blocked in 2022.

related

italy-cannabis-referendum-validation-1980, italy-modest-quantity-1975, italy-referendum-blocked-2022

sources

Gazzetta Ufficiale — Constitutional Court Judgment 30/1981, full original decision 1 unchanged

tags

court, referendum, campaign

Italian hemp farmers seeking EU aid must report their crop to the police

category

otherhemp

title

Italy clarifies fibre-Italian hemp farmers seeking EU aid conditions andmust report their crop to the police notification

description

TheAn agriculture ministry's circular explained the revised European support systemnew EU subsidy for fibre hemp. Area payments requiredTo be paid, farmers had to sow certified seed of listed varieties with no more than 0.2 percent% THC and certified seed from the referenced EU list, withaccept THC testing under, and tell the prescribed method. Farmers seeking the support had to notify the nearest police or carabinieri station of their cannabisabout the crop so checksit could be carried outchecked. The circular replaced earlierguidance from 1997 and 1999 guidance. These were agricultural aid and control conditions, rather than a general recreational-cultivation permission. The date is the circular's issue date.

tags

hemp

Italy's top court keeps punishing users with more than a "modest quantity" like dealers

title

Italy's Constitutional Court upholds penalties for cannabis beyondtop court keeps punishing users with more than a "modest quantity" like dealers

description

In judgment 170/1982Several Italian courts challenged the 1975 drug law, filed on 26 October after decision on 19 October,and the Constitutional Court rejected equality challenges to punishment for possessingthem all. Anyone holding more than a "modest quantity" still faced the same penalties as a dealer, even if the drugs were for personaltheir own use, including cannabis. It also upheldbecause the exclusion ofcourt said a stock could always be sold on. Importing even a small imports from the modest-quantity exceptionamount was still punished like a large import. A challengeThe court refused to treat cannabis more leniently than other drugs, pointing to the undefined quantity term was inadmissible because the referring courttreaties Italy had not specifiedsigned, and a challenge to the requested outcomevague term "modest quantity" failed on procedure, so how much counted stayed undefined. The judgment preserved the existing law rather than imposing a new ban.

sources

Consulta OnLine — complete reproduction of Constitutional Court Judgment 170/1982 1 unchanged

tags

court, thresholds

Italy's Constitutional Court again refuses to spare small imports for personal use

title

Italy's Constitutional Court again rejects extending the modest-quantity exceptionrefuses to personalspare small imports for personal use

description

In order 148/1988, filed on 2 February after decision on 27 January, the Constitutional Court rejected aA Milan court's challenge seeking to extend the modest-quantity asked again whether bringing a small amount of drugs into Italy for personal -use exception to drug importationcould be treated like holding a modest quantity, which was not punished. It relied on judgment 170/The Constitutional Court dismissed the question as clearly unfounded: it had already answered it in 1982 and later confirming orders, findingand the Milan court offered no new arguments. This left the import restriction in place rather than creatingImporting any amount stayed a new cannabis-specific offencecrime.

tags

court, trade, thresholds

Italy's highest criminal court rules that growing cannabis for yourself is a crime

title

Italy's unitedhighest criminal sections reject a personal-use exceptioncourt rules that growing cannabis for home cultivationyourself is a crime

description

Judgment 28605/2008, decided on 24 April and filed on 10 July, resolved conflicting case law by treating unauthorised cultivation as criminal even when intendedA grower in Lombardy had been convicted for personal consumptionseven cannabis plants. TheLower courts disagreed on whether growing for your own use was a crime, and the Court of Cassation's united sections rejected a distinction between domesticsettled it: any unauthorised growing was, however small and commercial cultivationwhatever the purpose, and dismissed an appeal concerning seven cannabis plantsthe conviction stood. Judges still had to assess concrete harmfulness:Only plants unable to yield a substancethat could not produce anything with a detectable narcoticnoticeable drug effect could fallfell outside the offence. This records the 2008 interpretation, before later case lawLater rulings changed itthis, and in 2019 the court accepted minimal home growing.

tags

court, home-growing

and 1518 more

Countries and states 291 files

Andorra countries/ad.yaml

population › 1900

4522

population › 1910

4855

population › 1920

5637

population › 1930

4885

population › 1940

5337

population › 1950

6018

population › 1960

9532

population › 1970

19999

population › 1980

35802

population › 1990

52616

population › 2000

65703

population › 2010

80727

population › 2020

77397

population › 2025

82904

cannabis use › prevalence

14.6

cannabis use › year

2008

cannabis use › users

8700

United Arab Emirates countries/ae.yaml

population › 1900

48933

population › 1910

52215

population › 1920

56883

population › 1930

61903

population › 1940

67365

population › 1950

74532

population › 1960

131348

population › 1970

286553

population › 1980

1015711

population › 1990

1898220

population › 2000

3493583

population › 2010

6938372

population › 2020

9448529

population › 2025

11513149

cannabis use › prevalence

5.4

cannabis use › year

2006

cannabis use › users

510000

Afghanistan countries/af.yaml

population › 1900

4707744

population › 1910

5504191

population › 1920

10188845

population › 1930

6626142

population › 1940

6468510

population › 1950

7776180

population › 1960

9035048

population › 1970

11290134

population › 1980

13169313

population › 1990

12045664

population › 2000

20130334

population › 2010

28284088

population › 2020

39068977

population › 2025

43844111

cannabis use › prevalence

3.81

cannabis use › year

2015

cannabis use › users

920000

Antigua and Barbuda countries/ag.yaml

population › 1900

34575

population › 1910

31659

population › 1920

29765

population › 1930

31089

population › 1940

40909

population › 1950

45462

population › 1960

55621

population › 1970

64549

population › 1980

64531

population › 1990

63087

population › 2000

74929

population › 2010

85337

population › 2020

91864

population › 2025

94209

cannabis use › prevalence

10.6

cannabis use › year

2005

cannabis use › users

7000

Albania countries/al.yaml

population › 1900

805974

population › 1910

881057

population › 1920

941221

population › 1930

995454

population › 1940

1100833

population › 1950

1247854

population › 1960

1649393

population › 1970

2181226

population › 1980

2735424

population › 1990

3277965

population › 2000

3166147

population › 2010

2928731

population › 2020

2871950

population › 2025

2349580

cannabis use › prevalence

5.6

cannabis use › year

2014

cannabis use › users

87000

Armenia countries/am.yaml

population › 1900

863227

population › 1910

946846

population › 1920

1038218

population › 1930

1137524

population › 1940

1246328

population › 1950

1382896

population › 1960

1863710

population › 1970

2475628

population › 1980

3107418

population › 1990

3552130

population › 2000

3125630

population › 2010

2931083

population › 2020

2890893

population › 2025

3086700

cannabis use › prevalence

3.5

cannabis use › year

2003

cannabis use › users

72000

Angola countries/ao.yaml

population › 1900

3101503

population › 1910

2906100

population › 1920

2838595

population › 1930

3255737

population › 1940

3752594

population › 1950

4551869

population › 1960

5231664

population › 1970

5852790

population › 1980

8133867

population › 1990

11626361

population › 2000

16194873

population › 2010

23294822

population › 2020

33451139

population › 2025

39040039

cannabis use › prevalence

2.1

cannabis use › year

1999

cannabis use › users

430000

Argentina countries/ar.yaml

population › 1900

4685089

population › 1910

6748544

population › 1920

8818354

population › 1930

11726853

population › 1940

14078649

population › 1950

17018032

population › 1960

20386055

population › 1970

23878330

population › 1980

28011597

population › 1990

32755907

population › 2000

37213986

population › 2010

41288694

population › 2020

45191960

population › 2025

45851378

cannabis use › prevalence

8.13

cannabis use › year

2017

cannabis use › users

2500000

Austria countries/at.yaml

population › 1900

5979176

population › 1910

6571587

population › 1920

6486069

population › 1930

6679644

population › 1940

6725734

population › 1950

6936455

population › 1960

7047274

population › 1970

7466320

population › 1980

7548407

population › 1990

7679627

population › 2000

8012929

population › 2010

8365087

population › 2020

8921402

population › 2025

9208163

cannabis use › prevalence

6.3

cannabis use › year

2020

cannabis use › users

380000

Australian Capital Territory countries/au/act.yaml

use › share

8.7

use › ages

14+

use › year

2022–2023

use › source › title

AIHW — National Drug Strategy Household Survey 2022–2023, data tables 9b (States and Territories), Table 9b.35 (recent use of cannabis)

use › source › url

https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/illicit-use-of-drugs/national-drug-strategy-household-survey-2022-2023/data

Australia countries/au/index.yaml

population › 1900

3693331

population › 1910

4329018

population › 1920

5274343

population › 1930

6332771

population › 1940

6967916

population › 1950

8176751

population › 1960

10280815

population › 1970

12599414

population › 1980

14721345

population › 1990

17126304

population › 2000

19132472

population › 2010

22141583

population › 2020

25743787

population › 2025

27614411

cannabis use › prevalence

11.6

cannabis use › year

2019

cannabis use › users

2100000

New South Wales countries/au/nsw.yaml

use › share

11

use › ages

14+

use › year

2022–2023

use › source › title

AIHW — National Drug Strategy Household Survey 2022–2023, data tables 9b (States and Territories), Table 9b.35 (recent use of cannabis)

use › source › url

https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/illicit-use-of-drugs/national-drug-strategy-household-survey-2022-2023/data

Northern Territory countries/au/nt.yaml

use › share

18.9

use › ages

14+

use › year

2022–2023

use › source › title

AIHW — National Drug Strategy Household Survey 2022–2023, data tables 9b (States and Territories), Table 9b.35 (recent use of cannabis)

use › source › url

https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/illicit-use-of-drugs/national-drug-strategy-household-survey-2022-2023/data

Queensland countries/au/qld.yaml

use › share

13

use › ages

14+

use › year

2022–2023

use › source › title

AIHW — National Drug Strategy Household Survey 2022–2023, data tables 9b (States and Territories), Table 9b.35 (recent use of cannabis)

use › source › url

https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/illicit-use-of-drugs/national-drug-strategy-household-survey-2022-2023/data

South Australia countries/au/sa.yaml

use › share

11.1

use › ages

14+

use › year

2022–2023

use › source › title

AIHW — National Drug Strategy Household Survey 2022–2023, data tables 9b (States and Territories), Table 9b.35 (recent use of cannabis)

use › source › url

https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/illicit-use-of-drugs/national-drug-strategy-household-survey-2022-2023/data

Tasmania countries/au/tas.yaml

use › share

11.5

use › ages

14+

use › year

2022–2023

use › source › title

AIHW — National Drug Strategy Household Survey 2022–2023, data tables 9b (States and Territories), Table 9b.35 (recent use of cannabis)

use › source › url

https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/illicit-use-of-drugs/national-drug-strategy-household-survey-2022-2023/data

Victoria countries/au/vic.yaml

use › share

10.2

use › ages

14+

use › year

2022–2023

use › source › title

AIHW — National Drug Strategy Household Survey 2022–2023, data tables 9b (States and Territories), Table 9b.35 (recent use of cannabis)

use › source › url

https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/illicit-use-of-drugs/national-drug-strategy-household-survey-2022-2023/data

Western Australia countries/au/wa.yaml

use › share

13.3

use › ages

14+

use › year

2022–2023

use › source › title

AIHW — National Drug Strategy Household Survey 2022–2023, data tables 9b (States and Territories), Table 9b.35 (recent use of cannabis)

use › source › url

https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/illicit-use-of-drugs/national-drug-strategy-household-survey-2022-2023/data

