Correct product penalties and patient exceptions in bug reports 160–179

From 20 August 2026 the ordinary drug-use fixed fine for illicit use of a scheduled drug is €500, orreduced to €400 if paid within 15 daysfor prompt payment and increased to €1,000 if the fine is increasedfor late payment. A court that convicts someone of that offence, or of the offence in article L3421-6, mayconviction can also suspend abring up to three years’ suspension of driving licence or a powered-boat licence for up to three yearslicences. The[@1,2] Ordinary use retains its one-year prison sentence and the /€3,750 fine remain available. Law 2026maximum; qualifying public-798 was published on 19 August 2026service or transport-safety use has a separate five-year/€75, and000 maximum outside the code article is in force from the next dayordinary fine procedure.[@1,3]

French government Service Public — drug-use penalties, verified 21 August 2026 2 unchanged

Vietnam makes repeatcriminalises drug use a crime againin specified rehabilitation-related situations

Law 86/From 1 July 2025/QH15, passed on 25 June 2025, added Article 256a to the Criminal Code. People who useusing drugs while in or recently out ofspecified rehabilitation, or during the onepost-year management period that follows a first detection, facerehabilitation situations carries two to three years in prison, andor three to five for a repeatrecidivism of that offence. AThe rule includes people within two years after post-rehabilitation management ends only when they are also under illicit-user management. Ordinary first-detection stays an administrative mattermonitoring alone does not meet these conditions. The same law removed the death penalty for transporting drugs.[@1]

Vietnam State Audit Office — Law 86/2025/QH15 and Article 256a explanation LuatVietnam — Tội sử dụng ma túy phải chịu trách nhiệm hình sự như thế nào từ 01/7/2025?

A regulation in force from 15 October let doctors prescribe medicines containing THC for m … specialist recommends, the family doctor writes the prescription, for at most 30 days and 07.755 g of THC.[@2] The health minister, Siniša Varga, promised products within weeks. A patients' association called it a hollow regulation made for the elections, and a wholesaler expected a month's therapy to cost up to 800 euros.[@1]

Croatian Ministry of Health — NN 107/2015 prescribing amendment MJBizDaily — Croatia legalizes medical cannabis sales Wikipedia — Cannabis in Croatia 1 unchanged

At 1.5 micrograms of THC per litre of blood, the driving rules treat the substance as dete … o impair every driver.[@drive] The Federal Supreme Court upheld the rule in 2021.[@drive] A driver who proves the substance was taken according to a physician’s prescription is exempt from the automatic finding based on detection alone. Actual unfitness still prohibits driving and requires assessment in the individual case.[@vrv]

drive, vrv

Swiss Traffic Rules Ordinance — article 2(1), (2) and (2ter) 13 unchanged

Any amount means prison: at least six months forPersonal possession of up to 20 g, of marijuana can mean six months to two years in prison. An intent to distribute or sell can mean three to ten years above thatat any amount, including below 20 g.

Law 50The ordinary personal-88 sorts people into three fixed categories by weight. Uppossession tier covers up to 20 g of marijuana is 'simple possession':(5 g of hashish), with six months to two years in prison and a fine of 1,500 to –2,500 pesos (5 g for hashish)peso fine. BetweenAbove 20 g and below one pound you are a ', the marijuana classification is distributor'/seller, with three to ten years. Over a pound you are a '; larger quantities attract the trafficker' tier.[@fc] Since the 1995 amendment, with fivean intent to twentydistribute or sell removes the personal-possession classification regardless of quantity, so even less than 20 g can fall under the distributor/seller penalty.[@law1795]

wiki, fc, law1795

Mandatory prison for any amount, applied to tourists as well. Dominican commentators describe the 1988 law as obsolete.[@ac,wiki] Intent to distribute or sell can bring three to ten years even below 20 g.[@law1795,fc]

ac, wiki, law1795, fc

Quantity aloneDistribution or sale intent makes youthe holder a distributor or trafficker/seller regardless of quantity under the 1995 amendment, so sharing more than 20 g carries at leastwith the three years-to-ten-year penalty rather than the ordinary personal-possession tier. Larger quantities can trigger the trafficking classification.[@law1795,fc]

wikilaw1795, fc

There is no legal recreational supply for anyone. Law 50-88 punishes possession of any amo … n and a fine, and anything above that is treated as distribution, with three to ten years.[@fc] The lower small-quantity possession tier does not apply where distribution or sale is intended; the distributor/seller penalty can apply at any amount.[@law1795,fc]

fc, law1795, fc

Dominican Republic — Law 17-95, official OAS translation 7 unchanged

One of Europe's strictest laws alongside its highest use rates. Since 20 August 2026 ordinary illicit use can be ended by a fixed fine of €500, or €400 if paid within 15 days and €1,000 if the fine is increased. A medical experiment has run since 2021. CBD flower is legal.

