Cannabis Freedom Index

Changelog fa66d5a

more driving rules

18 country profiles edited3 files of code, design or docs +616 −21 lines

Countries and states 18 files

Armenia countries/am.yaml

sources

Armenia ARLIS — Administrative Offences Code, official consolidated English text 9 unchanged

context › driving › status

zero

context › driving › text

Administrative Offences Code article 126(9) treats a driver as intoxicated when testing establishes narcotic or psychotropic substance content in blood or urine. A separate demonstration of impaired vehicle control is not stated in that definition. Article 126(3) provides two years' deprivation of driving rights for drug-related intoxication; avoiding the prescribed sobriety examination also results in two years under paragraph 4. Drug intoxication is determined by a medical expert examination under paragraph 10. Paragraph 9 also covers consuming a substance after a police stop or relevant crash but before the sobriety test. The ordinary monetary fine and five-point deduction in paragraph 1 are expressly alcohol-only and must not be substituted for the drug sanction. The official English consolidation includes the March 2025 amendment. No numerical THC allowance or prescribed-cannabis exception was verified in article 126; the statute's reference to drug content should not be expanded into an assertion that every inactive cannabis metabolite is independently sufficient.

context › driving › sources

trafficcode

Bangladesh countries/bd.yaml

sources

Bangladesh Ministry of Law — Road Transport Act 2018, current official Bengali text 5 unchanged

context › driving › status

consumption

context › driving › text

Road Transport Act section 49(1), first part (a), prohibits a driver from driving after drinking alcohol or consuming intoxicants. This is a consumption-based rule; the provision does not establish a numerical THC allowance or a laboratory detectable-THC standard. Section 92(1) provides up to three months' imprisonment, up to Tk10,000, or both, plus deduction of one driver point for violating that first part. The separate Tk25,000 ceiling in section 89 concerns vehicle/environmental requirements and is not the intoxication penalty. Section 12 gives the licensing authority powers to suspend, withdraw or cancel licences on specified grounds, including habitual drunkenness and contravening the law or licence conditions; no fixed cannabis-specific ban duration or medical-use exception was established in the provisions reviewed.

context › driving › sources

traffic2018

Costa Rica countries/cr.yaml

sources

Costa Rica Procuraduría / SINALEVI — Penal Code, current version Costa Rica Procuraduría / SINALEVI — Traffic Law 9078, current version 8 unchanged

context › driving › status

impairment

context › driving › text

Penal Code article 261 bis penalises driving under the influence of narcotics, psychotropic drugs or analogous substances affecting the driver. The current text provides one to three years' imprisonment plus disqualification from driving all vehicle types for two to four years; repeat offending increases the prison term by one-third. A sentence of two years or less can be converted by the court into the specified fine or public-service alternative. Traffic Law article 208 permits protocol-based testing of a suspected drug-influenced driver, a requested second test after a positive preliminary result, and referral to prosecutors where the criminal offence is established. Screening must not be treated as the criminal finding itself. Law 10860 was enacted in 2026, but the official legal database identifies 28 March 2027 as its effective date. Its future drug wording, prescription exclusion and testing deadline are therefore not presented as already-operative protections. No numerical THC cutoff was verified in the current provisions.

context › driving › sources

trafficpenal, traffic9078

Dominican Republic countries/do.yaml

sources

Dominican Republic DGII — Law 63-17 on mobility, road transport, traffic and road safety (PDF) 4 unchanged

context › driving › status

impairment

context › driving › text

Law 63-17 article 257 prohibits driving under the effects of drugs or controlled substances. It specifies a fine of five to ten minimum salaries for the centralised public sector and licence-point deductions determined by regulation, without excluding suspension or cancellation provisions. The salary unit must not be replaced with a private-sector minimum wage or a fixed peso tariff. Article 260 provides for accredited disposable saliva drug detectors, and article 261 covers testing for substances diminishing driving aptitude. Preventive testing under article 262 concerns people intending to drive whose behaviour and evident symptoms suggest diminished capacity; its title must not be read as unrestricted random drug testing. Organic or invasive tests require consent under article 261. Refusal is recorded and referred to the traffic court or local justice court. A numerical THC cutoff, exact drug-specific point deduction and fixed ban duration were not established in the reviewed provisions.

context › driving › sources

traffic6317

Ecuador countries/ec.yaml

sources

Ecuador Quito Fire Service transparency portal — COIP, Lexis consolidation updated 24 October 2025 (PDF) 5 unchanged

context › driving › status

impairment

context › driving › text

COIP article 384 penalises driving under the effects of narcotic or psychotropic substances with thirty days' deprivation of liberty and deduction of fifteen licence points; the vehicle is seized preventively for twenty-four hours. This is distinct from article 385's graded alcohol limits. Its special rule for public passenger, commercial and freight drivers states zero tolerance for consumption of narcotic or psychotropic substances and specifies ninety days' deprivation of liberty and loss of thirty points on exceeding the stated limit. That wording does not establish a numerical laboratory THC cutoff. Under article 376, a drug-influenced driver causing a crash that kills one or more people faces ten to twelve years and definitive licence revocation. These are the provisions in the government-hosted consolidation updated to 24 October 2025; implementing drug-testing procedures and later amendments remain verification targets. No fixed waiting time after cannabis use is inferred.