Aruba countries/aw.yaml

population › 2025

108000

cannabis use › prevalence

4.98

cannabis use › estimate

true

cannabis use › users

3600

Azerbaijan countries/az.yaml

population › 1900

1938032

population › 1910

2147611

population › 1920

2371595

population › 1930

2598437

population › 1940

2846977

population › 1950

3131979

population › 1960

3982711

population › 1970

5183827

population › 1980

6284707

population › 1990

7231084

population › 2000

8174784

population › 2010

9146852

population › 2020

10181736

population › 2025

10246996

cannabis use › prevalence

3.5

cannabis use › year

2004

cannabis use › users

250000

Bosnia and Herzegovina countries/ba.yaml

population › 1900

1764005

population › 1910

1974663

population › 1920

2134369

population › 1930

2300619

population › 1940

2479819

population › 1950

2690407

population › 1960

3281387

population › 1970

3773248

population › 1980

4148427

population › 1990

4448658

population › 2000

4159785

population › 2010

3811480

population › 2020

3299352

population › 2025

3140095

cannabis use › prevalence

1.6

cannabis use › year

2011

cannabis use › users

32000

Barbados countries/bb.yaml

population › 1900

193451

population › 1910

172186

population › 1920

158593

population › 1930

173809

population › 1940

193407

population › 1950

209928

population › 1960

230901

population › 1970

249398

population › 1980

251533

population › 1990

258583

population › 2000

262071

population › 2010

275251

population › 2020

281706

population › 2025

282623

cannabis use › prevalence

8.3

cannabis use › year

2006

cannabis use › users

15000

Bangladesh countries/bd.yaml

population › 1900

26849595

population › 1910

27913022

population › 1920

28623503

population › 1930

30077163

population › 1940

36071677

population › 1950

41206857

population › 1960

51828663

population › 1970

69058898

population › 1980

88016435

population › 1990

111633722

population › 2000

134544303

population › 2010

152201978

population › 2020

166298024

population › 2025

175686899

cannabis use › prevalence

3.3

cannabis use › year

2004

cannabis use › users

3800000

Belgium countries/be.yaml

population › 1900

6705987

population › 1910

7427418

population › 1920

7551028

population › 1930

8029570

population › 1940

8315772

population › 1950

8617442

population › 1960

9102172

population › 1970

9630508

population › 1980

9833093

population › 1990

9960968

population › 2000

10251719

population › 2010

10936619

population › 2020

11540102

population › 2025

11941781

cannabis use › prevalence

7

cannabis use › year

2020

cannabis use › users

530000

Burkina Faso countries/bf.yaml

population › 1900

2299307

population › 1910

2573061

population › 1920

2816241

population › 1930

3193275

population › 1940

3608646

population › 1950

4213152

population › 1960

4778626

population › 1970

5610307

population › 1980

6947900

population › 1990

9159358

population › 2000

11925548

population › 2010

16176503

population › 2020

21478691

population › 2025

24074580

cannabis use › prevalence

2.9

cannabis use › year

2006

cannabis use › users

390000

Bulgaria countries/bg.yaml

population › 1900

3956269

population › 1910

4467209

population › 1920

5025707

population › 1930

5925817

population › 1940

6575077

population › 1950

7248509

population › 1960

7862935

population › 1970

8490822

population › 1980

8859539

population › 1990

8822366

population › 2000

8000519

population › 2010

7437594

population › 2020

6933656

population › 2025

6433302

cannabis use › prevalence

2.4

cannabis use › year

2020

cannabis use › users

98000

Bahrain countries/bh.yaml

population › 1900

77042

population › 1910

83407

population › 1920

117143

population › 1930

119805

population › 1940

119490

population › 1950

117275

population › 1960

165490

population › 1970

224817

population › 1980

358990

population › 1990

514799

population › 2000

669589

population › 2010

1213248

population › 2020

1483081

population › 2025

1600366

cannabis use › prevalence

1.9

cannabis use › estimate

true

cannabis use › users

24000

Burundi countries/bi.yaml

population › 1900

1627830

population › 1910

1488732

population › 1920

1429644

population › 1930

1639735

population › 1940

1889974

population › 1950

2254942

population › 1960

2764265

population › 1970

3530431

population › 1980

4383713

population › 1990

5587051

population › 2000

6470196

population › 2010

9376448

population › 2020

12617041

population › 2025

14390003

cannabis use › prevalence

3.1

cannabis use › estimate

true

cannabis use › users

240000

Benin countries/bj.yaml

population › 1900

1187522

population › 1910

1306722

population › 1920

1429764

population › 1930

1650885

population › 1940

1902827

population › 1950

2250476

population › 1960

2517289

population › 1970

3065061

population › 1980

3925258

population › 1990

5281482

population › 2000

7221618

population › 2010

9797488

population › 2020

13070169

population › 2025

14814460

cannabis use › prevalence

3.1

cannabis use › estimate

true

cannabis use › users

260000

Bermuda countries/bm.yaml

population › 2024

64636

cannabis use › prevalence

4.98

cannabis use › estimate

true

cannabis use › users

2100

Brunei countries/bn.yaml

population › 1900

16978

population › 1910

23145

population › 1920

26970

population › 1930

31492

population › 1940

42042

population › 1950

48316

population › 1960

88359

population › 1970

135157

population › 1980

186121

population › 1990

255307

population › 2000

326429

population › 2010

392340

population › 2020

447411

population › 2025

466330

cannabis use › prevalence

0.02

cannabis use › year

1996

cannabis use › users

67

Bolivia countries/bo.yaml

population › 1900

1813429

population › 1910

2017450

population › 1920

2354214

population › 1930

2647402

population › 1940

2955228

population › 1950

3089975

population › 1960

3702323

population › 1970

4590008

population › 1980

5758905

population › 1990

7130143

population › 2000

8606330

population › 2010

10182345

population › 2020

11816301

population › 2025

12581843

cannabis use › prevalence

2.19

cannabis use › year

2018

cannabis use › users

180000

Brazil countries/br.yaml

population › 1900

18058538

population › 1910

22361184

population › 1920

27593186

population › 1930

33813213

population › 1940

41568218

population › 1950

53408551

population › 1960

72388124

population › 1970

95375656

population › 1980

121207451

population › 1990

149143223

population › 2000

174018278

population › 2010

193701931

population › 2020

208660845

population › 2025

212812405

cannabis use › prevalence

2.81

cannabis use › year

2012

cannabis use › users

4100000

Bahamas countries/bs.yaml

population › 1900

58828

population › 1910

62021

population › 1920

60371

population › 1930

67687

population › 1940

77209

population › 1950

83505

population › 1960

116328

population › 1970

184995

population › 1980

232540

population › 1990

275954

population › 2000

323846

population › 2010

367482

population › 2020

395874

population › 2025

403033

cannabis use › prevalence

3.1

cannabis use › year

2017

cannabis use › users

8800

Bhutan countries/bt.yaml

population › 1900

269139

population › 1910

257966

population › 1920

258029

population › 1930

258029

population › 1940

251726

population › 1950

169991

population › 1960

224098

population › 1970

308536

population › 1980

433412

population › 1990

589295

population › 2000

596871

population › 2010

701638

population › 2020

770013

population › 2025

796682

cannabis use › prevalence

4.2

cannabis use › year

2009

cannabis use › users

24000

Botswana countries/bw.yaml

population › 1900

165725

population › 1910

194195

population › 1920

227317

population › 1930

278852

population › 1940

340490

population › 1950

413708

population › 1960

516174

population › 1970

590338

population › 1980

937493

population › 1990

1305699

population › 2000

1677384

population › 2010

2033110

population › 2020

2365895

population › 2025

2562122

cannabis use › prevalence

3.1

cannabis use › estimate

true

cannabis use › users

51000

Belarus countries/by.yaml

population › 1900

4986216

population › 1910

5483965

population › 1920

6024473

population › 1930

6600712

population › 1940

7232068

population › 1950

7127595

population › 1960

8208003

population › 1970

9014901

population › 1980

9603173

population › 1990

10186258

population › 2000

9991310

population › 2010

9490752

population › 2020

9350943

population › 2025

9085991

cannabis use › prevalence

1.1

cannabis use › year

2007

cannabis use › users

66000

Belize countries/bz.yaml

population › 1900

37771

population › 1910

41386

population › 1920

46640

population › 1930

52902

population › 1940

60990

population › 1950

69085

population › 1960

91330

population › 1970

120746

population › 1980

145072

population › 1990

183090

population › 2000

240809

population › 2010

320256

population › 2020

390819

population › 2025

422924

cannabis use › prevalence

12.7

cannabis use › year

2019

cannabis use › users

37000

Alberta countries/ca/ab.yaml

use › note

Non-medical use.

use › share

29.1

use › ages

16+

use › year

2024

use › users

990000

use › source › title

Health Canada — Canadian Cannabis Survey 2024, results tables, Table 7 (past 12-month non-medical use by province/territory)

use › source › url

https://epe.bac-lac.gc.ca/100/200/301/pwgsc-tpsgc/por-ef/health/2024/128-23-e/128-23-CCS-2024-Results-Tables_EN.csv

British Columbia countries/ca/bc.yaml

use › note

Non-medical use.

use › share

28.3

use › ages

16+

use › year

2024

use › users

1198000

use › source › title

Health Canada — Canadian Cannabis Survey 2024, results tables, Table 7 (past 12-month non-medical use by province/territory)

use › source › url

https://epe.bac-lac.gc.ca/100/200/301/pwgsc-tpsgc/por-ef/health/2024/128-23-e/128-23-CCS-2024-Results-Tables_EN.csv

Canada countries/ca/index.yaml

population › 1900

5414425

population › 1910

7002961

population › 1920

8571309

population › 1930

10191122

population › 1940

11453308

population › 1950

13741740

population › 1960

17898793

population › 1970

21440022

population › 1980

24533779

population › 1990

27789437

population › 2000

30891800

population › 2010

34196900

population › 2020

38171903

population › 2025

41651653

cannabis use › prevalence

27

cannabis use › year

2022

cannabis use › users

7300000

Manitoba countries/ca/mb.yaml

use › note

Non-medical use.

use › share

26.9

use › ages

16+

use › year

2024

use › users

289000

use › source › title

Health Canada — Canadian Cannabis Survey 2024, results tables, Table 7 (past 12-month non-medical use by province/territory)

use › source › url

https://epe.bac-lac.gc.ca/100/200/301/pwgsc-tpsgc/por-ef/health/2024/128-23-e/128-23-CCS-2024-Results-Tables_EN.csv

New Brunswick countries/ca/nb.yaml

use › note

Non-medical use.

use › share

28.8

use › ages

16+

use › year

2024

use › users

189000

use › source › title

Health Canada — Canadian Cannabis Survey 2024, results tables, Table 7 (past 12-month non-medical use by province/territory)

use › source › url

https://epe.bac-lac.gc.ca/100/200/301/pwgsc-tpsgc/por-ef/health/2024/128-23-e/128-23-CCS-2024-Results-Tables_EN.csv

Newfoundland and Labrador countries/ca/nl.yaml

use › note

Non-medical use.

use › share

29.6

use › ages

16+

use › year

2024

use › users

129000

use › source › title

Health Canada — Canadian Cannabis Survey 2024, results tables, Table 7 (past 12-month non-medical use by province/territory)

use › source › url

https://epe.bac-lac.gc.ca/100/200/301/pwgsc-tpsgc/por-ef/health/2024/128-23-e/128-23-CCS-2024-Results-Tables_EN.csv

Nova Scotia countries/ca/ns.yaml

use › note

Non-medical use.

use › share

28.6

use › ages

16+

use › year

2024

use › users

235000

use › source › title

Health Canada — Canadian Cannabis Survey 2024, results tables, Table 7 (past 12-month non-medical use by province/territory)

use › source › url

https://epe.bac-lac.gc.ca/100/200/301/pwgsc-tpsgc/por-ef/health/2024/128-23-e/128-23-CCS-2024-Results-Tables_EN.csv

Northwest Territories countries/ca/nt.yaml

use › note

Non-medical use; the survey publishes Yukon, the Northwest Territories and Nunavut as one figure.

use › share

34.2

use › ages

16+

use › year

2024

use › source › title

Health Canada — Canadian Cannabis Survey 2024, results tables, Table 7 (past 12-month non-medical use by province/territory)

use › source › url

https://epe.bac-lac.gc.ca/100/200/301/pwgsc-tpsgc/por-ef/health/2024/128-23-e/128-23-CCS-2024-Results-Tables_EN.csv

Nunavut countries/ca/nu.yaml

use › note

Non-medical use; the survey publishes Yukon, the Northwest Territories and Nunavut as one figure.

use › share

34.2

use › ages

16+

use › year

2024

use › source › title

Health Canada — Canadian Cannabis Survey 2024, results tables, Table 7 (past 12-month non-medical use by province/territory)

use › source › url

https://epe.bac-lac.gc.ca/100/200/301/pwgsc-tpsgc/por-ef/health/2024/128-23-e/128-23-CCS-2024-Results-Tables_EN.csv

Ontario countries/ca/on.yaml

use › note

Non-medical use.

use › share

27.6

use › ages

16+

use › year

2024

use › users

3260000

use › source › title

Health Canada — Canadian Cannabis Survey 2024, results tables, Table 7 (past 12-month non-medical use by province/territory)

use › source › url

https://epe.bac-lac.gc.ca/100/200/301/pwgsc-tpsgc/por-ef/health/2024/128-23-e/128-23-CCS-2024-Results-Tables_EN.csv

Prince Edward Island countries/ca/pe.yaml

use › note

Non-medical use.

use › share

28.6

use › ages

16+

use › year

2024

use › users

37000

use › source › title

Health Canada — Canadian Cannabis Survey 2024, results tables, Table 7 (past 12-month non-medical use by province/territory)

use › source › url

https://epe.bac-lac.gc.ca/100/200/301/pwgsc-tpsgc/por-ef/health/2024/128-23-e/128-23-CCS-2024-Results-Tables_EN.csv

Quebec countries/ca/qc.yaml

use › note

Non-medical use.

use › share

18.2

use › ages

16+

use › year

2024

use › users

1278000

use › source › title

Health Canada — Canadian Cannabis Survey 2024, results tables, Table 7 (past 12-month non-medical use by province/territory)

use › source › url

https://epe.bac-lac.gc.ca/100/200/301/pwgsc-tpsgc/por-ef/health/2024/128-23-e/128-23-CCS-2024-Results-Tables_EN.csv

Saskatchewan countries/ca/sk.yaml

use › note

Non-medical use.

use › share

25.2

use › ages

16+

use › year

2024

use › users

226000

use › source › title

Health Canada — Canadian Cannabis Survey 2024, results tables, Table 7 (past 12-month non-medical use by province/territory)

use › source › url

https://epe.bac-lac.gc.ca/100/200/301/pwgsc-tpsgc/por-ef/health/2024/128-23-e/128-23-CCS-2024-Results-Tables_EN.csv

Yukon countries/ca/yt.yaml

use › note

Non-medical use; the survey publishes Yukon, the Northwest Territories and Nunavut as one figure.

use › share

34.2

use › ages

16+

use › year

2024

use › source › title

Health Canada — Canadian Cannabis Survey 2024, results tables, Table 7 (past 12-month non-medical use by province/territory)

use › source › url

https://epe.bac-lac.gc.ca/100/200/301/pwgsc-tpsgc/por-ef/health/2024/128-23-e/128-23-CCS-2024-Results-Tables_EN.csv