IllicitOrdinary illicit use of a drug scheduled as a narcotic is a criminal offence punishable by up to one year … ting it means the cannabis is destroyed and the offence is entered on the criminal record.[@csp,loi2026,cidj] Use during or in connection with public-authority or public-service duties, or specified safety-sensitive transport duties, carries up to five years and €75,000. This aggravated offence is outside the ordinary-use fixed-fine procedure.[@sp_use,csp]

csp, loi2026, cidj, sp_use

Among Europe's strictest laws on paper, applied mainly as fixed fines of €500 — hundreds of thousands a year — concentrated in poorer neighbourhoods. The ordinary-use one-year prison sentencemaximum remains available.[@cidj,csp] Use during or in connection with public-authority or public-service duties, or specified safety-sensitive transport duties, carries up to five years and €75,000. This aggravated offence is outside the ordinary-use fixed-fine procedure.[@sp_use,csp]

cidj, csp, sp_use

Use itselfOrdinary illicit use is thea criminal offence in French law, public or private, with up to one year and €3,750; eligible ordinary-use cases can end through the €500 fixed-fine process.[@csp,sp_use] Use during or in connection with public-authority or public-service duties, or specified safety-sensitive transport duties, carries up to five years and €75,000. This aggravated offence is outside the ordinary-use fixed-fine procedure.[@sp_use,csp]

cidjcsp, sp_use

There is no legal recreational supply for anyone. IllicitOrdinary illicit use is a criminal offence punishable by up to one year in prison and a €3,750 fine. Since … a fixed fine of €500, or €400 if paid within 15 days and €1,000 if the fine is increased.[@csp,loi2026,cx] Use during or in connection with public-authority or public-service duties, or specified safety-sensitive transport duties, carries up to five years and €75,000. This aggravated offence is outside the ordinary-use fixed-fine procedure.[@sp_use,csp]

csp, loi2026, cx, sp_use

French government Service Public — drug-use penalties, verified 21 August 2026 French Public Health Code — Légifrance text generated November 2015, reproduced PDF 12 unchanged

Legal since October 2015 for conditions such as multiple sclerosis, cancer, epilepsy and AIDS, on prescription, capped at 07.755 g of THC per 30 days, with no home growing. In practice there is little to prescribe: pha … no cannabis medicine on sale and no company fully authorised to produce or distribute one.[@mjb,wiki,n118,pp25] The 7.5 g cap measures THC over thirty days, rather than the weight of cannabis flower.[@prescription2015]

mjb, wiki, n118, pp25, prescription2015

Croatian Ministry of Health — NN 107/2015 prescribing amendment 18 unchanged

UpThe first-offence small-quantity tier depends on the product: up to 1 g is an administrative offence on first occurrence;dried cannabis, 5 g undried, 0.1 g hashish or 0.05 g resin/oil/extract. Above the relevant ceiling, or after a repeat offences arewarning, criminal penalties can apply.

Possession of up toSmall-quantity ceilings are 1 g offor dried cannabis (marijuana, 5 g undried, 0.1 g of hashish) is, and 0.05 g cannabis resin, oil, extracts or tinctures. A dried plant mixture containing hashish or extract has a 0.5 g ceiling.[@quantities] First-offence small possession can bring an administrative offence with a fine of up to €280. A second offence and a written warning; repeating within twelve months iscan bring a crimecriminal charge, punishable by short imprisonment of 15 days to three months, community service or a fine. Anything above 1 g[@euda,lvp14] Above the product-specific ceiling, possession is criminal from the startoutset. With the first penalty the person is warned in writing that a repeat within a year is a crime.[@kl,quantities]

wikiquantities, euda, lvp14, kl

One of the EU's lowest thresholdsSmall quantities are defined by product: a single gram separates a fine from a criminal case1 g dried marijuana, 5 g undried, 0.1 g hashish and repeat users are prosecuted0. Parliament has discussed decriminalisation without acting05 g resin, oil, extracts or tinctures. Crossing the relevant ceiling can bring a criminal possession case; in 2019 one person was fined fifteen times in a yearrepeat after the statutory warning can also be criminal.[@quantities,kl,euda]

eudaquantities, btkl, lsm20euda

There is no legal recreational supply for anyone. Possession of up toThe 1 g ofsmall-quantity ceiling is for dried marijuana only; undried marijuana has 5 g, hashish 0.1 g, and cannabis is an administrative offence withresin, oil, extracts and tinctures 0.05 g. Exceeding the relevant ceiling can bring a fine of up to €280criminal charge immediately; a second first-offence small possession can attract an administrative fine and repeating within twelve months is a crimeafter warning can be criminal.[@quantities,kl,euda,lvp14]

wikiquantities, kl, euda, lvp14

Latvia — Criminal Law implementation law, Annex 2 20 unchanged

no

Unlawful; the small-quantity ceiling is 1 g dried flower but only 0.05 g for resin, oil or extracts

limited

Fine or criminal charge

First small possession can bring a fine; exceeding the product-specific ceiling or repeating after warning can be criminal

