Datasets Law · not part of the score
Offences for cannabis use or possession
European Union Drugs Agency (EUDA) · 2007 to 2024
How often the police record someone for using or carrying cannabis is the plainest measure of how a law is enforced. The European Union Drugs Agency publishes these offences for cannabis alone, separate from dealing and growing for sale.[1] Per 100,000 people, Spain records the most, about 596 in 2024, followed by Belgium and Austria; Malta, which legalised in 2021, records almost none. In Spain, having or using drugs in public is punished with a fine of at least €601 under its public safety law of 2015, not as a crime.
An offence is not a conviction, and countries count offences or offenders and define them differently, so a country is best compared with itself over time.[1] The chart of who is punished follows the series, and each profile’s arrests and prisoners section explains what an offence leads to there. Outside Europe, the nearest figure is UNODC’s police contact for drug possession.
- File here
- euda-cannabis-use-offences.csv
- of 220 places covered
- 23
- years in the file
- 2007–2024
- the median country
- 74
- places with several years
- 23
Cannabis offences (Europe), on the map
The stronger the blue, the more cannabis use or possession offences per 100,000 people. Countries count differently; those without a report since 2020 are hatched. Select a country for its profile.
19,672 offences in 2023 · cannabis only · use or possession, not dealing
34,294 offences in 2024 · cannabis only · use or possession, not dealing
3,465 offences in 2014 · cannabis only · use or possession, not dealing
5,874 offences in 2024 · cannabis only · use or possession, not dealing
602 offences in 2024 · cannabis only · use or possession, not dealing
7,688 offences in 2024 · cannabis only · use or possession, not dealing
122,439 offences in 2010 · cannabis only · use or possession, not dealing
61,670 offences in 2024 · cannabis only · use or possession, not dealing
8,359 offences in 2024 · cannabis only · use or possession, not dealing
3,266 offences in 2024 · cannabis only · use or possession, not dealing
27,503 offences in 2024 · cannabis only · use or possession, not dealing
187 offences in 2016 · cannabis only · use or possession, not dealing
682 offences in 2024 · cannabis only · use or possession, not dealing
880 offences in 2024 · cannabis only · use or possession, not dealing
1 offences in 2024 · cannabis only · use or possession, not dealing
2,413 offences in 2008 · cannabis only · use or possession, not dealing
40,949 offences in 2012 · cannabis only · use or possession, not dealing
6,637 offences in 2024 · cannabis only · use or possession, not dealing
235 offences in 2024 · cannabis only · use or possession, not dealing
2,733 offences in 2024 · cannabis only · use or possession, not dealing
294,071 offences in 2024 · cannabis only · use or possession, not dealing
83,744 offences in 2024 · cannabis only · use or possession, not dealing
34,285 offences in 2017 · cannabis only · use or possession, not dealing
EUDA Statistical Bulletin 2026, table DLO-03-2-0: cannabis use offences, latest year since 2020, per 100,000 people. Not part of the score.
Country by country
Each place's latest figure, as on its profile. Select a heading to sort.
| Further figures | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| AustriaEurope | 214per 100,000 people | 19,672 offences in 2023 · cannabis only · use or possession, not dealing | 2023 |
| BelgiumEurope | 287per 100,000 people | 34,294 offences in 2024 · cannabis only · use or possession, not dealing | 2024 |
| BulgariaEurope | 54per 100,000 people | 3,465 offences in 2014 · cannabis only · use or possession, not dealing | 2014 |
| CroatiaEurope | 152per 100,000 people | 5,874 offences in 2024 · cannabis only · use or possession, not dealing | 2024 |
| CyprusEurope | 44per 100,000 people | 602 offences in 2024 · cannabis only · use or possession, not dealing | 2024 |
| CzechiaEurope | 71per 100,000 people | 7,688 offences in 2024 · cannabis only · use or possession, not dealing | 2024 |
| FranceEurope | 178per 100,000 people | 122,439 offences in 2010 · cannabis only · use or possession, not dealing | 2010 |
| GermanyEurope | 74per 100,000 people | 61,670 offences in 2024 · cannabis only · use or possession, not dealing | 2024 |
| GreeceEurope | 80per 100,000 people | 8,359 offences in 2024 · cannabis only · use or possession, not dealing | 2024 |
| HungaryEurope | 34per 100,000 people | 3,266 offences in 2024 · cannabis only · use or possession, not dealing | 2024 |
| ItalyEurope | 47per 100,000 people | 27,503 offences in 2024 · cannabis only · use or possession, not dealing | 2024 |
| LatviaEurope | 10per 100,000 people | 187 offences in 2016 · cannabis only · use or possession, not dealing | 2016 |
| LithuaniaEurope | 24per 100,000 people | 682 offences in 2024 · cannabis only · use or possession, not dealing | 2024 |
| LuxembourgEurope | 128per 100,000 people | 880 offences in 2024 · cannabis only · use or possession, not dealing | 2024 |
| MaltaEurope | 0.2per 100,000 people | 1 offences in 2024 · cannabis only · use or possession, not dealing | 2024 |
| NetherlandsEurope | 13per 100,000 people | 2,413 offences in 2008 · cannabis only · use or possession, not dealing | 2008 |
| PolandEurope | 112per 100,000 people | 40,949 offences in 2012 · cannabis only · use or possession, not dealing | 2012 |
| PortugalEurope | 61per 100,000 people | 6,637 offences in 2024 · cannabis only · use or possession, not dealing | 2024 |
| SlovakiaEurope | 4.3per 100,000 people | 235 offences in 2024 · cannabis only · use or possession, not dealing | 2024 |
| SloveniaEurope | 128per 100,000 people | 2,733 offences in 2024 · cannabis only · use or possession, not dealing | 2024 |
| SpainEurope | 596per 100,000 people | 294,071 offences in 2024 · cannabis only · use or possession, not dealing | 2024 |
| TürkiyeAsia | 98per 100,000 people | 83,744 offences in 2024 · cannabis only · use or possession, not dealing | 2024 |
| United KingdomEurope | 49per 100,000 people | 34,285 offences in 2017 · cannabis only · use or possession, not dealing | 2017 |
What is counted, and how the file was made
Offences of using cannabis or possessing it for one's own use that the police record each year, as European countries report them to the EUDA ("drug law offences, cannabis, use"): cannabis alone, unlike UNODC's figures for all drugs, and not offences of supply such as dealing, trafficking or growing for sale. An offence is not a conviction: depending on the country it may end in a fine, a caution, a referral to treatment or a criminal case. Countries record offences or offenders, and define them, in different ways, so compare a country with itself over time rather than with its neighbours. The EUDA notes that Slovenia counted only use-related offences in 2023, that Portugal's figures for 2017 to 2021 lack one police force, and that Greece's include all cannabis products since 2018. Shown per 100,000 people using today's population.
The EUDA's site refuses scripted downloads, so the table was read in a browser on 21 October 2026 from its data service (the XML behind the table) and saved unchanged; its SHA-256 was checked against the browser's copy. scripts/extract-euda.py (cannabis_offences) turns it into one row per country and year with a figure.
The file belongs to EUDA and keeps its terms; cite the publisher when you use it.