DR Congo countries/cd.yaml

population › 1900

9451620

population › 1910

8599666

population › 1920

8182274

population › 1930

9220147

population › 1940

10442344

population › 1950

12294293

population › 1960

15264853

population › 1970

20137442

population › 1980

26711098

population › 1990

36684065

population › 2000

50507445

population › 2010

68563038

population › 2020

95990000

population › 2025

112832473

cannabis use › prevalence

3.1

cannabis use › estimate

true

cannabis use › users

1800000

Central African Republic countries/cf.yaml

population › 1900

1043751

population › 1910

997088

population › 1920

966611

population › 1930

1087592

population › 1940

1229063

population › 1950

1438062

population › 1960

1702346

population › 1970

2097513

population › 1980

2450537

population › 1990

2871915

population › 2000

3833421

population › 2010

4493003

population › 2020

5026629

population › 2025

5513282

cannabis use › prevalence

3.1

cannabis use › estimate

true

cannabis use › users

84000

Congo countries/cg.yaml

population › 1900

607115

population › 1910

554548

population › 1920

529118

population › 1930

606145

population › 1940

698649

population › 1950

835269

population › 1960

1056738

population › 1970

1397640

population › 1980

1828991

population › 1990

2380562

population › 2000

3151349

population › 2010

4462304

population › 2020

5752792

population › 2025

6484437

cannabis use › prevalence

3.1

cannabis use › estimate

true

cannabis use › users

110000

Switzerland countries/ch.yaml

population › 1900

3297641

population › 1910

3708897

population › 1920

3870407

population › 1930

4042131

population › 1940

4233223

population › 1950

4692642

population › 1960

5327777

population › 1970

6180922

population › 1980

6319848

population › 1990

6713168

population › 2000

7184003

population › 2010

7825750

population › 2020

8640582

population › 2025

9092436

cannabis use › prevalence

9.09

cannabis use › year

2016

cannabis use › users

530000

Côte d'Ivoire countries/ci.yaml

population › 1900

1505099

population › 1910

1588890

population › 1920

1707305

population › 1930

1969853

population › 1940

2270472

population › 1950

2735187

population › 1960

3673672

population › 1970

5411573

population › 1980

8220717

population › 1990

12189780

population › 2000

17699007

population › 2010

22488068

population › 2020

28915452

population › 2025

32711547

cannabis use › prevalence

3.24

cannabis use › year

2017

cannabis use › users

600000

Chile countries/cl.yaml

population › 1900

3144546

population › 1910

3569943

population › 1920

4044201

population › 1930

4638243

population › 1940

5492530

population › 1950

6628577

population › 1960

8153356

population › 1970

9845347

population › 1980

11508553

population › 1990

13437181

population › 2000

15503638

population › 2010

17181463

population › 2020

19370621

population › 2025

19859921

cannabis use › prevalence

12.05

cannabis use › year

2020

cannabis use › users

1600000

Cameroon countries/cm.yaml

population › 1900

3216679

population › 1910

2952166

population › 1920

2839117

population › 1930

3205602

population › 1940

3653142

population › 1950

4330088

population › 1960

5159059

population › 1970

6449795

population › 1980

8512217

population › 1990

11331827

population › 2000

14912632

population › 2010

19668063

population › 2020

26210566

population › 2025

29879337

cannabis use › prevalence

3.1

cannabis use › estimate

true

cannabis use › users

520000

China countries/cn.yaml

population › 1900

395929430

population › 1910

419058430

population › 1920

463330522

population › 1930

482831090

population › 1940

511303712

population › 1950

544044355

population › 1960

654802068

population › 1970

823308964

population › 1980

983163540

population › 1990

1153582725

population › 2000

1269581174

population › 2010

1351561505

population › 2020

1426106093

population › 2025

1406585000

cannabis use › prevalence

0.04

cannabis use › year

2015

cannabis use › users

390000

Colombia countries/co.yaml

population › 1900

4034733

population › 1910

4944811

population › 1920

6275946

population › 1930

7946343

population › 1940

9311615

population › 1950

11766991

population › 1960

15606209

population › 1970

20811790

population › 1980

26104503

population › 1990

32440064

population › 2000

39089939

population › 2010

44777325

population › 2020

50629997

population › 2025

53425635

cannabis use › prevalence

2.68

cannabis use › year

2019

cannabis use › users

1000000

Costa Rica countries/cr.yaml

population › 1900

317246

population › 1910

391337

population › 1920

459026

population › 1930

546929

population › 1940

681697

population › 1950

926761

population › 1960

1327501

population › 1970

1838946

population › 1980

2390641

population › 1990

3121707

population › 2000

3937737

population › 2010

4555965

population › 2020

5034323

population › 2025

5152950

cannabis use › prevalence

5.18

cannabis use › year

2015

cannabis use › users

180000

Cuba countries/cu.yaml

population › 1900

1719649

population › 1910

2275154

population › 1920

3069258

population › 1930

3923683

population › 1940

4707248

population › 1950

5924519

population › 1960

7238083

population › 1970

8824389

population › 1980

9804798

population › 1990

10631796

population › 2000

11109112

population › 2010

11297414

population › 2020

11176349

population › 2025

10937203

cannabis use › prevalence

6.1

cannabis use › estimate

true

cannabis use › users

450000

Cabo Verde countries/cv.yaml

population › 1900

151362

population › 1910

170646

population › 1920

158084

population › 1930

179789

population › 1940

217206

population › 1950

184986

population › 1960

210034

population › 1970

287895

population › 1980

323310

population › 1990

375437

population › 2000

453335

population › 2010

509793

population › 2020

514683

population › 2025

527326

cannabis use › prevalence

2.4

cannabis use › year

2012

cannabis use › users

8600

Curaçao countries/cw.yaml

population › 2025

156000

cannabis use › prevalence

4.98

cannabis use › estimate

true

cannabis use › users

5000

Cyprus countries/cy.yaml

population › 1900

236693

population › 1910

272882

population › 1920

309680

population › 1930

349917

population › 1940

444169

population › 1950

493883

population › 1960

586493

population › 1970

647443

population › 1980

683082

population › 1990

788355

population › 2000

947667

population › 2010

1127826

population › 2020

1302250

population › 2025

1370754

cannabis use › prevalence

4

cannabis use › year

2020

cannabis use › users

38000

Czechia countries/cz.yaml

population › 1900

9334000

population › 1910

10036000

population › 1920

9978000

population › 1930

10648000

population › 1940

11160000

population › 1950

8916715

population › 1960

9541605

population › 1970

9801253

population › 1980

10275404

population › 1990

10301989

population › 2000

10236809

population › 2010

10464035

population › 2020

10550129

population › 2025

10886878

cannabis use › prevalence

11.1

cannabis use › year

2020

cannabis use › users

770000

Germany countries/de.yaml

population › 1900

55775391

population › 1910

64056716

population › 1920

63273356

population › 1930

67246048

population › 1940

71740083

population › 1950

69847778

population › 1960

72811635

population › 1970

78205103

population › 1980

78315373

population › 1990

79707963

population › 2000

81797255

population › 2010

80830916

population › 2020

83628711

population › 2025

83491249

cannabis use › prevalence

7.1

cannabis use › year

2020

cannabis use › users

3700000

Djibouti countries/dj.yaml

population › 1900

42320

population › 1910

43547

population › 1920

44643

population › 1930

49022

population › 1940

53375

population › 1950

62349

population › 1960

86040

population › 1970

145188

population › 1980

325822

population › 1990

579544

population › 2000

747326

population › 2010

930252

population › 2020

1105193

population › 2025

1184076

cannabis use › prevalence

3.1

cannabis use › estimate

true

cannabis use › users

24000

Denmark countries/dk.yaml

population › 1900

2565333

population › 1910

2886076

population › 1920

3241362

population › 1930

3545296

population › 1940

3844754

population › 1950

4268408

population › 1960

4579347

population › 1970

4928674

population › 1980

5123079

population › 1990

5141024

population › 2000

5339659

population › 2010

5547865

population › 2020

5831529

population › 2025

6009169

cannabis use › prevalence

6.3

cannabis use › year

2020

cannabis use › users

240000

Dominica countries/dm.yaml

population › 1900

28518

population › 1910

32963

population › 1920

36060

population › 1930

41643

population › 1940

46479

population › 1950

50219

population › 1960

59386

population › 1970

68927

population › 1980

73102

population › 1990

69644

population › 2000

68527

population › 2010

68872

population › 2020

67588

population › 2025

65871

cannabis use › prevalence

10.8

cannabis use › year

2006

cannabis use › users

4900

Dominican Republic countries/do.yaml

population › 1900

521386

population › 1910

694364

population › 1920

896843

population › 1930

1267768

population › 1940

1702095

population › 1950

2379896

population › 1960

3268341

population › 1970

4399294

population › 1980

5729043

population › 1990

7151165

population › 2000

8584196

population › 2010

9820180

population › 2020

11008298

population › 2025

11520487

cannabis use › prevalence

0.68

cannabis use › year

2010

cannabis use › users

51000

Algeria countries/dz.yaml

population › 1900

4721802

population › 1910

5497750

population › 1920

5846192

population › 1930

6530132

population › 1940

7739370

population › 1950

9018423

population › 1960

11424930

population › 1970

13783722

population › 1980

18607175

population › 1990

25375815

population › 2000

30903894

population › 2010

36188237

population › 2020

44042094

population › 2025

47435312

cannabis use › prevalence

0.52

cannabis use › year

2010

cannabis use › users

160000

Ecuador countries/ec.yaml

population › 1900

1451333

population › 1910

1679429

population › 1920

1870163

population › 1930

2052817

population › 1940

2592696

population › 1950

3516791

population › 1960

4590893

population › 1970

6155392

population › 1980

8165882

population › 1990

10473674

population › 2000

12689215

population › 2010

15076697

population › 2020

17546058

population › 2025

18289896

cannabis use › prevalence

0.67

cannabis use › year

2013

cannabis use › users

83000

Estonia countries/ee.yaml

population › 1900

873409

population › 1910

984932

population › 1920

1105673

population › 1930

1121590

population › 1940

1118777

population › 1950

1102046

population › 1960

1220464

population › 1970

1361872

population › 1980

1476465

population › 1990

1570309

population › 2000

1397001

population › 2010

1331450

population › 2020

1329675

population › 2025

1366475

cannabis use › prevalence

6.6

cannabis use › year

2020

cannabis use › users

57000

Egypt countries/eg.yaml

population › 1900

9940289

population › 1910

11361079

population › 1920

12731391

population › 1930

14249967

population › 1940

16423191

population › 1950

21148168

population › 1960

26896480

population › 1970

34623990

population › 1980

43950413

population › 1990

58396625

population › 2000

73083287

population › 2010

89196073

population › 2020

109315118

population › 2025

118365995

cannabis use › prevalence

5.31

cannabis use › year

2016

cannabis use › users

4000000

Eritrea countries/er.yaml

population › 1900

571858

population › 1910

578010

population › 1920

591172

population › 1930

650705

population › 1940

708488

population › 1950

814880

population › 1960

972558

population › 1970

1243457

population › 1980

1605800

population › 1990

2032749

population › 2000

2247036

population › 2010

2945184

population › 2020

3291277

population › 2025

3607003

cannabis use › prevalence

3.1

cannabis use › estimate

true

cannabis use › users

65000

Spain countries/es.yaml

population › 1900

18592411

population › 1910

19859082

population › 1920

21275357

population › 1930

23440849

population › 1940

25747164

population › 1950

28077048

population › 1960

30404938

population › 1970

33812720

population › 1980

37537560

population › 1990

39084975

population › 2000

41019772

population › 2010

46840469

population › 2020

47679482

population › 2025

49355143

cannabis use › prevalence

10.5

cannabis use › year

2020

cannabis use › users

3400000

Ethiopia countries/et.yaml

population › 1900

17719308

population › 1910

17576370

population › 1920

17476313

population › 1930

17476313

population › 1940

17476313

population › 1950

17670418

population › 1960

21376688

population › 1970

27829135

population › 1980

34428515

population › 1990

47609760

population › 2000

67411496

population › 2010

90538518

population › 2020

118917670

population › 2025

135472051

cannabis use › prevalence

2.6

cannabis use › year

1999

cannabis use › users

2000000

Finland countries/fi.yaml

population › 1900

2641827

population › 1910

2919587

population › 1920

3134300

population › 1930

3439039

population › 1940

3695558

population › 1950

4008410

population › 1960

4429631

population › 1970

4606308

population › 1980

4779358

population › 1990

4986576

population › 2000

5176197

population › 2010

5363347

population › 2020

5529616

population › 2025

5646436

cannabis use › prevalence

8.2

cannabis use › year

2020

cannabis use › users

280000

Fiji countries/fj.yaml

population › 1900

126498

population › 1910

147045

population › 1920

167453

population › 1930

210278

population › 1940

272546

population › 1950

309525

population › 1960

404901

population › 1970

531198

population › 1980

641985

population › 1990

773325

population › 2000

840913

population › 2010

910427

population › 2020

914971

population › 2025

933154

cannabis use › prevalence

5.1

cannabis use › year

2004

cannabis use › users

32000

Micronesia countries/fm.yaml

population › 1900

24543

population › 1910

25839

population › 1920

27177

population › 1930

28519

population › 1940

29927

population › 1950

32128

population › 1960

43081

population › 1970

58943

population › 1980

77421

population › 1990

100904

population › 2000

112067

population › 2010

107559

population › 2020

110930

population › 2025

113683

cannabis use › prevalence

11.6

cannabis use › estimate

true

cannabis use › users

8200

Faroe Islands countries/fo.yaml

population › 2025

54684

cannabis use › prevalence

5.7

cannabis use › estimate

true

cannabis use › users

2000

France countries/fr.yaml

population › 1900

40019136

population › 1910

40344819

population › 1920

38529587

population › 1930

40618294

population › 1940

40337546

population › 1950

41883122

population › 1960

46428136

population › 1970

50813071

population › 1980

53941061

population › 1990

56990239

population › 2000

59483716

population › 2010

63417366

population › 2020

65905273

population › 2025

68720337

cannabis use › prevalence

11

cannabis use › year

2020

cannabis use › users

4600000

Gabon countries/ga.yaml

population › 1900

369735

population › 1910

336988

population › 1920

320664

population › 1930

360582

population › 1940

407486

population › 1950

472843

population › 1960

512324

population › 1970

595856

population › 1980

748395

population › 1990

983740

population › 2000

1275578

population › 2010

1719883

population › 2020

2322538

population › 2025

2593130

cannabis use › prevalence

3.1

cannabis use › estimate

true

cannabis use › users

48000

United Kingdom countries/gb.yaml

population › 1900

41089602

population › 1910

44723743

population › 1920

46564792

population › 1930

45980369

population › 1940

48108804

population › 1950

50121020

population › 1960

52538548

population › 1970

55663801

population › 1980

56282102

population › 1990

57367867

population › 2000

59057333

population › 2010

63006482

population › 2020

67351860

population › 2025

69487000

cannabis use › prevalence

7.1

cannabis use › year

2020

cannabis use › users

3100000

Grenada countries/gd.yaml

population › 1900

62362

population › 1910

66402

population › 1920

66457

population › 1930

78401

population › 1940

87959

population › 1950

77280

population › 1960

94074

population › 1970

98431

population › 1980

94554

population › 1990

99973

population › 2000

107466

population › 2010

111600

population › 2020

116353

population › 2025

117303

cannabis use › prevalence

10.8

cannabis use › year

2005

cannabis use › users

8700

Georgia countries/ge.yaml

population › 1900

2219948

population › 1910

2430789

population › 1920

2662145

population › 1930

2916778

population › 1940

3195768

population › 1950

3497447

population › 1960

4053800

population › 1970

4804060

population › 1980

5165546

population › 1990

5448865

population › 2000

4328361

population › 2010

3895932

population › 2020

3795680

population › 2025

3935766

cannabis use › prevalence

3.4

cannabis use › year

2015

cannabis use › users

85000

Guernsey countries/gg.yaml

population › 2023

64421

cannabis use › prevalence

5.7

cannabis use › estimate

true

cannabis use › users

2400

Ghana countries/gh.yaml

population › 1900

2717458

population › 1910

2945929

population › 1920

3173635

population › 1930

3664587

population › 1940

4223839

population › 1950

5080664

population › 1960

6961216

population › 1970

8925813

population › 1980

11941451

population › 1990

15394650

population › 2000

19637085

population › 2010

25475000

population › 2020

31887802

population › 2025

35064272

cannabis use › prevalence

21.5

cannabis use › year

1998

cannabis use › users

4600000

Gibraltar countries/gi.yaml

population › 2024

39329

cannabis use › prevalence

5.7

cannabis use › estimate

true

cannabis use › users

1500

Greenland countries/gl.yaml

population › 2025

56542

cannabis use › prevalence

30

cannabis use › year

2018

cannabis use › users

11400

Gambia countries/gm.yaml

population › 1900

167051

population › 1910

180090

population › 1920

193150

population › 1930

222853

population › 1940

256862

population › 1950

306745

population › 1960

398071

population › 1970

524115

population › 1980

713921

population › 1990

1054703

population › 2000

1455095

population › 2010

1926634

population › 2020

2515744

population › 2025

2822093

cannabis use › prevalence

3.1

cannabis use › estimate

true

cannabis use › users

50000

Guinea countries/gn.yaml

population › 1900

1533203

population › 1910

1673930

population › 1920

1845110

population › 1930

2168599

population › 1940

2502427

population › 1950

3013177

population › 1960

3556756

population › 1970

4277540

population › 1980

5047423

population › 1990

6434383

population › 2000

8428837

population › 2010

10396090

population › 2020

13371185

population › 2025

15099727

cannabis use › prevalence

3.1

cannabis use › estimate

true

cannabis use › users

260000

Equatorial Guinea countries/gq.yaml

population › 1900

135206

population › 1910

123323

population › 1920

117411

population › 1930

132027

population › 1940

151826

population › 1950

226570

population › 1960

269813

population › 1970

320815

population › 1980

288652

population › 1990

474289

population › 2000

703287

population › 2010

1189097

population › 2020

1716479

population › 2025

1938431

cannabis use › prevalence

3.1

cannabis use › estimate

true

cannabis use › users

36000

Greece countries/gr.yaml

population › 1900

4990133

population › 1910

5368127

population › 1920

5771532

population › 1930

6426998

population › 1940

7310983

population › 1950

7651080

population › 1960

8384484

population › 1970

8747778

population › 1980

9653419

population › 1990

10258494

population › 2000

10782638

population › 2010

11124666

population › 2020

10699370

population › 2025

10413962

cannabis use › prevalence

2.8

cannabis use › year

2020

cannabis use › users

180000

Guatemala countries/gt.yaml

population › 1900

1352626

population › 1910

1494871

population › 1920

1663732

population › 1930

1857837

population › 1940

2304571