Recreational possession andUnauthorised holding is prohibited separately from use are illegal under the law. Article 2 of 21 Maythe 1974 law expressly punishes illicit possession, import, production, transport and export with five to ten years and a 5,000–50,000 dirham fine. Article 8 sets’s lower two months -month-to-one-year in prison andterm concerns illicit use, with a fine of 500 to 50–5,000 dirhams, and proceedings can be suspended if the person agrees, afterdirham fine or either penalty alone; it is not a medical examination, to detoxification in a therapeutic establishmentuniversal statutory ceiling for possession. Kif smoking[@law1974] Traditional kif use is nonetheless deeply traditional and widely tolerated in the north, so enforcement iswith uneven enforcement.[@idpc17,cms]

law1974, idpc17, cms

Users can be jailed, though often are not; traffickers face long sentences. The 2024 pardon was limited to growers.[@cms,ata] The statutory personal-use offence has a 500–5,000 dirham fine, while illicit holding has a separate five-to-ten-year penalty; charging practice must not be inferred from the use offence alone.[@law1974]

cms, ata, law1974

Supply is trafficking: Article 2 of the 1974 law sets five3 punishes facilitating another person’s use, whether paid or free, with two to ten years in prison and a fine of 5,000 to –500,000 dirhams,dirham fine. Article 2 separately punishes illicit holding and transport with minimum penalties a judge must respectfive to ten years.[@law1974]

idpc17, cmslaw1974

Use is an offence,Article 8 punishes illicit use with prosecution avoidable bytwo months to one year in prison and 500–5,000 dirhams, or either penalty alone. Under its conditions, accepting treatmentmedically supervised detoxification can avoid prosecution. Tolerated[@law1974] Use is tolerated in practice in much of the Rif.[@cms]

law1974, cms

Morocco — 1974 narcotics law, government text republished by the UN 10 unchanged

No shops. The only legal source besides home growing is a licensed non-profit Cannabis Har … association per person, at most 7 g a day and 50 g a month. Tourists have no legal source.[@aruc,cap628] Associations with additional processing approval may supply approved solventless solid resin/hash.[@processing2026]

aruc, cap628, processing2026

AssociationsLicensed associations distribute dried flower (and seeds), and may produce and distribute approved solid solventless resin/hash with specific processing authorisation. EdiblesTheir cultivation/distribution permit alone does not cover processing. Oils, tinctures, distillates and concentratessolvent-based processing are not part ofexcluded.[@processing2026] Against the regulated adult-use channel7 g daily and 50 g monthly flower ceilings, 1 g of processed product counts as 1 g of flower at up to 33% THC, 2 g at 34–66%, and 3 g above 66%. Advertising is bannedMixed flower/resin supplies count together; individual association stock must be checked.[@processing2026]

aruc, cap628processing2026

ARUC — controlled introduction of cannabis resin, 6 May 2025 ARUC — Directive 1 version 4.0, 16 January 2026 10 unchanged

Without an authorization, the longdomestic immediate-standingpersonal-consumption rule is that up to 5 g is not prosecuted, and anything over 5 g can still be prosecuted. … as for personal use. In 2026 it fell one vote short of removing the 5 g rule for everyone.[@dgi,cofepris26,cms,tms,zeta22,imp26] Unauthorised import or export is a separate offence under article 194(II), carrying ten to twenty-five years and 100–500 day-fines, including temporary entry or transit; the domestic 5 g rule does not cover it.[@border_code]

dgi, cofepris26, cms, tms, zeta22, imp26, border_code

The permit creates a record of your use with a federal agency. Cases under 5 g are closed without a conviction.[@rmn,cms] Unauthorised international import/export has a separate ten-to-twenty-five-year statutory range; a small domestic personal-possession allowance does not exempt crossing the border.[@border_code]

