Penalty ladders for Seychelles, Fiji; recreational x9, hemp x2

There is no legal recreational supply. Hashish in every form is covered by the 1960 narcotics law as amended, but enforcement is uneven: widespread use is tolerated in some settings while others are jailed, and high-profile airport arrests over small amounts are common.[@law,es]

law, es

The 2004 drug law makes unauthorised possession an offence carrying a maximum FJ$1 million fine, life imprisonment, or both.[@act2004] The 2012 Sulua court guidelines favour fines, community service, counselling or discharge … eight bands run from one to three years, three to seven years and seven to fourteen years.[@seru] The law signed on 2 October 2026 sets a separate personal-use offence for cannabis plant m … onths in prison, or both, and restricts custody to prior-conviction or exceptional cases; itat 28 g a rebuttable presumption of supply begins.[@act2026] It provides for commencement by ministerial Gazette notice.[@act2026]

FJD

upto 28 g · treatment criminal · prison 3 months · fine 500 · note Diversion into support programmes; custody only with prior convictions or in exceptional cases; 2026 Act commences by Gazette notice, over 28 g · treatment criminal · term Presumed supply · note Rebuttable presumption; penalty then depends on the supply provisions, label Unauthorised possession under the 2004 Act · treatment criminal · fine 1000000 · note Maximum FJ$1 million fine, life imprisonment, or both, until the 2026 Act replaces the 2004 Act

Recreational possession, cultivation and supply are criminal offences with no legal market.[@act2004] The October 2026 law creates a separate personal-use offence for cannabis plant material — at most a FJ$500 fine or three months in prison — with diversion into support programmes, but it commences only by ministerial Gazette notice.[@act2026]

act2004, act2026

Hemp and plant parts derived from it at no more than 1% THC are excluded from the schedule’s references to the cannabis plant; a person claiming the exemption in a prosecution bears the burden of proving it.[@hemp2022]

hemp2022

There is no legal recreational market. Ordinary illicit use is a criminal offence, but since August 2026 most cases end in a fixed fine — €500, €400 if paid within 15 days, €1,000 if increased — rather than court, and the law sets no gram amount for it.[@csp,loi2026,cidj] Use connected with public-authority duties or safety-sensitive transport is treated far more severely, up to five years and €75,000.[@sp_use]

csp, loi2026, cidj, sp_use

Only certified seed of authorised Cannabis sativa varieties at or below 0.3% THC may be used, and only active farmers may cultivate hemp flowers and leaves; selling plants and taking cuttings are expressly prohibited.[@hemp_order] CBD flower and products under 0.3% THC are lawful to sell.[@cx]

hemp_order, cx

There is no legal recreational market. Traditional kif smoking is widely tolerated in the northern growing regions, with uneven enforcement, while users elsewhere can be jailed though often are not.[@idpc17,cms] The 2021 law opened a legal route only for authorised Rif growers selling their whole crop to licensed processors — not for users.[@anrac,map]

idpc17, cms, anrac, map

There is no legal recreational market. Rongony is grown on a large scale in the north and south and sold in a large domestic market that is hard to police in remote growing regions.[@gi] Holding a small personal quantity can end in a fine instead of prison.[@law]

gi, law

There is no legal recreational market. Use is an offence, with a rehabilitation route for small amounts since November 2022.[@leaf] Cannabis ('gandia') remains prohibited under the 2000 Act, and prisons hold many drug offenders.[@dda,aa]

leaf, dda, aa

There is no legal recreational market. Possession without lawful authority carries fifteen to twenty-five years on paper, but small cases commonly end in much shorter sentences through plea deals or lesser charges.[@om,lii] Use remains widespread: Nigeria has one of the largest cannabis-using populations in the world.[@aa,om]

om, lii, aa

There is no legal recreational supply on the island. Zamal grows wild in several regions and is smoked despite the ban; ordinary illicit use is a criminal offence carrying up to one year in prison and a €3,750 fine, with the national fixed-fine procedure for ordinary cases.[@benoist,csp,cidj]

benoist, csp, cidj

CBD flower and products under 0.3% THC are lawful to sell under the national French regime; there is no other lawful cannabis product on the island.[@cx]

cx

Cultivation carries a maximum of twenty years.[@wiki] The 2020 medical regulations restate the ban: regulation 19 says no person shall cultivate cannabis of any form or type, and lets police arrest without a warrant.[@reg]

Possession with intent to traffic carries up to fifty years.[@wiki]

label Cultivation of any form or type · treatment criminal · prison 20 years · note Police may arrest without a warrant

label Possession with intent to traffic · treatment criminal · prison 50 years

There is no adult-use supply. Use is an offence, though the 2016 Act allows treatment-oriented outcomes for dependent users, and the 2020 medical regulations forbid smoking cannabis of any form.[@reg] Sentences depend on offence and circumstances.[@ahkong]

reg, ahkong