population › 1950

3097199

population › 1960

4063659

population › 1970

5396972

population › 1980

6900215

population › 1990

9024775

population › 2000

11697592

population › 2010

14500118

population › 2020

17357331

population › 2025

18687881

cannabis use › prevalence

3.48

cannabis use › year

2014

cannabis use › users

420000

Guam countries/gu.yaml

population › 2020

153836

cannabis use › prevalence

10.25

cannabis use › estimate

true

cannabis use › users

10300

Guinea-Bissau countries/gw.yaml

population › 1900

295214

population › 1910

319975

population › 1920

344458

population › 1930

397429

population › 1940

458081

population › 1950

543632

population › 1960

577634

population › 1970

584409

population › 1980

829314

population › 1990

973678

population › 2000

1234747

population › 2010

1566352

population › 2020

2013259

population › 2025

2249515

cannabis use › prevalence

3.1

cannabis use › estimate

true

cannabis use › users

41000

Guyana countries/gy.yaml

population › 1900

297513

population › 1910

296177

population › 1920

295538

population › 1930

303521

population › 1940

339001

population › 1950

418045

population › 1960

569156

population › 1970

702714

population › 1980

774372

population › 1990

749891

population › 2000

764836

population › 2010

749259

population › 2020

807486

population › 2025

835986

cannabis use › prevalence

4.6

cannabis use › year

2016

cannabis use › users

25000

Hong Kong countries/hk.yaml

population › 2025

7498900

cannabis use › prevalence

1.9

cannabis use › estimate

true

cannabis use › users

100000

Honduras countries/hn.yaml

population › 1900

530342

population › 1910

662011

population › 1920

785083

population › 1930

1022849

population › 1940

1246523

population › 1950

1558941

population › 1960

2062067

population › 1970

2750721

population › 1980

3727179

population › 1990

4980493

population › 2000

6577781

population › 2010

8365881

population › 2020

10119638

population › 2025

11005850

cannabis use › prevalence

0.8

cannabis use › year

2005

cannabis use › users

57000

Croatia countries/hr.yaml

population › 1900

2493105

population › 1910

2725259

population › 1920

2977792

population › 1930

3250582

population › 1940

3548361

population › 1950

3864992

population › 1960

4200272

population › 1970

4462673

population › 1980

4643900

population › 1990

4835067

population › 2000

4326105

population › 2010

4301150

population › 2020

3953956

population › 2025

3876200

cannabis use › prevalence

10.2

cannabis use › year

2020

cannabis use › users

250000

Haiti countries/ht.yaml

population › 1900

1616961

population › 1910

1883502

population › 1920

2215834

population › 1930

2530442

population › 1940

2873280

population › 1950

3265716

population › 1960

3858447

population › 1970

4635126

population › 1980

5614494

population › 1990

6854444

population › 2000

8303151

population › 2010

9803299

population › 2020

11243846

population › 2025

11906095

cannabis use › prevalence

2.5

cannabis use › year

2018

cannabis use › users

190000

Hungary countries/hu.yaml

population › 1900

7106097

population › 1910

7604701

population › 1920

7942153

population › 1930

8610564

population › 1940

9216204

population › 1950

9337883

population › 1960

9983383

population › 1970

10315142

population › 1980

10695372

population › 1990

10381280

population › 2000

10190598

population › 2010

9979128

population › 2020

9749459

population › 2025

9514251

cannabis use › prevalence

1.3

cannabis use › year

2020

cannabis use › users

80000

Indonesia countries/id.yaml

population › 1900

38179623

population › 1910

42820498

population › 1920

47304303

population › 1930

53422386

population › 1940

61843190

population › 1950

68799031

population › 1960

88296074

population › 1970

115657496

population › 1980

148950537

population › 1990

183501097

population › 2000

216077789

population › 2010

246305327

population › 2020

274814861

population › 2025

285721236

cannabis use › prevalence

1.44

cannabis use › year

2019

cannabis use › users

2800000

Ireland countries/ie.yaml

population › 1900

2912656

population › 1910

2912656

population › 1920

2912656

population › 1930

2912656

population › 1940

2912656

population › 1950

2912656

population › 1960

2827691

population › 1970

2961402

population › 1980

3415240

population › 1990

3514015

population › 2000

3802589

population › 2010

4559084

population › 2020

4982602

population › 2025

5484367

cannabis use › prevalence

7.1

cannabis use › year

2020

cannabis use › users

260000

Israel countries/il.yaml

population › 1900

359278

population › 1910

410239

population › 1920

455007

population › 1930

587972

population › 1940

878256

population › 1950

1289244

population › 1960

1891941

population › 1970

2864773

population › 1980

3721666

population › 1990

4544995

population › 2000

6111194

population › 2010

7336735

population › 2020

8800380

population › 2025

10122800

cannabis use › prevalence

14

cannabis use › year

2020

cannabis use › users

850000

Isle of Man countries/im.yaml

population › 2024

84523

cannabis use › prevalence

5.7

cannabis use › estimate

true

cannabis use › users

3100

India countries/in.yaml

population › 1900

280714154

population › 1910

295496971

population › 1920

300639878

population › 1930

330163509

population › 1940

373766276

population › 1950

346278818

population › 1960

435990342

population › 1970

545864271

population › 1980

687354029

population › 1990

864972221

population › 2000

1057922731

population › 2010

1243481565

population › 2020

1402617694

population › 2025

1463865525

cannabis use › prevalence

3.2

cannabis use › year

2020

cannabis use › users

32000000

Iraq countries/iq.yaml

population › 1900

2399016

population › 1910

2850254

population › 1920

3459608

population › 1930

3933814

population › 1940

4140032

population › 1950

5653357

population › 1960

7022057

population › 1970

9735611

population › 1980

13591996

population › 1990

17581208

population › 2000

24424060

population › 2010

31045367

population › 2020

42116602

population › 2025

47020774

cannabis use › prevalence

1.9

cannabis use › estimate

true

cannabis use › users

540000

Iran countries/ir.yaml

population › 1900

10122370

population › 1910

10967798

population › 1920

9455525

population › 1930

12691310

population › 1940

15178703

population › 1950

16510553

population › 1960

21470433

population › 1970

29145099

population › 1980

39842323

population › 1990

58380098

population › 2000

66418661

population › 2010

77420851

population › 2020

87723448

population › 2025

92417681

cannabis use › prevalence

0.58

cannabis use › year

2015

cannabis use › users

370000

Iceland countries/is.yaml

population › 1900

77854

population › 1910

87565

population › 1920

97534

population › 1930

108477

population › 1940

120892

population › 1950

142684

population › 1960

175572

population › 1970

204489

population › 1980

228147

population › 1990

254842

population › 2000

281293

population › 2010

318163

population › 2020

366626

population › 2025

392404

cannabis use › prevalence

5.8

cannabis use › year

2017

cannabis use › users

15000

Italy countries/it.yaml

population › 1900

33332371

population › 1910

35939804

population › 1920

36967588

population › 1930

40159184

population › 1940

43602046

population › 1950

46391674

population › 1960

49514555

population › 1970

53390231

population › 1980

56412086

population › 1990

57031457

population › 2000

57272200

population › 2010

60164212

population › 2020

59912763

population › 2025

58915656

cannabis use › prevalence

10.2

cannabis use › year

2020

cannabis use › users

3800000

Jersey countries/je.yaml

population › 2024

104540

cannabis use › prevalence

5.7

cannabis use › estimate

true

cannabis use › users

3900

Jamaica countries/jm.yaml

population › 1900

727676

population › 1910

815621

population › 1920

873146

population › 1930

1024958

population › 1940

1226097

population › 1950

1407214

population › 1960

1650009

population › 1970

1878191

population › 1980

2145661

population › 1990

2379880

population › 2000

2607827

population › 2010

2748573

population › 2020

2830745

population › 2025

2837077

cannabis use › prevalence

18

cannabis use › year

2016

cannabis use › users

370000

Jordan countries/jo.yaml

population › 1900

254431

population › 1910

273656

population › 1920

196295

population › 1930

233585

population › 1940

246075

population › 1950

438808

population › 1960

853471

population › 1970

1565172

population › 1980

2234192

population › 1990

3621915

population › 2000

5386945

population › 2010

7297046

population › 2020

10865232

population › 2025

11520684

cannabis use › prevalence

2.1

cannabis use › year

2001

cannabis use › users

160000

Japan countries/jp.yaml

population › 1900

44416502

population › 1910

49880362

population › 1920

56328237

population › 1930

64665549

population › 1940

73591941

population › 1950

86443278

population › 1960

96399755

population › 1970

106712370

population › 1980

118358761

population › 1990

123399767

population › 2000

127027794

population › 2010

128185273

population › 2020

126304533

population › 2025

123366734

cannabis use › prevalence

0.1

cannabis use › year

2019

cannabis use › users

72000

Kenya countries/ke.yaml

population › 1900

3950614

population › 1910

3633121

population › 1920

3566429

population › 1930

4167035

population › 1940

4808498

population › 1950

5769190

population › 1960

7695310

population › 1970

11368806

population › 1980

16018465

population › 1990

22892655

population › 2000

30642893

population › 2010

41598570

population › 2020

52217327

population › 2025

57532493

cannabis use › prevalence

1.2

cannabis use › year

2016

cannabis use › users

420000

Kyrgyzstan countries/kg.yaml

population › 1900

1100576

population › 1910

1205653

population › 1920

1320825

population › 1930

1447162

population › 1940

1585583

population › 1950

1751141

population › 1960

2215517

population › 1970

3025143

population › 1980

3729372

population › 1990

4459545

population › 2000

5025150

population › 2010

5491763

population › 2020

6664143

population › 2025

7343064

cannabis use › prevalence

6.4

cannabis use › year

2001

cannabis use › users

290000

Cambodia countries/kh.yaml

population › 1900

2839483

population › 1910

3012110

population › 1920

2895102

population › 1930

2788985

population › 1940

3061261

population › 1950

4375252

population › 1960

5449964

population › 1970

6639187

population › 1980

5199874

population › 1990

7374754

population › 2000

12462343

population › 2010

14500730

population › 2020

16725484

population › 2025

17847982

cannabis use › prevalence

3.5

cannabis use › year

2003

cannabis use › users

400000

Kiribati countries/ki.yaml

population › 1900

28664

population › 1910

30579

population › 1920

32455

population › 1930

34058

population › 1940

35740

population › 1950

37871

population › 1960

47177

population › 1970

57530

population › 1980

61170

population › 1990

74872

population › 2000

88632

population › 2010

108717

population › 2020

126110

population › 2025

136488

cannabis use › prevalence

11.6

cannabis use › estimate

true

cannabis use › users

9700

Comoros countries/km.yaml

population › 1900

85742

population › 1910

105346

population › 1920

129010

population › 1930

139454

population › 1940

149571

population › 1950

161951

population › 1960

197710

population › 1970

244196

population › 1980

337728

population › 1990

444601

population › 2000

536084

population › 2010

654846

population › 2020

802172

population › 2025

882847

cannabis use › prevalence

2.9

cannabis use › year

2002

cannabis use › users

15000

Saint Kitts and Nevis countries/kn.yaml

population › 1900

48203

population › 1910

45331

population › 1920

39746

population › 1930

38573

population › 1940

40766

population › 1950

47254

population › 1960

55834

population › 1970

44632

population › 1980

42866

population › 1990

40456

population › 2000

45272

population › 2010

46871

population › 2020

46896

population › 2025

46922

cannabis use › prevalence

11.7

cannabis use › year

2006

cannabis use › users

3800

North Korea countries/kp.yaml

population › 1900

5432032

population › 1910

5724136

population › 1920

6800254

population › 1930

8019424

population › 1940

9457170

population › 1950

11116734

population › 1960

11722950

population › 1970

15172777

population › 1980

18236783

population › 1990

21112134

population › 2000

23665909

population › 2010

24987257

population › 2020

26136312

population › 2025

26571036

cannabis use › prevalence

1.9

cannabis use › estimate

true

cannabis use › users

350000

South Korea countries/kr.yaml

population › 1900

9687522

population › 1910

9911592

population › 1920

11464533

population › 1930

13456220

population › 1940

15330291

population › 1950

19757319

population › 1960

26115388

population › 1970

32542203

population › 1980

38141109

population › 1990

44081425

population › 2000

46766660

population › 2010

48769329

population › 2020

51858481

population › 2025

51684564

cannabis use › prevalence

0.3

cannabis use › year

2004

cannabis use › users

110000

Kuwait countries/kw.yaml

population › 1900

98794

population › 1910

105366

population › 1920

114746

population › 1930

124871

population › 1940

135890

population › 1950

153973

population › 1960

311066

population › 1970

809118

population › 1980

1504789

population › 1990

1684833

population › 2000

1954713

population › 2010

2943374

population › 2020

4400146

population › 2025

4865298

cannabis use › prevalence

3.1

cannabis use › year

2005

cannabis use › users

120000

Cayman Islands countries/ky.yaml

population › 2024

88833

cannabis use › prevalence

4.98

cannabis use › estimate

true

cannabis use › users

2900

Kazakhstan countries/kz.yaml

population › 1900

4161983

population › 1910

4543093

population › 1920

4964613

population › 1930

5439477

population › 1940

5959762

population › 1950

6787149

population › 1960

9429982

population › 1970

12419056

population › 1980

15152953

population › 1990

17154060

population › 2000

15501108

population › 2010

16836808

population › 2020

19482116

population › 2025

20843754

cannabis use › prevalence

2.4

cannabis use › year

2012

cannabis use › users

310000

Laos countries/la.yaml

population › 1900

1378713

population › 1910

1272193

population › 1920

1046704

population › 1930

876948

population › 1940

957965

population › 1950

1684556

population › 1960

2121517

population › 1970

2669703

population › 1980

3292575

population › 1990

4311960

population › 2000

5431213

population › 2010

6334198

population › 2020

7346534

population › 2025

7873046

cannabis use › prevalence

0.9

cannabis use › year

2008

cannabis use › users

46000

Lebanon countries/lb.yaml

population › 1900

501417

population › 1910

637099

population › 1920

769131

population › 1930

926073

population › 1940

1115039

population › 1950

1349351

population › 1960

1794411

population › 1970

2386119

population › 1980

2944765

population › 1990

3595175

population › 2000

4329345

population › 2010

5041290

population › 2020

5702400

population › 2025

5849421

cannabis use › prevalence

1.9

cannabis use › year

2009

cannabis use › users

71000

Saint Lucia countries/lc.yaml

population › 1900

53029

population › 1910

53545

population › 1920

57376

population › 1930

65923

population › 1940

76707

population › 1950

93009

population › 1960

92605

population › 1970

103184

population › 1980

119302

population › 1990

137874

population › 2000

158624

population › 2010

170921

population › 2020

178261

population › 2025

180149

cannabis use › prevalence

8.87

cannabis use › year

2010

cannabis use › users

12000

Liechtenstein countries/li.yaml

population › 1900

10331

population › 1910

11121

population › 1920

12070

population › 1930

12176

population › 1940

12869

population › 1950

13786

population › 1960

16512

population › 1970

21170

population › 1980

25114

population › 1990

28912

population › 2000

33137

population › 2010

36021

population › 2020

38793

population › 2025

41024

cannabis use › prevalence

8.6

cannabis use › year

2005

cannabis use › users

2300

Sri Lanka countries/lk.yaml

population › 1900

4063376

population › 1910

4860106

population › 1920

5500957

population › 1930

5987713

population › 1940

6492745

population › 1950

7811051

population › 1960

9661384

population › 1970

12287113

population › 1980

14847972

population › 1990

16352460

population › 2000

19293056

population › 2010

20879092

population › 2020

22561808

population › 2025

21756000

cannabis use › prevalence

1.9

cannabis use › year

2018

cannabis use › users

270000

Liberia countries/lr.yaml

population › 1900

490243

population › 1910

533090

population › 1920

575156

population › 1930

663604

population › 1940

764876

population › 1950

918912

population › 1960

1139519

population › 1970

1466677

population › 1980

1929260

population › 1990

2223667

population › 2000

2928117

population › 2010

4058897

population › 2020

5149470

population › 2025

5731206

cannabis use › prevalence

7.52

cannabis use › year

2017

cannabis use › users

250000

Lesotho countries/ls.yaml

population › 1900

249213

population › 1910

281353

population › 1920

320591

population › 1930

393273

population › 1940

480202

population › 1950

579554

population › 1960

736507

population › 1970

1019273

population › 1980

1406530

population › 1990

1809698

population › 2000

2003919

population › 2010

1996256

population › 2020

2235727

population › 2025

2363325

cannabis use › prevalence

3.1

cannabis use › estimate

true

cannabis use › users

45000

Lithuania countries/lt.yaml

population › 1900

2523151

population › 1910

2850870

population › 1920

2283303

population › 1930

2417070

population › 1940

2453223

population › 1950

2433000

population › 1960

2769099

population › 1970

3135874

population › 1980

3428417

population › 1990

3695016

population › 2000

3500410

population › 2010

3097721

population › 2020

2795766

population › 2025

2888774

cannabis use › prevalence

2.7

cannabis use › year

2020

cannabis use › users

51000

Luxembourg countries/lu.yaml

population › 1900

235574

population › 1910

258721

population › 1920

269864

population › 1930

297712

population › 1940

300207

population › 1950

296580

population › 1960

313888

population › 1970

339337

population › 1980

363711

population › 1990

381707

population › 2000

436142

population › 2010

507418

population › 2020

630597

population › 2025

686970

cannabis use › prevalence

5.4

cannabis use › year

2020

cannabis use › users

25000

Latvia countries/lv.yaml

population › 1900

2148646

population › 1910

2450389

population › 1920

1860798

population › 1930

1875135

population › 1940

1921871

population › 1950

1918725

population › 1960

2131169

population › 1970

2357559

population › 1980

2511756

population › 1990

2660131

population › 2000

2368320

population › 2010

2097834

population › 2020

1901119

population › 2025

1847785

cannabis use › prevalence

3.9

cannabis use › year

2020

cannabis use › users

45000

Libya countries/ly.yaml

population › 1900

514376

population › 1910

598690

population › 1920

679435

population › 1930

760476

population › 1940

876455

population › 1950

1131471

population › 1960

1492890

population › 1970

2082597

population › 1980

3424375

population › 1990

4445243

population › 2000

5305020

population › 2010

6497837

population › 2020

7045403

population › 2025

7458555

cannabis use › prevalence

0.05

cannabis use › year

1998

cannabis use › users

2500

Morocco countries/ma.yaml

population › 1900

4681030

population › 1910

5437479

population › 1920

5772593

population › 1930

6447923

population › 1940

7641938

population › 1950

8935456

population › 1960

11624932

population › 1970

15129453

population › 1980

19459942

population › 1990

24375558

population › 2000

28423439

population › 2010

32467009

population › 2020

36584208

population › 2025

38430770

cannabis use › prevalence