rmn, cms, border_code

There is no legal recreational supply for anyonemarket. COFEPRIS may authorizeauthorise a named adult to possess cannabis for that person's own recreationalpersonal use. The authorization excludes; those authorisations exclude importation and supply to anyone else, and the 2021 declaration sets no universal gram allowanceothers. Without an authorization[@dgi, up tocofepris26] The domestic 5 g isimmediate-personal-possession non-prosecution rule does not prosecuted and anything above thatprotect unauthorised import or export: bringing recreational cannabis across the border, even temporarily or in transit, can trigger article 194(II), carrying ten to twenty-five years and 100–500 day-fines.[@border_code] Prescribed medicines have separate health/import requirements; product classification and the applicable authorisation must be checked before travel.[@dof]

dgi, cofepris26, cmsborder_code, yucdof

Mexico Interior Ministry — Federal Criminal Code 18 unchanged

limited

Domestic immediate personal possession has a 5 g non-prosecution rule; unauthorised border import/export can mean 10–25 years

Norway sets graded limits for THC of 1.3, 3 and 9 nanograms per millilitre of blood, meant … e about one and a half times gross monthly income, and prison of up to a year is possible.[@euda_dd] Fixed concentration rules do not apply when the excess comes from medicine taken according to a valid doctor’s or dentist’s prescription, documented for the relevant dose and time; actual impairment remains prohibited.[@rx_driving] Licence fitness is a separate test: approved cannabinoid medicines such as Sativex and Epidyolex may be compatible with group 1 only under specialist treatment, approved dosing, waiting intervals and clinical fitness conditions. Other cannabinoid medicines, including special-permit or foreign-prescribed products, are incompatible with driving under the guide unless a formal exemption is granted. Groups 2 and 3 do not qualify.[@fitness,dmp_drive]

euda_dd, rx_driving, fitness, dmp_drive

Norwegian Parliament — Transport Minister’s answer on THC limits Norwegian Directorate of Health — driving-licence guide, cannabinoids Norwegian Medical Products Agency — cannabis treatment and driving licences 9 unchanged

Mostly warningsWarnings and fines for users, withhealth referrals have reduced user prosecutions down since 2019 but far from gone, although many people are still charged. Cultivation[@moh,nh] Ordinary Class B/C personal possession can carry up to three months and/or NZ$500. Supply accusations have different penalties: up to fourteen years for Class B preparations and eight years for Class C plant offences under section 6. The supply carry prisonpresumptions differ by form and can be rebutted.[@police_penalties,mda]

moh, nh, police_penalties, mda

Supply, including giving it away,Unauthorised supply is an offence; holding even below the presumption amounts. Possessing 28 g of Class C cannabis plant material, 5 g of a Class B cannabis preparation such as hashish or moreoil, or 250 mg of the separately scheduled THC creates a rebuttable presumption of supply; it is not an automatic conviction. The cannabis rows also specify 100 cigarettes containing the drug. Section 6 supply offences carry up to fourteen years for Class B and eight years for Class C; lower-level Class C supply can instead fall under section 7.[@mda,police_penalties]

pmcsamda, police_penalties

New Zealand Legislation — Misuse of Drugs Act 1975 16 unchanged

Possession ofOrdinary immediate personal possession is exempt up to 8 g is not punishableof marijuana or 2 g of derivatives. Registered medical patients and qualifying caregivers have a separate treatment-needs exemption. Medical cannabis is legal since 2017, withand licensed patient-association cultivation added in 2021are legal.

Article 299 of the Penal Code makes possession for one's own immediate use not punishable … tives. The exemption is lost if the person possesses two or more types of controlled drug.[@penal] A separate exemption covers cannabis and derivatives needed for a registered patient’s medical or therapeutic treatment, including handling for someone under the holder’s care or guardianship, under the health authority’s rules. Its quantity test is treatment need, rather than the ordinary 8 g/2 g ceilings.[@medical_possession]

penal, medical_possession

No conviction forQualifying immediate personal possession within the limit8 g marijuana/2 g derivative limits is not punishable; the two-drug exclusion applies to that ordinary exemption. Separate protection covers medically necessary quantities for registered patients and qualifying caregivers under the prescribed conditions.[@medical_possession]

penalmedical_possession

There is no legal recreational supply for anyone. Article 299 of the Penal Code leaves pos … derivatives; the exemption is lost if a person holds two or more kinds of controlled drug.[@penal,digemid] The separate treatment-needs exemption requires the Peruvian registration and medical conditions; a visitor does not qualify simply by holding a foreign medical card.[@medical_possession]

penal, digemid, medical_possession

El Peruano — Legislative Decree 1592, published 14 December 2023 11 unchanged

limited

Immediate personal possession has 8 g/2 g limits; registered patients and qualifying caregivers have a separate treatment-needs exemption

Prison applies toPossession carries prison at any amount. Life imprisonment can apply from 300 g of marijuana or 5 g of resin, and it is the sentenceapplies from 500 g of marijuana or 10 g respectively. Unauthorised importation carries life regardless of resinquantity; possession at gatherings or with at least two others has enhanced penalties. There is no medical-cannabis programme, only case-specific compassionateMedical access torequires an imported medicineindividual compassionate permit.

Under Section 11 of Republic Act 9165, possession of less than 300 g of marijuana, or less … risonment and a fine of ₱500,000 to ₱10 million. There is no lesser tier for personal use.[@ra,death] Section 13 requires the maximum Section 11 penalties for possession at a party, social gathering or meeting, or in the proximate company of at least two other people, regardless of amount. The others need not hold drugs.[@ra_primary,irr]

ra, death, ra_primary, irr

AOrdinary small personal amount exposes its possessor to a sentence ofpossession carries more than 12twelve years, while Section 13 requires maximum Section 11 penalties in the specified gathering/group circumstances regardless of weight.[@ra_primary,irr] Unauthorised importation carries life imprisonment even for a small amount, following abolition of the death penalty.[@ra_primary,death] The UN also documented thousands of killings and near impunity in the nationwide anti-drug campaign launched in 2016 also killed thousands of alleged drug suspects; the UN found serious rights violations and near impunity.[@ohchr]

rara_primary, irr, death, ohchr

There is no legal recreational supply for anyone. PossessionBringing cannabis into the Philippines without legal authorisation is a separate importation offence carrying life imprisonment and a ₱500,000–₱10 million fine regardless of less thanquantity.[@ra_primary,death] Ordinary domestic possession below 300 g of plant marijuana, or less than 5 g of resin,/resin oil carries 12twelve years and one day to 20twenty years. From 300 g of marijuana, with higher weight bands; possession at a qualifying gathering or 5 gwith at least two other people has enhanced maximum penalties regardless of resinweight.[@ra_primary,irr] A physician or health institution must obtain the sentence can be life imprisonmentapplicable FDA compassionate permit for restricted imports of unregistered medicines.[@fda]

rara_primary, death, irr, fda

Philippines Supreme Court E-Library — implementing rules of RA 9165 Philippines Supreme Court E-Library — Republic Act 9165 11 unchanged

no

Severe punishment

Prison at any amount; importation can bring life regardless of weight, and group possession has enhanced penalties

Up to 10 g exclusively for personal use ismay be exempt from punishment. Medical cannabis is legal on paper, but little reaches patients, and a lawsubject to let them grow atjudicial assessment. A December 2025 medical THC/CBD pilot regulates specialist prescriptions and authorised dispensing; patient home was vetoed in 2020growing remains prohibited.

NoThere is no adult-use source, despite Paraguay being South America's largest illicit producerretail route. Registered[@iba] Under Resolution 488/2025, registered patients can obtain cannabisreceive medicinal products combining THC, CBD or other cannabinoids through an exceptional temporary pilot: a PROINCUMEC-derived medicinesregistered specialist prescribes on prescriptiona quadruplicate form, and authorised pharmacies/dispensaries supply under traceability controls. This legal route does not establish that particular high-THC products are registered, stocked or widely available.[@pilot488,pilotnews]

iba, uhpilot488, pilotnews

The medical pilot requires licensed production, approved industrial plans, certified seed and traceability from seed to final product. Participation and product information must be notified to DINAVISA; a production licence alone does not prove operating cultivation or finished output.[@pilot488] Twelve pharmaceutical firms were licensed to produce medical cannabis under a cap of thirt … 8,000 hectares, mostly in Amambay and Canindeyú, with 77% of the harvest going to Brazil.[@iba,fer22,lnsen,ln21,unav21]

pilot488, iba, fer22, lnsen, ln21, unav21

Prescription cannabis-derived medicinesThe pilot covers medicinal products with variable proportions of THC, mainly oilsCBD and other cannabinoids, made by licensed producers and supplied under specialist prescription and traceability. These pilot products have an exceptional registration regime; the rules do not demonstrate named products currently in stock.[@pilot488]

ibapilot488

Law 6007 of 2017 created PROINCUMEC and its patient registry.[@ferrere] Resolution 488/2025, effective on signature on 19 December 2025 under Health Ministry Resolution 902/2025, establishes a national programme: patientstwo-year exceptional pilot for medicinal combinations of THC, CBD and other cannabinoids. Prescribers must be onregistered specialists and patients must also register; the rules cover specified treatment-resistant symptoms and other justified specialist indications, with a national registry to receive cannabisquadruplicate prescription and follow-derived productsup. In[@pilot488] The April 2022 the registry heldcount of three doctors and forty patients, and the patients' association called the law a dead letter is historical. Home growing for patients[@uh] Patient home cultivation was approved by Congressvetoed in 2020 but vetoed.[@lnveto]

iba, ferrere, pilot488, uh, lnveto

DINAVISA — signed Resolution 488/2025, 19 December 2025 Paraguay state news agency — updated medicinal cannabis rules, 3 February 2026 16 unchanged