10.47

cannabis use › year

2017

cannabis use › users

2700000

Monaco countries/mc.yaml

population › 1900

21331

population › 1910

24028

population › 1920

23596

population › 1930

26270

population › 1940

25118

population › 1950

19689

population › 1960

21829

population › 1970

24252

population › 1980

27146

population › 1990

30382

population › 2000

32477

population › 2010

33188

population › 2020

38074

population › 2025

38341

cannabis use › prevalence

10.47

cannabis use › year

2017

cannabis use › users

2000

Moldova countries/md.yaml

population › 1900

1484973

population › 1910

1628124

population › 1920

1784707

population › 1930

1955414

population › 1940

2142449

population › 1950

2528365

population › 1960

3076172

population › 1970

3643522

population › 1980

4048713

population › 1990

4451150

population › 2000

4234969

population › 2010

3631990

population › 2020

3069135

population › 2025

2360527

cannabis use › prevalence

0.7

cannabis use › year

2010

cannabis use › users

11000

Montenegro countries/me.yaml

population › 1900

442653

population › 1910

510756

population › 1920

484521

population › 1930

453378

population › 1940

424237

population › 1950

402519

population › 1960

471205

population › 1970

529679

population › 1980

584831

population › 1990

620507

population › 2000

634198

population › 2010

632088

population › 2020

607934

population › 2025

623129

cannabis use › prevalence

4.6

cannabis use › year

2017

cannabis use › users

18000

Madagascar countries/mg.yaml

population › 1900

2678373

population › 1910

2543231

population › 1920

2495724

population › 1930

2865906

population › 1940

3303271

population › 1950

3956077

population › 1960

5111033

population › 1970

6672004

population › 1980

9006039

population › 1990

12055649

population › 2000

16516336

population › 2010

22183343

population › 2020

28953560

population › 2025

32740678

cannabis use › prevalence

14.2

cannabis use › year

2019

cannabis use › users

2700000

Marshall Islands countries/mh.yaml

population › 1900

39597

population › 1910

50566

population › 1920

64282

population › 1930

75486

population › 1940

31529

population › 1950

13019

population › 1960

14728

population › 1970

22552

population › 1980

30793

population › 1990

44648

population › 2000

50721

population › 2010

52064

population › 2020

42728

population › 2025

36282

cannabis use › prevalence

5.5

cannabis use › year

2007

cannabis use › users

1200

North Macedonia countries/mk.yaml

population › 1900

802202

population › 1910

878324

population › 1920

960798

population › 1930

1048814

population › 1940

1144894

population › 1950

1248682

population › 1960

1435060

population › 1970

1664214

population › 1980

1933043

population › 1990

2063690

population › 2000

2057254

population › 2010

2051510

population › 2020

1872021

population › 2025

1820909

cannabis use › prevalence

6.6

cannabis use › year

2017

cannabis use › users

78000

Mali countries/ml.yaml

population › 1900

2331296

population › 1910

2707812

population › 1920

3040300

population › 1930

3479504

population › 1940

3971134

population › 1950

4696914

population › 1960

5402550

population › 1970

6276476

population › 1980

7530522

population › 1990

9178826

population › 2000

11559291

population › 2010

15945201

population › 2020

21713837

population › 2025

25198821

cannabis use › prevalence

7.8

cannabis use › year

1995

cannabis use › users

1000000

Myanmar countries/mm.yaml

population › 1900

9411380

population › 1910

10934246

population › 1920

11923214

population › 1930

13231889

population › 1940

15124546

population › 1950

17737123

population › 1960

21730255

population › 1970

27193015

population › 1980

33227204

population › 1990

39817253

population › 2000

45290850

population › 2010

49024376

population › 2020

53016525

population › 2025

54850648

cannabis use › prevalence

0.9

cannabis use › year

2005

cannabis use › users

340000

Mongolia countries/mn.yaml

population › 1900

696737

population › 1910

719186

population › 1920

732268

population › 1930

745432

population › 1940

758832

population › 1950

781691

population › 1960

977602

population › 1970

1295275

population › 1980

1701341

population › 1990

2164578

population › 2000

2455182

population › 2010

2701739

population › 2020

3290786

population › 2025

3568978

cannabis use › prevalence

1.9

cannabis use › estimate

true

cannabis use › users

43000

Macau countries/mo.yaml

population › 2021

682070

cannabis use › prevalence

1.9

cannabis use › estimate

true

cannabis use › users

9300

Northern Mariana Islands countries/mp.yaml

population › 2020

47329

cannabis use › prevalence

10.25

cannabis use › estimate

true

cannabis use › users

3300

Mauritania countries/mr.yaml

population › 1900

359492

population › 1910

388783

population › 1920

413307

population › 1930

476866

population › 1940

549640

population › 1950

657722

population › 1960

824307

population › 1970

1099815

population › 1980

1474046

population › 1990

1951881

population › 2000

2613450

population › 2010

3390968

population › 2020

4600136

population › 2025

5315065

cannabis use › prevalence

3.1

cannabis use › estimate

true

cannabis use › users

90000

Malta countries/mt.yaml

population › 1900

206234

population › 1910

215840

population › 1920

212759

population › 1930

227340

population › 1940

254503

population › 1950

294685

population › 1960

330832

population › 1970

326017

population › 1980

342882

population › 1990

367913

population › 2000

399905

population › 2010

422654

population › 2020

518212

population › 2025

579704

cannabis use › prevalence

0.9

cannabis use › year

2020

cannabis use › users

3500

Mauritius countries/mu.yaml

population › 1900

392834

population › 1910

395786

population › 1920

406448

population › 1930

424691

population › 1940

454310

population › 1950

525560

population › 1960

680332

population › 1970

827700

population › 1980

954221

population › 1990

1089033

population › 2000

1216632

population › 2010

1282710

population › 2020

1283231

population › 2025

1243741

cannabis use › prevalence

1.08

cannabis use › year

2009

cannabis use › users

9600

Maldives countries/mv.yaml

population › 1900

64150

population › 1910

66898

population › 1920

65426

population › 1930

73027

population › 1940

78873

population › 1950

74461

population › 1960

91203

population › 1970

123240

population › 1980

164844

population › 1990

224772

population › 2000

282025

population › 2010

360802

population › 2020

502127

population › 2025

529676

cannabis use › prevalence

2.55

cannabis use › year

2012

cannabis use › users

10000

Malawi countries/mw.yaml

population › 1900

2067047

population › 1910

1922933

population › 1920

1868175

population › 1930

2142711

population › 1940

2469709

population › 1950

2950299

population › 1960

3628136

population › 1970

4633949

population › 1980

6265529

population › 1990

9545860

population › 2000

11315947

population › 2010

14826466

population › 2020

19533885

population › 2025

22216120

cannabis use › prevalence

3.1

cannabis use › estimate

true

cannabis use › users

390000

Mexico countries/mx.yaml

population › 1900

13261087

population › 1910

14503032

population › 1920

14579605

population › 1930

16689077

population › 1940

19982850

population › 1950

27587941

population › 1960

36724614

population › 1970

50814958

population › 1980

67300338

population › 1990

82820170

population › 2000

98625553

population › 2010

113623898

population › 2020

126799053

population › 2025

131946900

cannabis use › prevalence

2.1

cannabis use › year

2016

cannabis use › users

1900000

Malaysia countries/my.yaml

population › 1900

2094024

population › 1910

2684056

population › 1920

3274070

population › 1930

4069257

population › 1940

5001715

population › 1950

6098285

population › 1960

7956201

population › 1970

10178802

population › 1980

12983365

population › 1990

17833179

population › 2000

22967817

population › 2010

28655772

population › 2020

33889554

population › 2025

35977838

cannabis use › prevalence

1.6

cannabis use › year

2003

cannabis use › users

410000

Mozambique countries/mz.yaml

population › 1900

4251279

population › 1910

3902611

population › 1920

3756127

population › 1930

4308103

population › 1940

4965561

population › 1950

5910234

population › 1960

6713698

population › 1970

8250504

population › 1980

11336220

population › 1990

13094535

population › 2000

18129652

population › 2010

22999234

population › 2020

30783685

population › 2025

35631653

cannabis use › prevalence

3.1

cannabis use › estimate

true

cannabis use › users

590000

Namibia countries/na.yaml

population › 1900

203718

population › 1910

240833

population › 1920

283647

population › 1930

347953

population › 1940

424866

population › 1950

514598

population › 1960

591473

population › 1970

757876

population › 1980

981440

population › 1990

1369309

population › 2000

1818650

population › 2010

2109815

population › 2020

2728760

population › 2025

3092816

cannabis use › prevalence

3.9

cannabis use › year

2000

cannabis use › users

72000

Niger countries/ne.yaml

population › 1900

1320431

population › 1910

1494234

population › 1920

1649641

population › 1930

1887949

population › 1940

2154703

population › 1950

2597818

population › 1960

3505056

population › 1970

4650272

population › 1980

6135968

population › 1990

8286066

population › 2000

11509634

population › 2010

16548833

population › 2020

23717615

population › 2025

27917831

cannabis use › prevalence

3.1

cannabis use › estimate

true

cannabis use › users

440000

Nigeria countries/ng.yaml

population › 1900

18664170

population › 1910

20655981

population › 1920

22927580

population › 1930

26735105

population › 1940

31085546

population › 1950

37283019

population › 1960

45053787

population › 1970

55893836

population › 1980

73764641

population › 1990

97120926

population › 2000

126382490

population › 2010

166642888

population › 2020

213996185

population › 2025

237527782

cannabis use › prevalence

19.4

cannabis use › year

2019

cannabis use › users

26000000

Nicaragua countries/ni.yaml

population › 1900

553531

population › 1910

656534

population › 1920

769730

population › 1930

828973

population › 1940

1008702

population › 1950

1331445

population › 1960

1782371

population › 1970

2423065

population › 1980

3252404

population › 1990

4162566

population › 2000

5022636

population › 2010

5737451

population › 2020

6565267

population › 2025

7007502

cannabis use › prevalence

1.1

cannabis use › year

2006

cannabis use › users

51000

Netherlands countries/nl.yaml

population › 1900

5140189

population › 1910

5914229

population › 1920

6834137

population › 1930

7859443

population › 1940

8868956

population › 1950

10113759

population › 1960

11486909

population › 1970

13052082

population › 1980

14162686

population › 1990

15030886

population › 2000

16058757

population › 2010

16771232

population › 2020

17636732

population › 2025

18087633

cannabis use › prevalence

10.1

cannabis use › year

2020

cannabis use › users

1200000

Norway countries/no.yaml

population › 1900

2232623

population › 1910

2399597

population › 1920

2642453

population › 1930

2820108

population › 1940

2994493

population › 1950

3265199

population › 1960

3581119

population › 1970

3875351

population › 1980

4085603

population › 1990

4241440

population › 2000

4490864

population › 2010

4889160

population › 2020

5379275

population › 2025

5610870

cannabis use › prevalence

7

cannabis use › year

2024

cannabis use › users

260000

Nepal countries/np.yaml

population › 1900

5116267

population › 1910

5384368

population › 1920

5360778

population › 1930

5343320

population › 1940

5500086

population › 1950

8396610

population › 1960

10123664

population › 1970

12436191

population › 1980

15553106

population › 1990

19524579

population › 2000

24546509

population › 2010

27341955

population › 2020

28966580

population › 2025

29618118

cannabis use › prevalence

0.71

cannabis use › year

2019

cannabis use › users

140000

Nauru countries/nr.yaml

population › 1900

1921

population › 1910

1928

population › 1920

1986

population › 1930

2839

population › 1940

2931

population › 1950

3424

population › 1960

4625

population › 1970

6733

population › 1980

7670

population › 1990

9645

population › 2000

10187

population › 2010

10067

population › 2020

11665

population › 2025

12025

cannabis use › prevalence

11.6

cannabis use › estimate

true

cannabis use › users

830

New Zealand countries/nz.yaml

population › 1900

809099

population › 1910

1037814

population › 1920

1239349

population › 1930

1481347

population › 1940

1638415

population › 1950

1911265

population › 1960

2379482

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2822184

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3146325

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3396981

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3857576

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4347766

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5069895

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5324700

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15

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2020

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520000

Oman countries/om.yaml

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379583

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412514

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421003

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431196

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441636

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456997

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530489

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662691

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1001248

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1763957

population › 2000

2282139

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2757450

population › 2020

4522502

population › 2025

5494691

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0.1

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1999

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4000

Panama countries/pa.yaml

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257249

population › 1910

319341

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460090

population › 1930

504023

population › 1940

670153

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860855

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1126004

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1513071

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1957543

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2455588

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3010376

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3628537

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4293258

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4571189

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2015

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Peru countries/pe.yaml

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3657023

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4137540

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4699402

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5483224

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6444987

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7677414

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10174128

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13501237

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17360955

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22014772

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26598328

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29086021

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32838577

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34576665

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1.62

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2017

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370000

French Polynesia countries/pf.yaml

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278786

cannabis use › prevalence

11.6

cannabis use › estimate

true

cannabis use › users

22000

Papua New Guinea countries/pg.yaml

population › 1900

841827

population › 1910

833850

population › 1920

554530

population › 1930

592614

population › 1940

953522

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1543441

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1995115

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2505632

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3131516

population › 1990

3896482

population › 2000

5537068

population › 2010

7633524

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9815743

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10762817

cannabis use › prevalence

29.5

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1995

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2000000

Philippines countries/ph.yaml

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7835476

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27891900

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37622203

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48043744

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62854668

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79625401

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96337127

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112081270

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116786962

cannabis use › prevalence

1.64

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2016

cannabis use › users

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Pakistan countries/pk.yaml

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19230643

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26064359

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31284924

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45709314

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60166721

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82291008

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116155584

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154879124

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199239048

population › 2020

235001745

population › 2025

255219554

cannabis use › prevalence

3.6

cannabis use › year

2012

cannabis use › users

5500000

Poland countries/pl.yaml

population › 1900

24312686

population › 1910

25809505

population › 1920

23791651

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27385667

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28883551

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24780169

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29575967

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32542639

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35576518

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38055448

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38258077

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38095356

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38171005

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36435861

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3.8

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2020

cannabis use › users

900000

Puerto Rico countries/pr.yaml

population › 2020

3285874

cannabis use › prevalence

4.98

cannabis use › estimate

true

cannabis use › users

105000

Palestine countries/ps.yaml

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291751

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337256

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353234

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463247

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1073080

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1116285