UpThe administrative tier is product-specific: up to 6 g is an administrative offence (fineof marijuana plant material, 2 g of hashish or 15 days' detention); anything above is0.4 g of cannabis oil. Above the relevant threshold, criminal with long sentencespenalties apply. 'Drug propaganda' is also penalised.

Up toFor unauthorised personal possession, the administrative upper quantities differ: 6 g of cannabis (marijuana plant material, 2 g of hashish) is an administrative offence under Article 6/cannabis resin and 0.84 g of cannabis/hashish oil. Above the Code ofcorresponding significant-quantity figure, Article 228 criminal penalties can include up to three years; the large-quantity figures are 100 g, 25 g and 5 g respectively, with three to ten years above that tier.[@quantities,uk228] Administrative Offences:possession can bring a fine of 4,000–5,000 roublesrouble fine or up to 15fifteen days'’ detention; foreigners also face expulsion. Above 6 g it is a crime under Article 228 of[@koap68] Classification and the Criminal Code — up to three years forapplicable weight of a 'significant amount' (6–100 g) and three to ten years above 100 g. Forpreparation must be established; not every liquid or carrier mixture is automatically hashish the tiers begin at 2 g and 25 goil. Foreigners are deported even for the administrative offence.[@quantities]

wikiquantities, res1002uk228, koap68

Article 228 is known as the 'people's article' because so many prisoners are held under it … sentences for anything resembling supply make this far harsher than the 6 g rule suggests.[@wiki] The 6 g figure is for plant material: cannabis/hashish oil has significant and large grading figures of 0.4 g and 5 g, with criminal penalties above the applicable thresholds.[@quantities,uk228]

wiki, quantities, uk228

There is no legal recreational supply for anyone,. The 6 g administrative ceiling concerns marijuana plant material; hashish has a 2 g ceiling and cannabis/hashish oil 0.4 g. Above the law treats foreigners more severely at the lowest level: a foreign citizen who uses a narcotic without a prescriptionapplicable figure, or refuses a medical examination, is fined 4,000 tocriminal possession penalties can apply; larger oil cases above the 5,000 roubles or arrested for up g grading figure can bring three to 15 days and in either caseten years. Foreigners can be expelled from Russiaeven for administrative possession.[@quantities,uk228,koap68]

koap69quantities, res1002uk228, koap68

Russian Government — Decree 1002, Schedule I quantity table Russia — Criminal Code, Article 228 Russia — Administrative Offences Code, Article 6.8 14 unchanged

no

Unlawful; administrative/criminal thresholds differ for plant material, resin and oil

no

Prison or detention

Administrative detention is possible; cannabis oil has a 0.4 g criminal grading figure, rather than the 6 g plant figure

Up to 3 g of marijuana plant material is a $130 violation; more is a misdemeanour. Medical cannabis is dispensed to card holdersConcentrates have separate criminal penalties, who may also growincluding felonies from ⅛ oz. Card holders have a medical programme.

UpFor marijuana plant material, up to 3 g is a $130 violation. From; over 3 g tobut under 1 oz is a petty misdemeanour with up to 30 days;, and 1 oz or more can be a misdemeanour.[@1] Marijuana concentrates are classified separately as harmful drugs: small possession is a misdemeanour with up to, while ⅛ oz or more of a yearconcentrate-containing preparation is a class B felony and 1 oz or more a class A felony. Separate dosage-unit thresholds also apply. Authorised medical use and the statutory hemp exceptions have separate protections.[@2,3,4,5]

The $130 small-quantity violation concerns marijuana plant material. Unauthorised concentrate possession can bring a misdemeanour or, from ⅛ oz, a class B felony carrying up to ten years; from 1 oz, a class A fine for tiny amountsfelony carrying up to twenty years.[@1, jail possible above 3 g.,4,5]

Selling under Small plant-material transfers have different penalties from concentrates.[@1 oz] Distributing any amount of marijuana concentrate is at least a misdemeanour with upclass B felony; ⅛ oz or more, 25 dosage units or supply to a yearminor falls under the class A offence.[@2,3,4]

Hawaii Legislature — harmful drugs and cannabis definitions Hawaii Legislature — concentrate possession and distribution, class B felony Hawaii Legislature — concentrate possession and distribution, class A felony Hawaii Legislature — small harmful-drug possession 1 unchanged

no

Plant material and concentrates have different criminal thresholds; only authorised medical use is protected

no

Fine or prison

Up to 3 g of plant material is a $130 violation; concentrates can mean prison, including felonies from ⅛ oz

UpThe ordinary no-active-jail tier covers up to ½ oz is a misdemeanour punished by a fine of up to $200 with no jailmarijuana plant material or 1/20 oz of hashish. Larger resin quantities and isolated THC can be felonies. No state medical programme; the only legal shop is on Cherokee tribal landlaw is separate.

Ordinary first-offence possession of up to ½ oz of marijuana plant material or less1/20 oz of hashish (about 1.42 g) is a Class 3 misdemeanour punished by a fine of up to $200 with no jailany imprisonment suspended. From ½Above those amounts, up to 1½ oz of plant material or 3/20 oz of hashish (about 4.525 g), it is a Class 1 misdemeanour. More than 1½ oz brings up to 120 days;of plant material, more than 3/20 oz of hashish, or any quantity of prohibited synthetic THC or THC isolated from marijuana resin is a Class I felony. Repeat offences and possession in prison can bring higher classifications. Lawful hemp and exempt FDA-approved medicines are separate.[@2,3]

A fine only for the smallestThe ordinary lowest plant/hashish tier has no active jail sentence; larger resin amounts and isolated THC can be felonies even below the familiar half-ounce plant threshold. Prior convictions and prison possession can increase the offence classification. Sentencing depends on the applicable class and criminal record.[@2,3]

North Carolina Legislature — G.S. 90-95, violations and penalties North Carolina Legislature — G.S. 90-94, Schedule VI 1 unchanged

no

Possession is unlawful; hashish and isolated THC have stricter felony rules than plant material

no

Fine or prison

The ordinary small-plant tier avoids active jail; more than 3/20 oz of hashish or any prohibited isolated THC is a felony

Up to 3 ozUnauthorised possession is acriminal: the first-offence misdemeanour with up to a year in jailceilings are 3 oz of plant material, and being under the influence is0.3 g of liquid, or 3 g of powder or pills. Larger amounts can bring a separate offencefelony. No medical programme.

3 oz or lessUnauthorised possession on a first offence is a misdemeanour with up to 12twelve months and a $1,000 finefor no more than 3 oz in plant form, 0. More is3 g in liquid form, or 3 g in powder, crystalline, pill or capsule form. Above the applicable limit, marijuana/THC possession can be a felony with up to five years and $10,000. The third or subsequent otherwise-misdemeanour offence can bring five years and $5,000. Statutory weights include carriers and diluents, excluding packaging; lawful statutory exceptions and FDA-approved medicines are separate.[@2]

JailPrison is possible foron a first offence. The 3 oz misdemeanour ceiling is for plant form only; liquids have a 0.3 g ceiling and powder/crystalline or pill/capsule forms 3 g, above which felony penalties can apply.[@2]

Wyoming Legislature — current Title 35, Controlled Substances Act 1 unchanged

no

It is criminal; plant, liquid and solid preparations have different felony thresholds

no

Prison

Even a first offence can mean jail; more than 0.3 g in liquid form can mean a felony

A first detection of use brings a fine and a year of police managementadministrative monitoring; using again in that time is a crimerepeat detection can lead to addiction assessment. Criminal use penalties depend on specified rehabilitation-related statuses. Illegal sale iscarries three to seven years. Life, rising to life or death applies from 30 kg of cannabis resin or 150 kg ofin the listed plant partshighest cannabis weight bands.

Illegal use bringscan bring a warning or a fine of 1–2 million dong, and compulsory rehabilitation for people classed as addicted can be sent.[@ln1] First detection leads to compulsoryone-year user monitoring; further use can trigger addiction assessment and rehabilitation measures.[@a256] Since 1 July 2025, Article 256a of the Criminal Code makes using again a crime withimposes two to three years in prison for people in or recently out ofuse during rehabilitation, and for those caught using or substitution treatment; during the onepost-yearrehabilitation management period; within two years after that follows a first detectionmanagement ends AND while under illicit-user management; or within two years of abandoning voluntary rehabilitation or substitution treatment. Recidivism of this criminal offence carries three to five years.[@a256]

ln1, lv256a256

Users are registered and monitored by localLocal police monitor detected users. A further detection during ordinary one-year monitoring can prompt addiction assessment; foreigners are deportedArticle 256a criminal liability requires one of the specified rehabilitation-related statuses.[@a256] Foreigners can also face deportation.[@ln1]

a256, ln1

Vietnam State Audit Office — Law 86/2025/QH15 and Article 256a explanation 9 unchanged

no

Use can bring administrative measures; specified rehabilitation-related statuses make it a prison offence