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1469058

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2139065

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3151800

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4016918

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5069692

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5413596

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1.9

cannabis use › estimate

true

cannabis use › users

60000

Portugal countries/pt.yaml

population › 1900

5402551

population › 1910

5854984

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6054309

population › 1930

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7651628

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8873223

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8669523

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9763622

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9989526

population › 2000

10283196

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10578659

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10370519

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10804871

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5.1

cannabis use › year

2020

cannabis use › users

340000

Palau countries/pw.yaml

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5745

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6038

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6344

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6657

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6986

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7494

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9349

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11393

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12296

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15282

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19206

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18420

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17817

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17663

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24.2

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2007

cannabis use › users

3000

Paraguay countries/py.yaml

population › 1900

463602

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564592

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898760

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1138105

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1883517

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2388030

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3053239

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4035752

population › 2000

5100875

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5737973

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6603741

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7013078

cannabis use › prevalence

1.6

cannabis use › year

2005

cannabis use › users

73000

Qatar countries/qa.yaml

population › 1900

16061

population › 1910

16905

population › 1920

18241

population › 1930

19851

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21603

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24304

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36025

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116370

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275923

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440184

population › 2000

644993

population › 2010

1709238

population › 2020

2803375

population › 2025

2972215

cannabis use › prevalence

0.1

cannabis use › year

1996

cannabis use › users

2500

Romania countries/ro.yaml

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16397275

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18313498

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20011626

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22154776

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22939530

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22046264

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20432575

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19392467

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3.5

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2020

cannabis use › users

430000

Serbia countries/rs.yaml

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2313842

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3989085

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6702964

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7324426

population › 1980

7796286

population › 1990

7874595

population › 2000

7694608

population › 2010

7395872

population › 2020

6907814

population › 2025

6549143

cannabis use › prevalence

2

cannabis use › year

2018

cannabis use › users

82000

Russia countries/ru.yaml

population › 1900

64843834

population › 1910

70982800

population › 1920

77706431

population › 1930

85188053

population › 1940

93390010

population › 1950

103392364

population › 1960

119934143

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130367188

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138572628

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148979537

population › 2000

146717784

population › 2010

143934468

population › 2020

146371295

population › 2025

143513328

cannabis use › prevalence

3.5

cannabis use › year

2007

cannabis use › users

3300000

Rwanda countries/rw.yaml

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1401547

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1357035

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1556456

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1793986

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2157101

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3022300

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3980673

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5353263

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7375313

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8213936

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10317560

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13065838

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14569341

cannabis use › prevalence

3.1

cannabis use › estimate

true

cannabis use › users

270000

Saudi Arabia countries/sa.yaml

population › 1900

2123533

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2188136

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2331840

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2555457

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2800517

population › 1950

1703280

population › 1960

2435410

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3562475

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6047997

population › 1990

10640697

population › 2000

16177733

population › 2010

25157134

population › 2020

30991206

population › 2025

36973555

cannabis use › prevalence

0.3

cannabis use › year

2006

cannabis use › users

81000

Solomon Islands countries/sb.yaml

population › 1900

133028

population › 1910

146847

population › 1920

144333

population › 1930

95207

population › 1940

93992

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108650

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139698

population › 1970

176590

population › 1980

238149

population › 1990

331448

population › 2000

440481

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532976

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744505

population › 2025

838645

cannabis use › prevalence

11.6

cannabis use › estimate

true

cannabis use › users

58000

Seychelles countries/sc.yaml

population › 1900

21066

population › 1910

25794

population › 1920

28579

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31053

population › 1940

36286

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38306

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43249

population › 1970

54276

population › 1980

66281

population › 1990

74000

population › 2000

83339

population › 2010

94993

population › 2020

120299

population › 2025

122730

cannabis use › prevalence

3.1

cannabis use › estimate

true

cannabis use › users

2700

Sudan countries/sd.yaml

population › 1900

5164788

population › 1910

5255604

population › 1920

5388664

population › 1930

5633637

population › 1940

5889749

population › 1950

6189915

population › 1960

8364491

population › 1970

11695768

population › 1980

17058908

population › 1990

22021484

population › 2000

27816748

population › 2010

35414403

population › 2020

46789237

population › 2025

51662147

cannabis use › prevalence

3.1

cannabis use › estimate

true

cannabis use › users

900000

Sweden countries/se.yaml

population › 1900

5123503

population › 1910

5463482

population › 1920

5876734

population › 1930

6141408

population › 1940

6393377

population › 1950

7016565

population › 1960

7484597

population › 1970

8042783

population › 1980

8310470

population › 1990

8558571

population › 2000

8872099

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9378234

population › 2020

10353682

population › 2025

10596620

cannabis use › prevalence

3.8

cannabis use › year

2020

cannabis use › users

250000

Singapore countries/sg.yaml

population › 1900

212200

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311561

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386317

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574238

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735023

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1013318

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1619328

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2091568

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2437496

population › 1990

3039593

population › 2000

4035251

population › 2010

5077020

population › 2020

5620151

population › 2025

6111175

cannabis use › prevalence

0.004

cannabis use › year

2004

cannabis use › users

180

Slovenia countries/si.yaml

population › 1900

937205

population › 1910

1020920

population › 1920

1112809

population › 1930

1214751

population › 1940

1326032

population › 1950

1446362

population › 1960

1605080

population › 1970

1739869

population › 1980

1903075

population › 1990

1998010

population › 2000

1986817

population › 2010

2044611

population › 2020

2102421

population › 2025

2130986

cannabis use › prevalence

5.9

cannabis use › year

2020

cannabis use › users

80000

Slovakia countries/sk.yaml

population › 1900

2865937

population › 1910

2971421

population › 1920

3081588

population › 1930

3197780

population › 1940

3318354

population › 1950

3465750

population › 1960

4124444

population › 1970

4525876

population › 1980

4976659

population › 1990

5266077

population › 2000

5380001

population › 2010

5391857

population › 2020

5455028

population › 2025

5413813

cannabis use › prevalence

3.8

cannabis use › year

2020

cannabis use › users

130000

Sierra Leone countries/sl.yaml

population › 1900

1095929

population › 1910

1179670

population › 1920

1263887

population › 1930

1458247

population › 1940

1680790

population › 1950

1999628

population › 1960

2268361

population › 1970

2712287

population › 1980

3272097

population › 1990

4196834

population › 2000

4423615

population › 2010

6222715

population › 2020

7912557

population › 2025

8819794

cannabis use › prevalence

6.48

cannabis use › year

2017

cannabis use › users

340000

San Marino countries/sm.yaml

population › 1900

10133

population › 1910

10995

population › 1920

12786

population › 1930

13026

population › 1940

14632

population › 1950

12970

population › 1960

15449

population › 1970

18194

population › 1980

21609

population › 1990

23501

population › 2000

26823

population › 2010

30648

population › 2020

34796

population › 2025

34109

cannabis use › prevalence

5.7

cannabis use › estimate

true

cannabis use › users

1300

Senegal countries/sn.yaml

population › 1900

1377037

population › 1910

1470404

population › 1920

1566552

population › 1930

1807456

population › 1940

2083292

population › 1950

2555376

population › 1960

3340900

population › 1970

4466330

population › 1980

5845640

population › 1990

7720524

population › 2000

9968262

population › 2010

12635418

population › 2020

16789217

population › 2025

18931966

cannabis use › prevalence

2.8

cannabis use › year

1999

cannabis use › users

310000

Somalia countries/so.yaml

population › 1900

1520159

population › 1910

1559015

population › 1920

1594481

population › 1930

1750902

population › 1940

1906384

population › 1950

2213139

population › 1960

2876333

population › 1970

3738451

population › 1980

5936155

population › 1990

7082816

population › 2000

8838714

population › 2010

12261761

population › 2020

16651200

population › 2025

19654739

cannabis use › prevalence

2.5

cannabis use › year

2002

cannabis use › users

250000

Suriname countries/sr.yaml

population › 1900

88412

population › 1910

90910

population › 1920

124719

population › 1930

142870

population › 1940

170501

population › 1950

195575

population › 1960

263935

population › 1970

379451

population › 1980

375393

population › 1990

412500

population › 2000

476647

population › 2010

549931

population › 2020

612320

population › 2025

639850

cannabis use › prevalence

3.4

cannabis use › year

2013

cannabis use › users

14000

Articles and atlas entries 20

congo-free-state-hemp-ordinance-1903 articles/congo-free-state-hemp-ordinance-1903.md

text

On 22 January 1903 the The Congo Free State prohibited growing, the private colony of King Leopold II of Belgiumselling, issued an ordinance-law headed "measures against the use oftransporting and holding cannabis for smoking hemp"in 1903. A decree approved it on 1 March. It is seven articles longGrowers faced destruction of their crops, and it bans everything at once village chiefs could be made liable for fines when they failed to report offences. The law also offered a brief opportunity to surrender cannabis for compensation. ## The seven articles | Article | What it says | |---|---| | 1 | Growingban reached the supply network The ordinance targeted the activities that supplied cannabis to smokers. Historian Chris Duvall describes its effect on informal African trade: farming, selling, transportingcarrying and holding hemppossessing the plant all became offences. The prohibition reached people along the chain from cultivation to consumption. The distinction between the plant and its intended use mattered. The law named cannabis for smoking are forbidden, and so is using it, by smoking ora locally traded product. Duvall places the restriction within a wider colonial pattern in any other way | | 2 | Forwhich authorities treated African cannabis markets as having little economic value while seeking opportunities in the European pharmaceutical trade. ## Growers had fifteen days, people may to declare their hempcrops The law gave people fifteen days after it took effect to declare fields under cannabis and hand in their hemp atpresent stocks to the nearest government post. In return, they were to receive payment for the value of cannabis destroyed, whether already harvested or still standing. That offer gave growers and willholders a short route out of the prohibited trade. Afterwards, authorities were to destroy unlawful plantations at the offenders' expense. Confiscated cannabis was also to be paid its value once it is destroyed | | 3 | Offences bring. The scheme therefore combined compensation for declared supplies with financial liability for crops the authorities removed as illegal plantations. ## Village chiefs were drawn into enforcement Offenders faced a fine of 100 to 1,000 francs and penal servitude of, imprisonment for fifteen days to one year, or oneeither punishment alone. Conviction also brought crop destruction and confiscation of the two; crops are destroyed, hemp is confiscated, and so is any instrument used for smoking it | | 4 | cannabis seized. Village chiefs arewere jointly liable for the fines and court costs, unless they warned the authorities of thehad reported offences committed in their village | | 5 | The authorities destroy illegal plantations at the offender's expense | | 6 | Confiscated hemp is destroyed as laid down in an order of 8 May 1899 | | 7 | The ordinance takes effect immediately | ## What stands out Two features of the text stand outvillages. The first is the buy-out: for two weeks the state offeredrule gave chiefs a financial reason to pay growers and holders for what they surrendered. The second isinform the collective liability of chiefsauthorities about cultivation, which made a village chief answerable for offences he did not reportpossession and supply. The ordinance also shows that 1903 was notEnforcement responsibilities therefore extended beyond the first measure. Article 6 relies on an orderperson directly accused of 8 May 1899 that already dealt with destroying confiscated hemp, so some form of seizure existed four years earlier. That order has not been read for this index. Cannabis was by then well established inbreaking the Congo basinprohibition. Explorers had described the Bena Riamba, a movement among the Bashilenge of Kasai built around smoking it, in 1881. ## Why the index moved TheConsumption was added explicitly later A [1903 ordinance1917 amendment](/history/belgian-congo-freeconsumption-stateoffence-hemp-ordinance-19031917/) isexpressly extended the only scored stepprohibition to smoking cannabis and consuming it in the [Democratic Republicany other way. It also required seizure and confiscation of equipment intended or used for consumption. Those additions connected the earlier controls on farmers and suppliers with an explicit offence directed at users. The amended colonial text remained in the legal collections of what became [DR Congo's](/country/cd/) history, fromlong after the unregulated state to original prohibition. It covered possession, cultivation, sale and use in a single text, which is why one step carries the whole fall. A 2021 measure authorised cannabis for medical and scientific purposes under licence without changing the position of people who use it. The country's present total is 9.

model

opusgpt-5.56

sources

Ordinance-law of 22 January 1903, approved 1 March 1903, as amended in 1917 The African Roots of Marijuana Leganet.cd — Ordonnance-loi du 22 janvier 1903, mesures contre l'usage de fumer le chanvre

Datasets 6

Code, design and documents 66 files

README.md +1 −0
@@ -54,4 +54,5 @@ Built with [Astro](https://astro.build). Pushing to `main` deploys to GitHub Pag
 | `src/` | The website: pages, components, styles |
 | `docs/DATA-MAINTENANCE.md` | How the country profiles and the history are checked and extended, and what is still open |
+| `docs/WRITING.md` | How to write history titles, descriptions and articles so they read well |
 | `docs/CULTURE.md` | What belongs in each part of the cultural atlas and how to write an entry |
 | `docs/BOOKS.md`, `docs/books.yaml` | How the research books are read and cited, and the catalogue of what has been read; the books themselves sit in `books/`, which is not in Git |

astro.config.mjs +8 −2
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
 import { defineConfig } from "astro/config";
+import { unified } from "@astrojs/markdown-remark";
 import icon from "astro-icon";
 
@@ -58,5 +59,7 @@ export default defineConfig({
   // inlines the SVG at build time, so only the icons a page uses end up in it.
   integrations: [icon()],
-  markdown: { remarkPlugins: [markdownFigures], rehypePlugins: [markdownLinks] },
+  markdown: {
+    processor: unified({ remarkPlugins: [markdownFigures], rehypePlugins: [markdownLinks] }),
+  },
   // pictures in Markdown get a set of widths, so a phone does not download the 1280-pixel file
   image: { layout: "constrained" },
@@ -64,4 +67,7 @@ export default defineConfig({
   // running dev server has prepared (Fuse, nostr-tools), and its lazy imports would then fail
   // until it is restarted.
-  vite: { cacheDir: process.argv.includes("build") ? "node_modules/.vite-build" : "node_modules/.vite" },
+  vite: {
+    cacheDir: process.argv.includes("build") ? "node_modules/.vite-build" : "node_modules/.vite",
+    server: { watch: { ignored: ["**/tmp/**"] } },
+  },
 });