Cannabis plant material is a listed in the Second Schedule (Class B narcotic under the Narcotics Act 1967), item 40; processed cannabis preparations and cannabis resin are also listed there. SectionKnowing unauthorised possession under section 7 makes it an offencecarries up to knowingly possess it, and the maximum is 14fourteen years in prisonunder section 18. The lower non-wilful/procedural alternative is subject to the statutory conditions.[@ag2023] The Law Reform Commission calledreported that "highly disproportionate" beside New Zealand's three months, and noted that sentences imposed arewere lower than the maximum.[@lrc17]

ag2023, lrc17

There is no legal recreational supply for anyone. British travel advice saysUnauthorised cannabis possession, use or supply falls under the Class B maximum of illegal drugs carries a possible 14fourteen years. Section 6 separately punishes prohibited-year prison sentenceplant cultivation and seed possession with up to fourteen years, subject to its non-wilful alternative.[@ag2023]

wiki, fcdoag2023

Samoa Attorney General — Narcotics Act 1967, 2023 consolidation GOV.UK (FCDO) — Foreign travel advice: Samoa, safety and security 6 unchanged

Samoa's drug law dates from 1967 and is still in force. The Law Reform Commission, which … ee classes of drugs, A, B and C. Cannabis is in Class B, described as a high risk of harm.[@1] The Attorney General’s consolidation lists the plant in the Second Schedule, item 40, alongside processed preparations in item 1.[@2] ## How it is used Police figures given to the Commission show that the most common drug o … ith no amount set aside for personal use and no lawful source outside a ministry licence.

Samoa Attorney General — Narcotics Act 1967, 2023 consolidation 1 unchanged

For sixteen years, using a drug in Vietnam was not a crime in itself. It had been [taken … e 256a: "illegal use of drugs". It applies to acts committed from midnight on 1 July 2025.[@1] ## Who counts as a user The definition comes from the 2021 Law on Drug Prevention and Control. An illegal drug user is a person who uses drugs without authorisation and tests positive. No drug needs to be found on them.[@1] ## The four situations Article 256a does not punish every positive testapplies only to the defined rehabilitation-related situations. It punishes use by a person who is already inIts two-year post-management category also requires current illicit-user management; the systemconditions must both hold.[@2] | Situation | Penalty | |---|---| | During compulsory detoxificationrehabilitation or treatment with substitute drugs | two to three years in prison | | During the period of management that follows detoxification | two to three years | | Within two years after thatpost-rehabilitation management period ends, while still being managed as a drug AND currently under illicit-user management | two to three years | | Within two years after quitting voluntary detoxification or substitute treatment | two to three years | | Committing the offence again | three to five years | The management period forOrdinary monitoring after a person identified as an illegal drug user isfirst detection lasts one year from. Further use during that monitoring can lead to addiction assessment and rehabilitation measures. Using again during subsequent rehabilitation or substitution treatment can then meet the decision of the chairman of the commune-level People's Committeecriminal offence. The ordinary monitoring period alone does not establish that offence.[@2] ## The knock-on rule A person with an unexpunged conviction under Article 256a who then p … he ordinary possession, transport and appropriation offences in Articles 249, 250 and 252.[@1] ## What it does not change A first detection remains outside Article 256a, since none of the four situations exists yet. Ordinary monitoring has a different role The legal commentary on LuatVietnam, the source for this article, sets out the new offence forState Audit Office explains that a person detected using drugs in general andwho has not undergone the qualifying rehabilitation measures does not discuss cannabis separatelythereby commit this use offence. Its account distinguishes administrative management of a user from management after rehabilitation.[@2] ## Why the index moved Consumption falls from 1 to 0. Use is again somethingThe history records a personconsumption-score drop because drug use can goagain lead to prison for, andin the people exposed are exactly those the state already knows as usersdefined rehabilitation-related situations. PossessionOrdinary possession and enforcement were already at 1, andsale have their own criminal rules; this change concerns the other scores at 0separate use offence. The total moves from 6 to 5[Vietnam profile](/country/vn/) sets those offences alongside the administrative and rehabilitation procedures.[@2]

Vietnam State Audit Office — Law 86/2025/QH15 and Article 256a explanation 1 unchanged