datasets/datasets.yaml +340 −0
@@ -0,0 +1,340 @@
+# Outside datasets: what each CSV file in this folder is and how to read it. The site reads the
+# files as they are at build time (src/lib/datasets.js); nothing is copied into the country files.
+# A dataset whose file is missing is left out of the site with a warning, so a definition can wait
+# here for its file.
+#
+#   file      the CSV in this folder, published unchanged at /data/datasets/<file>
+#   origin    how the file was made: downloaded as published, or transcribed, and when
+#   original  optional: the publisher's own file, kept and published beside an extract made from it
+#   country   which column names the country, and whether it holds our file names (`by: id`,
+#             "de", "us") or country names (`by: name`, matched to the `name:` of each country
+#             file, ignoring accents and punctuation); `aliases` maps names that differ
+#   year      optional: a column with the year. Only the latest year is used, unless
+#             `keep: all`, which keeps every year as a series
+#   fields    our name for each figure → the column it is read from, its decimals, `type: boolean`
+#             for a column that is "true" or empty or `text`, and `about`, what the site uses it
+#             for, and how it is written on a profile: `format` (number, percent, decimal, rank or
+#             text; `values` names the codes of a text field)
+#   credit    optional: a short name for the publisher, for the profile's Datasets tab
+#   profile   how the dataset reads in the profile's Datasets tab: a `headline` and a line of
+#             `details`, with {field} for a figure ({per} for the rate per `map.per` people).
+#             A part of the details whose figure is missing is left out. For a series, `years`
+#             picks the years listed in the details
+#   rail      true for the few datasets also shown in the profile's side column ("Beyond the
+#             law"); every dataset is listed in the profile's Datasets tab
+#   map       optional: how one field colours the world map, on a view of its own in `group`
+#             (Society by default): `steps` are where each of the five colours starts; `format`
+#             is percent, decimal or rate; `per` divides the field by the country's population
+#             and multiplies by it (100000: per 100,000 people)
+#   pages     optional: the pages that show the dataset, for one with views of its own, and
+#             `also`, words after them
+# Everything shown on the site is never part of the score.
+
+- id: cannabis_use
+  file: unodc-cannabis-use.csv
+  original: unodc-wdr2026-1.2-prevalence-national.xlsx
+  name: Cannabis use
+  publisher: United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC)
+  credit: UNODC
+  title: UNODC — World Drug Report 2026, statistical annex, table 1.2 Prevalence of drug use in the general population, national data
+  url: https://www.unodc.org/unodc/en/data-and-analysis/world-drug-report-2026-annex.html
+  data_url: https://www.unodc.org/documents/data-and-analysis/WDR_2026/Annex/1.2_prevalence_of_drug_use_in_the_general_population_national_data.xlsx
+  data_label: table 1.2, spreadsheet
+  when: national surveys from 1995 to 2024
+  about: >-
+    The share of adults who used cannabis in the past year, from each country's most recent
+    national survey as reported to UNODC, and the number of people that share stands for today.
+    Most surveys ask people aged 15 to 64; where a survey used another age band, the band is
+    given with the figure. Every country and territory on the site has a row.
+  origin: >-
+    Rebuilt on 21 October 2026 by scripts/extract-unodc.py from UNODC's spreadsheet, which is
+    published here unchanged: sheet "Cannabis", the best estimate of the latest survey for each
+    country (a survey period such as 2022/23 counts as its last year). The United Kingdom is
+    represented by England and Wales. Where the table has no figure, `source` says what was used
+    instead: "earlier" keeps the figure this site had before, taken from Wikipedia's list of
+    older UNODC figures; "estimate" is the median of the measured countries in the same region.
+    `users` is the share applied to the population aged 15 to 64 from the World Bank
+    (SP.POP.1564.TO, fetched the same day), to two significant figures; places the World Bank
+    does not list keep the population used before.
+  profile:
+    headline: "{prevalence} of adults"
+    details: "{users} people · survey {period} · ages {ages} · {source}"
+  country: { column: country, by: id }
+  fields:
+    prevalence: { column: prevalence, format: percent, about: "Share of adults: map, rankings, profile" }
+    users: { column: users, about: "Number of users: map, rankings, profile" }
+    year: { column: year, about: "Survey year (the last year of a period), empty for estimates" }
+    period: { column: period, type: text, about: "Survey year or period as UNODC gives it" }
+    ages: { column: ages, type: text, about: "The survey's age band, shown with the figure" }
+    source: { column: source, type: text, about: "wdr2026, earlier or estimate", values: { wdr2026: "UNODC 2026", earlier: "earlier figure, not in UNODC 2026", estimate: "regional estimate, no survey" } }
+    estimate: { column: estimate, type: boolean, about: "Marks a regional estimate (shown with ~)" }
+    population_15_64: { column: population_15_64, about: "What users are worked out from" }
+  pages:
+    - { label: the map of users, path: map/users/ }
+    - { label: the map of the share of adults, path: map/share-of-adults/ }
+    - { label: the map of use against freedom, path: map/use-against-freedom/ }
+    - { label: the rankings, path: "#rankings" }
+  also: and every country profile
+
+- id: population
+  file: population.csv
+  name: Population
+  publisher: Our World in Data and the World Bank
+  credit: Our World in Data, World Bank
+  title: Our World in Data — Population (long-run estimates)
+  url: https://ourworldindata.org/population-sources
+  data_url: https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.TOTL
+  data_label: World Bank — Population, total
+  when: 1900 to 2025
+  about: >-
+    How many people live in each country and territory: a figure every ten years from 1900 to
+    2020 and the latest one. It weights the population-weighted world average, shown beside the
+    plain one, and sorts the rankings by population.
+  origin: >-
+    Compiled for this site on 4 October 2026 and moved into this file on 20 October 2026. For 196
+    countries the figures from 1900 to 2020 are Our World in Data's long-run series and the latest
+    (mostly 2025) is the World Bank's. 23 dependencies and disputed territories have a single
+    recent figure only. Borders are today's. Not a copy of a published file.
+  profile:
+    headline: "{population} people in {year}"
+    years: [1900, 1950, 2000]
+  country: { column: country, by: id }
+  year: { column: year, keep: all }
+  fields:
+    population: { column: population, about: "People living there in that year" }
+  pages:
+    - { label: the world average by population, path: "" }
+    - { label: the population column of the rankings, path: "#rankings" }
+    - { label: research progress weighted by population, path: research/ }
+
+- id: pew_marijuana
+  file: pew-marijuana-morality-2026.csv
+  rail: true
+  origin: >-
+    Transcribed by hand on 20 October 2026 from the "Total" row of each country in the topline
+    PDF (question 17g, "Using marijuana"). The columns are the per cent of adults answering
+    morally acceptable, morally unacceptable, not a moral issue, depends on the situation
+    (volunteered) and don't know or refused, and the number of people asked.
+  name: Is using marijuana morally wrong?
+  publisher: Pew Research Center
+  title: Pew Research Center — In 25-country survey, Americans especially likely to view fellow citizens as morally bad (5 March 2026)
+  url: https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/2026/03/05/in-25-country-survey-americans-especially-likely-to-view-fellow-citizens-as-morally-bad/
+  data_url: https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2026/03/pr_2026.03.05_international-morality_topline.pdf
+  data_label: topline, question 17g
+  when: surveyed January to May 2025
+  about: >-
+    Adults were asked whether using marijuana is morally acceptable, morally unacceptable, or not
+    a moral issue. Nationally representative samples of about 1,000 people or more in each of 25
+    countries.
+  notes:
+    us: In the United States the question said “morally wrong” instead of “morally unacceptable”.
+  profile:
+    headline: "{unacceptable} call it immoral"
+    details: "{acceptable} acceptable · {not_moral} not a moral issue · {sample} people asked"
+  country: { column: country, by: id }
+  fields:
+    unacceptable: { column: unacceptable, format: percent }
+    acceptable: { column: acceptable, format: percent }
+    not_moral: { column: not_moral, format: percent }
+    depends: { column: depends, format: percent }
+    unsure: { column: unsure, format: percent }
+    sample: { column: n }
+  map:
+    field: unacceptable
+    format: percent
+    slug: marijuana-morality
+    label: Says marijuana is immoral
+    missing: Not among the 25 countries Pew surveyed
+    steps: [[0, "Under 20%"], [20, "20–35%"], [35, "35–50%"], [50, "50–70%"], [70, "70% or more"]]
+    title: Is using marijuana morally wrong? Views in 25 countries
+    lede: >-
+      The share of adults who say using marijuana is morally unacceptable, from Pew Research
+      Center's 2025 survey of 25 countries. The stronger the blue, the more people disapprove.
+    sub: >-
+      The stronger the blue, the more adults say using marijuana is morally unacceptable. Only 25
+      countries were surveyed; the rest are hatched.
+    note: >-
+      Pew Research Center, 2025 survey of 25 countries, published March 2026. Moral views are shown
+      for context and are not part of the score.
+
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docs/DATA-MAINTENANCE.md +101 −5
@@ -300,5 +300,6 @@ How to decide:
 
 A law that changes seed or clone rules goes into `changes.yaml` as a context entry (category
-`other`, or `easing` / `tightening` when it clearly is one), with no `before`.
+`hemp`, or `easing` / `tightening` when it clearly changes what a cannabis user may do), with no
+`before`, tagged `seeds`.
 
 `node scripts/data-status.cjs planting` shows which profiles have the section and lists the rest by
@@ -313,9 +314,61 @@ The history also covers cannabis cultivation, food, fibre, medicine, trade, scie
 art and everyday culture. Do not limit research to bans and legal reform. Record a
 dated publication, excavation report or other event in `changes.yaml`, normally as
-unscored `other`; recurring practices belong in the cultural atlas as described in
+unscored `culture`; recurring practices belong in the cultural atlas as described in
 [CULTURE.md](CULTURE.md). Keep the date of a modern discovery separate from the age
 of the evidence it describes. Do not infer intoxication from every seed or textile,
 or present historical therapeutic claims as established efficacy.
 
+## Outside datasets
+
+Figures from other organisations' datasets stay in their own files in `/datasets`, as CSV,
+and are read at build time; nothing is copied into the country files. They are shown in the
+profile's rail ("Beyond the law"), get a view of their own on the world map (the Society
+group) and are never part of the score.
+
+- `datasets/datasets.yaml` defines each dataset: its file, source and citation, which column
+  names the country (by our file name or by country name, with aliases for names that
+  differ), an optional year column (only the latest year is used), the fields to read and
+  how one of them colours the map. The format is described at the top of that file and
+  checked by `src/content.config.ts`; the reading is done by `src/lib/datasets.js`.
+- Every file and `datasets.yaml` itself are published unchanged at `/data/datasets/<file>`
+  and described on the sources page (`/sources/#datasets`): publisher, coverage, size, rows,
+  SHA-256, the columns used and `origin`, which must say honestly how the file was made
+  (downloaded as published, or transcribed, and on what date). These files keep their
+  publishers' terms, not the site's CC BY licence.
+- A dataset whose file is missing is left out with a warning. Country names that match no
+  country file are listed in the build output: add an alias in `datasets.yaml`.
+- To update a dataset, replace its CSV with the new edition (and the file name and
+  citation in `datasets.yaml` if they change).
+- `unodc-cannabis-use.csv`: cannabis use for every country (share of adults, survey year or
+  period, age band, number of users). Rebuilt by `python3 scripts/extract-unodc.py use` from
+  the UNODC spreadsheet kept beside it (`unodc-wdr2026-1.2-prevalence-national.xlsx`, World
+  Drug Report 2026 annex, table 1.2), with the World Bank's population aged 15–64 fetched when
+  it runs. `source` says where each row comes from: `wdr2026`, `earlier` (a figure the table
+  lacks, kept from Wikipedia's list of older UNODC figures) or `estimate` (regional median). It
+  feeds the Use views of the map, the rankings and the profiles, so every country file needs a
+  row; the build stops if one is missing. A new country gets one when the script runs again.
+- `unodc-cannabis-use-youth.csv`: past-year cannabis use among 15- and 16-year-olds, from
+  `python3 scripts/extract-unodc.py youth` and the UNODC spreadsheet beside it
+  (`unodc-wdr2026-1.4-prevalence-youth.xlsx`, table 1.4). Only that age group is kept, so that
+  countries compare; countries reporting other bands (Germany, France, Spain) are left out.
+- `population.csv`: population by year for every country (`country,year,population`), a figure
+  every ten years from 1900 to 2020 and the latest one. It weights the population-weighted
+  average and is read by `scripts/article-backlog.cjs` and `scripts/data-status.cjs`; every
+  country needs at least one row.
+- `unodc-drug-possession-police.csv`: people brought into contact with the police for drug use
+  or possession (all drugs), extracted by `python3 scripts/extract-unodc.py offences` from the
+  UNODC spreadsheet kept beside it (`unodc-wdr2026-10.1-drug-related-crimes.xlsx`, World Drug
+  Report 2026 annex, table 10.1). For a new edition, replace the spreadsheet, update `original`,
+  `title` and `data_url` in `datasets.yaml`, and run the script again. Shown per 100,000
+  people (`map.per`), using the latest population.
+- `pew-marijuana-morality-2026.csv`: Pew Research Center, "Using marijuana" (Q17g), the
+  "Total" rows of the 2026 international morality topline, transcribed by hand.
+- `hfi-2025.csv`: Human Freedom Index 2025 (Cato and Fraser Institutes), the official CSV
+  as downloaded. Both sites block scripted downloads, so it has to be saved from a browser.
+
+To add a dataset: put its CSV in `/datasets` and add a definition to `datasets.yaml`; the map
+view follows from that. The profile block is written for each dataset in
+`src/components/CountryDatasets.astro`.
+
 ## How a history entry works
 
@@ -323,9 +376,11 @@ or present historical therapeutic claims as established efficacy.
 - id: tunisia-law-52-amended-2017     # also the page address; never reuse or rename lightly
   date: "2017-04-25"                  # YYYY-MM-DD, YYYY-MM or YYYY, as precise as the source
-  category: easing                    # ban tightening death easing legalisation medical debate international other
+  category: easing                    # see "Choosing the category" below
+  tags: [court]                       # optional; keys of CHANGE_TAGS in src/lib/segment-ids.js
   country: tn                         # omit for international entries
+  subunit: on                         # optional, in a federation: the state or province it is about
   title: Tunisia gives judges discretion in drug cases
   description: >-
-    One to three sentences. Only what the source states.
+    Two to four sentences. Only what the source states. How to write it: docs/WRITING.md.
   before: {possession: 0, cultivation: 0, enforcement: 0, sharing: 0, consumption: 1, access: 0}
   checked: true                       # only when the source was opened and read
@@ -358,4 +413,45 @@ rather than dead links and have no Internet Archive copy. Price observations rem
 still require a URL.
 
+### Choosing the category
+
+Every entry has exactly one `category`. Go down this list and take the **first** that fits:
+
+1. **`death`**: the death penalty for cannabis is introduced, used, limited or removed.
+2. **`legalisation`**: possession, growing or sales become legal for adults.
+3. **`ban`**: cannabis is restricted for the first time, or banned again after being legal.
+4. **`medical`**: medical cannabis is allowed, widened, narrowed or refused, including
+   cannabis medicines such as Sativex or dronabinol.
+5. **`tightening`** / **`easing`**: a law, decree or ruling makes things harsher or milder for
+   people who use, grow or sell cannabis (penalties, offences, thresholds, a ruling that
+   protects users). A court ruling goes here when it changes how the law is applied.
+6. **`hemp`**: fibre and food hemp, CBD and low-THC products, and seeds: their rules and their
+   industry, when they do not change what a cannabis user may do. A hemp flower ban that closes
+   shops is `tightening`. Hemp in old texts and traditions is `culture`, tagged `hemp`.
+7. **`international`**: treaties, a country joining or leaving one (tag `ratification`), and
+   decisions of UN or other international bodies.
+8. **`debate`**: a bill, report, commission, campaign, referendum petition or vote, or a court
+   refusing to rule, that changed no rule by itself.
+9. **`enforcement`**: raids, seizures, arrests, crackdowns, a single case or sentence,
+   statistics on arrests: how a law was applied, without a change in the law.
+10. **`culture`**: traditions, trade, markets, fairs, books, research, discoveries, patents,
+    surveys of use, and organisations that are not campaigns.
+11. **`other`**: a law or ruling that does not clearly make things harsher or milder: a new code
+    that keeps the same rules, a change of the responsible authority, or a mixed reform.
+
+Steps 1 to 6 are for rules that actually changed. A bill, plan, draft or promise about any of
+them is `debate` until it is passed.
+
+`other` is the last resort, not the default. Topics that cut across categories (a court, a
+referendum, home growing, religion, colonial rule) go in `tags`, not in the category.
+
+### States and provinces
+
+In the United States, Canada and Australia, set `subunit` when an entry is about one state,
+province or territory: its own law, court ruling, ballot vote, regulator, programme or a case
+tried there. Leave it out for federal law, national bodies and courts (a US Supreme Court ruling
+on a case from one state is still federal), and for events that span several states. The entry
+keeps its `country`, and a `before` on it is still about the national score. It is listed on the
+country's History tab, labelled with its state, and on the state's own page.
+
 - **`before`** is the six scores *before* the event. The scores after it are the `before` of the
   same country's next scored entry, or the country's current scores. So the chain must be
@@ -755,5 +851,5 @@ The story in Markdown: paragraphs, `## Subheadings`, `> quotes`, lists, links an
 ```
 
-Rules: write only what the listed sources say. Keep it compact: about 350 to 500 words, a short
+Rules: write only what the listed sources say, in plain words for a reader who is not a lawyer (`docs/WRITING.md`). Keep it compact: about 350 to 500 words, a short
 opening, three to five short sections and at most one small table. Side events belong in their
 own `changes.yaml` entries, linked from the article, not narrated in it. A picture is optional and most articles should

docs/WRITING.md +140 −0
@@ -0,0 +1,140 @@
+# Writing history entries and articles
+
+How to write the `title` and `description` of a `changes.yaml` entry and the text of an
+article in `articles/`. The facts rules in `docs/DATA-MAINTENANCE.md` still apply: write only
+what the sources say. This guide is about making that readable.
+
+The reader is someone curious about cannabis law, not a lawyer. After reading they should know
+**what changed for people who use, grow or sell cannabis, and why it happened.** Law numbers,
+filing dates and court procedure are there to let someone check the claim; they are not the story.
+
+## Common problems
+
+These turn up again and again, in GPT-written text most of all:
+
+- **The document comes first.** "In judgment 170/1982, filed on 26 October after decision on
+  19 October, the Constitutional Court rejected…" The reader has to get past three facts before
+  learning what happened.
+- **Procedure takes the place of meaning.** Referring courts, operative orders, admissibility,
+  amendment points, paragraph numbers.
+- **Disclaimers.** "This is a rollout milestone, not a new adult-use law." "The result should not
+  be described as…" "The discussion establishes an implementation bottleneck, not…" Saying what
+  something is *not* is the model protecting itself. Say what it is. Caveats about the sources go
+  in `docs/research/`.
+- **No people and no context.** Nothing about who was arrested, who could now buy, who campaigned, or what was going on in the country at the time.
+- **No before and after.** The event stands alone, with no link to what led to it or what came next.
+
+## Context around the event
+
+An event makes sense only with what surrounded it, so mention the important context. It is
+part of the story, not padding, and it belongs in descriptions as well as articles:
+
+- **What led to it:** the law or ruling it replaced, a court case or arrest that started it, a
+  campaign, a scandal, a change of government, pressure from a treaty or another country.
+- **Who was behind it and who opposed it:** the minister, party, court, campaigners or patients
+  who pushed for it, and the arguments on each side.
+- **What it meant in practice:** how many people were arrested, jailed, registered or served;
+  how strictly it was enforced; how it compared with neighbouring countries or the world at the
+  time.
+- **What came next:** whether it was repealed, challenged, copied elsewhere or ignored.
+
+Take this context from the sources, the country's other entries or its profile, and link the
+entries it refers to. Never fill it in from memory. If a source gives none, look for one that
+does before writing the entry flat; if none turns up, say less rather than guess.
+
+## Titles
+
+- Say **what changed, for whom**, with a plain active verb: *bans*, *legalises*, *jails*,
+  *raises the penalty*, *lets patients*, *blocks*.
+- Start with the country or place, as now. Under about 80 characters.
+- **No law, judgment, article or section numbers**, and no official names in quotation marks
+  unless the name is itself famous (the Marihuana Tax Act, the Opium Law).
+- Name the institution plainly: "Italy's top court", "parliament", "the government".
+- Context entries that move no score still need a point.
+
+| Instead of | Write |
+|---|---|
+| Italy's Constitutional Court upholds penalties for cannabis beyond a modest quantity | Italy's top court keeps punishing users with more than a "modest quantity" like dealers |
+| Nebraska's medical cannabis growers face an unfinished route to patient sales | Nebraska's licensed growers told to store their harvest for up to two years |
+
+## Descriptions (`changes.yaml`)
+
+Two to four sentences, in this order:
+
+1. **The change in everyday terms.** What a person could or could not do afterwards, or what
+   now happens to them. Give the penalty, the amount, the date it took effect.
+2. **Why, or how it came about,** when the source says: a court case, a referendum, a scandal,
+   a treaty, pressure from abroad.
+3. **The important context** (see above), in a sentence or two: what it replaced, what was
+   happening at the time, or what came next. This can come from the country's other entries or
+   its profile, which are already sourced; it must never come from memory.
+4. **The formal name or number,** at most once, and at the end or in the source title. Often it
+   is not needed at all, because the source title already carries it.
+
+Leave out: filing dates next to decision dates (keep the one that matters, usually when the rule
+took effect), procedural outcomes the reader cannot use, and every "not a / rather than"
+sentence. If the reader could really mistake the event for something bigger, say what it is
+precisely: "Kentucky has medical cannabis only; buying for adult use remains illegal" is a fact,
+"this is not a new adult-use law" is a disclaimer.
+
+Before:
+
+> In judgment 170/1982, filed on 26 October after decision on 19 October, the Constitutional
+> Court rejected equality challenges to punishment for possessing more than a modest quantity
+> for personal use, including cannabis. It also upheld the exclusion of small imports from the
+> modest-quantity exception. A challenge to the undefined quantity term was inadmissible because
+> the referring court had not specified the requested outcome. The judgment preserved the
+> existing law rather than imposing a new ban.
+
+After:
+
+> Italy's Constitutional Court rejected several challenges to the 1975 drug law. People found
+> with more than a "modest quantity" could still be punished like dealers, even if the cannabis
+> was only for themselves, because the court said a stock could always be sold on. It refused to
+> treat cannabis more leniently than other drugs or to compare it with alcohol, leaving that to
+> parliament. How much counted as "modest" stayed undefined.
+
+## Articles (`articles/`)
+
+Still 350 to 500 words, three to five short sections, at most one small table. A good order:
+
+1. **Opening paragraph (no heading):** what happened and what it meant for people, in two or
+   three sentences. Someone who reads only this should have the story.
+2. **Background:** the situation before, and why this came up then: the politics, the people
+   and the debate around it (see "Context around the event"). Link the earlier entry.
+3. **What the law or ruling did:** the substance in plain words. Explain each legal term the
+   first time, in a few words ("a referendum to repeal parts of the law", not "an abrogative
+   referendum"). One short quotation from the text can show its tone better than a paraphrase.
+4. **Who was affected / how it was applied,** when the sources say: arrests, prosecutions,
+   sales, patients, reactions.
+5. **What happened next:** link the later entries and the country profile (`/country/it/`).
+
+Section headings say something: "Holding a stock counted as dealing", not "Legal reasoning".
+
+Numbers belong in the article only when they mean something to the reader: a sentence length,
+a gram limit, a count of arrests. Law and judgment numbers appear once, if at all. Several
+procedural details (dates of filing, referral, publication) can go into the one small table, or
+stay in the sources' `locator`.
+
+Do not end on a disclaimer ("These statements supply neither a modern assessment nor…"). End on
+what came next, or on what the event meant.
+
+## Words to avoid
+
+| Avoid | Use |
+|---|---|
+| referring court, the referral | the court in Rome asked… |
+| operative order, operative part | the ruling, the decision |
+| declared inadmissible | refused to rule on, threw out |
+| the instrument, the measure, the framework | the law, the decree, the rules |
+| establishes, constitutes | shows, is |
+| the provision | the rule, or say what it does |
+| filed on … after decision on … | one date |
+| subsequently, thereby, in respect of | then, so, about |
+| not a …, rather than … (as a disclaimer) | say what it is |
+
+## Checking a draft
+
+Read the title and the first sentence alone. Do they say what changed for people? Then check
+that every sentence is still backed by a source, because plainer words must not mean bolder
+claims: "punished like dealers" is fine only if the source says the same penalty applies.

docs/research/cannabis-use-unodc-2026-10-21.md +167 −0
@@ -0,0 +1,167 @@
+# Cannabis use rebuilt from UNODC World Drug Report 2026, table 1.2 (21 October 2026)
+
+`datasets/unodc-cannabis-use.csv` was rebuilt by `python3 scripts/extract-unodc.py use` from
+`datasets/unodc-wdr2026-1.2-prevalence-national.xlsx`, replacing figures taken from Wikipedia's
+list of annual cannabis use. Users are now the share applied to the World Bank's population
+aged 15–64 (SP.POP.1564.TO, latest year). Below: every country whose share or survey year changed.
+
+- 124 countries now come from the UNODC table, 33 keep an earlier figure the table lacks, 62 are regional estimates (65 before).
+- Where the table's latest survey is older than the year Wikipedia gave (Zambia, Madagascar, Belize), the table is followed: Wikipedia's years for these do not match any survey in the table.
+
+## Measured figures that changed (70)
+
+| Country | Before | Year | After | Survey | Age band | Users before | Users after |
+|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
+| Nigeria | 19.4% | 2019 | 10.76% | 2017 | 15–64 | 26,000,000 | 14,000,000 |
+| South Africa | 3.65% | 2011 | 11.22% | 2017 | 15–64 | 1,600,000 | 4,900,000 |
+| Canada | 27% | 2022 | 32.4% | 2023 | 15+ | 7,300,000 | 8,700,000 |
+| Zambia | 14.8% | 2019 | 9.5% | 2004 | 15–64 | 1,800,000 | 1,200,000 |
+| Madagascar | 14.2% | 2019 | 9.1% | 2004 | 15–64 | 2,700,000 | 1,700,000 |
+| United States | 21.9% | 2020 | 26.38% | 2023 | 15–64 | 48,000,000 | 58,000,000 |
+| Bulgaria | 2.4% | 2020 | 6.7% | 2024 | 15–64 | 98,000 | 270,000 |
+| Belize | 12.7% | 2019 | 8.45% | 2005 | 12–65 | 37,000 | 24,000 |
+| Brazil | 2.81% | 2012 | 6% | 2023 | 14+ | 4,100,000 | 8,800,000 |
+| Portugal | 5.1% | 2020 | 2.8% | 2022 | 15–64 | 340,000 | 190,000 |
+| Uruguay | 14.6% | 2018 | 12.3% | 2024 | 15–64 | 330,000 | 270,000 |
+| Argentina | 8.13% | 2017 | 10.3% | 2022 | 16–75 | 2,500,000 | 3,100,000 |
+| Spain | 10.5% | 2020 | 12.6% | 2024 | 15–64 | 3,400,000 | 4,100,000 |
+| Cyprus | 4% | 2020 | 6% | 2022 | 15–64 | 38,000 | 57,000 |
+| Thailand | 1.33% | 2019 | 3.25% | 2024 | 12–65 | 660,000 | 1,600,000 |
+| Poland | 3.8% | 2020 | 5.7% | 2023 | 15–64 | 900,000 | 1,300,000 |
+| Germany | 7.1% | 2020 | 8.8% | 2021 | 18–64 | 3,700,000 | 4,600,000 |
+| Czechia | 11.1% | 2020 | 9.4% | 2023 | 15–64 | 770,000 | 650,000 |
+| Slovakia | 3.8% | 2020 | 5.4% | 2023 | 15–64 | 130,000 | 190,000 |
+| Lithuania | 2.7% | 2020 | 4.3% | 2021 | 15–64 | 51,000 | 80,000 |
+| Costa Rica | 5.18% | 2015 | 6.76% | 2022 | 15–64 | 180,000 | 240,000 |
+| Switzerland | 9.09% | 2016 | 7.6% | 2022 | 15–64 | 530,000 | 450,000 |
+| Chile | 12.05% | 2020 | 10.64% | 2024 | 15–64 | 1,600,000 | 1,500,000 |
+| Egypt | 5.31% | 2016 | 3.9% | 2019 | 15–64 | 4,000,000 | 2,900,000 |
+| Croatia | 10.2% | 2020 | 8.8% | 2023 | 15–64 | 250,000 | 210,000 |
+| Hungary | 1.3% | 2020 | 2.6% | 2023 | 18–64 | 80,000 | 160,000 |
+| Georgia | 3.4% | 2015 | 4.6% | 2022 | 18–64 | 85,000 | 120,000 |
+| Jamaica | 18% | 2016 | 19.2% | 2023 | 15–64 | 370,000 | 400,000 |
+| Netherlands | 10.1% | 2020 | 8.9% | 2024 | 15–64 | 1,200,000 | 1,000,000 |
+| Romania | 3.5% | 2020 | 2.4% | 2024 | 15–64 | 430,000 | 290,000 |
+| Bolivia | 2.19% | 2018 | 1.1% | 2023 | 12–65 | 180,000 | 90,000 |
+| Estonia | 6.6% | 2020 | 5.6% | 2023 | 16–64 | 57,000 | 48,000 |
+| New Zealand | 15% | 2020 | 14.1% | 2024/25 | 15+ | 520,000 | 480,000 |
+| Kenya | 1.2% | 2016 | 2.1% | 2022 | 15–65 | 420,000 | 730,000 |
+| Singapore | 0.004% | 2004 | 0.81% | 2021/22 | 15–65 | 180 | 37,000 |
+| Finland | 8.2% | 2020 | 9% | 2022 | 15–64 | 280,000 | 310,000 |
+| Italy | 10.2% | 2020 | 10.8% | 2022 | 18–64 | 3,800,000 | 4,000,000 |
+| United Kingdom | 7.1% | 2020 | 6.5% | 2024 | 16–59 | 3,100,000 | 2,900,000 |
+| Slovenia | 5.9% | 2020 | 5.4% | 2023 | 15–64 | 80,000 | 73,000 |
+| Sweden | 3.8% | 2020 | 3.3% | 2024 | 16–64 | 250,000 | 220,000 |
+| India | 3.2% | 2020 | 2.83% | 2018 | 10–75 | 32,000,000 | 28,000,000 |
+| Ireland | 7.1% | 2020 | 7.4% | 2023 | 15–64 | 260,000 | 270,000 |
+| Denmark | 6.3% | 2020 | 6.6% | 2023 | 16–64 | 240,000 | 250,000 |
+| Malaysia | 1.6% | 2003 | 1.4% | 2020/21 | 15–64 | 410,000 | 360,000 |
+| Serbia | 2% | 2018 | 2.2% | 2023 | 18–64 | 82,000 | 90,000 |
+| Bangladesh | 3.3% | 2004 | 3.1% | 2018 | 7+ | 3,800,000 | 3,600,000 |
+| France | 11% | 2020 | 10.8% | 2023 | 18–64 | 4,600,000 | 4,500,000 |
+| Venezuela | 1.56% | 2011 | 1.41% | 2022 | 12–65 | 290,000 | 260,000 |
+| Philippines | 1.64% | 2016 | 1.49% | 2019 | 15–64 | 1,300,000 | 1,200,000 |
+| Japan | 0.1% | 2019 | 0.23% | 2023 | 15–64 | 72,000 | 170,000 |
+| Lebanon | 1.9% | 2009 | 2% | 2009 | 15–64 | 71,000 | 75,000 |
+| Australia | 11.6% | 2019 | 11.5% | 2022/23 | 14+ | 2,100,000 | 2,000,000 |
+| Norway | 7% | 2024 | 6.9% | 2024 | 16–64 | 260,000 | 250,000 |
+| Sri Lanka | 1.9% | 2018 | 1.98% | 2019 | 14+ | 270,000 | 280,000 |
+| Algeria | 0.52% | 2010 | 0.59% | 2010 | 12+ | 160,000 | 180,000 |
+| United Arab Emirates | 5.4% | 2006 | 5.35% | 2006 | 15–64 | 510,000 | 510,000 |
+| Myanmar | 0.9% | 2005 | 0.94% | 2005 | 15–64 | 340,000 | 350,000 |
+| Belarus | 1.1% | 2007 | 1.07% | 2007 | 15–64 | 66,000 | 64,000 |
+| Nicaragua | 1.1% | 2006 | 1.07% | 2006 | 12–65 | 51,000 | 49,000 |
+| Honduras | 0.8% | 2005 | 0.83% | 2005 | 12–65 | 57,000 | 60,000 |
+| Laos | 0.9% | 2008 | 0.88% | 2008 | 15–64 | 46,000 | 45,000 |
+| Fiji | 5.1% | 2004 | 5.08% | 2004 | 15–64 | 32,000 | 32,000 |
+| Afghanistan | 3.81% | 2015 | 3.8% | 2015 | 15+ | 920,000 | 920,000 |
+| South Korea | 0.3% | 2004 | 0.29% | 2004 | 15–64 | 110,000 | 100,000 |
+| Türkiye | 1.1% | 2020 | 1.11% | 2018 | 15–64 | 650,000 | 650,000 |
+| Russia | 3.5% | 2007 | 3.49% | 2007 | 15–64 | 3,300,000 | 3,300,000 |
+| Belgium | 7% | 2020 | 7% | 2018 | 15–64 | 530,000 | 530,000 |
+| Greece | 2.8% | 2020 | 2.8% | 2015 | 18–64 | 180,000 | 180,000 |
+| Luxembourg | 5.4% | 2020 | 5.4% | 2019 | 15–64 | 25,000 | 25,000 |
+| Malta | 0.9% | 2020 | 0.9% | 2013 | 15–64 | 3,500 | 3,500 |
+
+## Estimates replaced by a survey (3)
+
+| Country | Estimate before | After | Survey | Age band |
+|---|---|---|---|---|
+| Bermuda | 4.98% | 10.9% | 2009 | 16–65 |
+| Macau | 1.9% | 0.26% | 2019-2021 | 12–92 |
+| Puerto Rico | 4.98% | 4.88% | 2005 | 15–64 |
+
+## Regional estimates that moved (62)
+
+The medians are now taken over the new measured figures.
+
+| Country | Before | After |
+|---|---|---|
+| Abkhazia | 1.9% | 2% |
+| Aruba | 4.98% | 7.1% |
+| Bahrain | 1.9% | 2% |
+| Benin | 3.1% | 3.07% |
+| Botswana | 3.1% | 3.07% |
+| British Virgin Islands | 4.98% | 7.1% |
+| Burundi | 3.1% | 3.07% |
+| Cameroon | 3.1% | 3.07% |
+| Cayman Islands | 4.98% | 7.1% |
+| Central African Republic | 3.1% | 3.07% |
+| Congo | 3.1% | 3.07% |
+| Cuba | 6.1% | 7.1% |
+| Curaçao | 4.98% | 7.1% |
+| DR Congo | 3.1% | 3.07% |
+| Djibouti | 3.1% | 3.07% |
+| Equatorial Guinea | 3.1% | 3.07% |
+| Eritrea | 3.1% | 3.07% |
+| Eswatini | 3.1% | 3.07% |
+| Faroe Islands | 5.7% | 5.75% |
+| French Polynesia | 11.6% | 11.5% |
+| Gabon | 3.1% | 3.07% |
+| Gambia | 3.1% | 3.07% |
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