context › driving › sources

trafficcoip

Ethiopia countries/et.yaml

sources

Ethiopia Ministry of Justice — Road Transport Traffic Control Council of Ministers Regulation No. 557/2024 (Federal Negarit Gazette, 19 August 2024) 4 unchanged

context › driving › status

consumption

context › driving › text

Article 75 of the 2024 Road Transport Traffic Control Regulation prohibits driving or attempting to drive under the influence of drugs or while taking them. It also covers medication or substances that may diminish physical or mental driving competence. The rule extends beyond a requirement to prove impaired control; it does not establish a numerical THC allowance. Drivers involved in a fatal crash may be required to take a drug test, with refusal treated as a positive result. Traffic controllers may hold a drug-influenced driver's vehicle for twelve hours unless another fit person drives it. Article 98 repealed Regulation 208/2011 as amended by 395/2017, while preserving compatible earlier directives. Article 95 refers penalties to Schedule B, but that schedule is absent from the Ministry of Justice PDF reviewed; no current fine or fixed licence-ban duration is asserted here from the repealed regulation.

context › driving › sources

traffic2024

Georgia countries/ge.yaml

sources

Georgia Legislative Herald — Criminal Code, current consolidated English text Georgia Legislative Herald — Law on Combating Drug-related Crime, current consolidated English text 8 unchanged

context › driving › status

impairment

context › driving › text

Criminal Code article 276(1) criminalises driving a motor vehicle under narcotic, psychotropic or new psychoactive substance influence even without a crash. Its sanctions include a fine, house arrest for six months to two years, community service of 200–400 hours, and/or imprisonment up to one year, as specified in the Code. Note 2 requires clinical and laboratory reports to establish drug influence; if a laboratory test is refused, a clinical report alone can establish it. A positive trace must not be substituted for that stated evidential rule. The separate Law on Combating Drug-related Crime includes drug-influenced article 276 offenders in its drug-user definition and provides five years' deprivation of a driving licence on conviction. Plea agreements can shorten or exceptionally remove that restriction; early restoration is possible after one-third of the period. For a custodial sentence the restriction begins after imprisonment ends. More serious crash outcomes carry separate, higher criminal penalties.

context › driving › sources

trafficcode, trafficrights

Guyana countries/gy.yaml

sources

Guyana Parliament — Motor Vehicles and Road Traffic (Amendment) Act No. 17 of 2022, gazette PDF Guyana Department of Public Information / Attorney General — explanation of the 2022 driving amendments (21 April 2023) Guyana Official E-Gazette — Motor Vehicles and Road Traffic (Amendment) Act No. 12 of 2024 5 unchanged

context › driving › status

impairment

context › driving › text

Drug-influenced driving is an offence under Motor Vehicles and Road Traffic Act section 39. The 2022 amendment increases the first-offence fine minimum to G$200,000 and the repeat minimum to G$300,000; the government's explanation describes a twelve-month imprisonment alternative for a first offence and imprisonment with the repeat fine. Ordinary conviction brings twelve months' licence disqualification, two consecutive offences twenty-four months, and a third conviction permanent disqualification; the first two periods have a court special-reasons exception and can be extended. Drug-impaired driving that causes death or grievous bodily harm attracts separate minimum prison terms of ten and five years respectively. Those convictions normally bring a three-year driving ban starting after release, with a special-reasons exception; a repeat like conviction brings a permanent ban. A second relevant charge permits suspension pending trial; a third requires it. The 2024 camera-enforcement amendment does not replace these provisions. No numeric THC allowance was verified.

context › driving › sources

traffic2022, trafficexplain, traffic2024

Saint Lucia countries/lc.yaml

sources

Saint Lucia Attorney General's Chambers — Motor Vehicles and Road Traffic Act, 2023 revised laws Saint Lucia Attorney General's Chambers — disqualification from driving upon conviction Saint Lucia National Printing Corporation — Acts 2026 catalogue, Act No. 3 8 unchanged

context › driving › status

impairment

context › driving › text

Motor Vehicles and Road Traffic Act section 75 defines drug intoxication as impairment making the driver incapable of proper control. It prohibits driving on a road and care or control of a vehicle on a road or other public place even when stationary. The published 2023 consolidation sets a maximum EC$5,000 fine, one year's imprisonment, or both. Reasonable belief of an offence permits police to demand intoxication tests and require the driver to accompany them. Refusal without reasonable excuse is a separate offence with the same maxima and may support an adverse inference; it is not a numerical THC rule. Section 106 permits a court to impose a definite disqualification period based on the offence and driving record; after imprisonment that period starts on the following day. The 2026 amendment changes section 28 licensing provisions, not these offences. No cannabis-specific cutoff or medical-use exemption was established.

context › driving › sources

traffic75, traffic106, traffic2026

Liechtenstein countries/li.yaml

sources

Liechtenstein Lilex — Traffic Regulations, current consolidation (PDF) Liechtenstein Lilex — Road Traffic Act, consolidation in force 1 January 2026 (PDF) Liechtenstein Road Office — driving while unfit, administrative practice 6 unchanged

context › driving › status

limit

context › driving › text

Traffic Regulations article 2(2a) treats inability to drive as established when blood THC is at least 1.5 micrograms per litre (1.5 ng/mL). A driver who proves use under a medical prescription is excepted from that automatic evidential rule, but the general prohibition on driving while unfit still applies. Police can order a blood test on suspicion of drug influence and take the licence immediately; the road office and prosecution receive the report, and a medical fitness assessment may follow. Road Traffic Act article 86(1) sets a fine up to CHF50,000, with imprisonment up to six months if the fine is uncollectible, rather than an automatic six-month custodial sentence. Article 16 specifies at least three months' licence withdrawal for driving while unfit or intentionally obstructing the required test, with longer periods for specified repeats. Administrative withdrawal and court punishment are separate proceedings.

context › driving › sources

trafficvrv, trafficsvg, trafficpractice

Sri Lanka countries/lk.yaml

sources

Motor Traffic Act — consolidated text through 2024 (Lanka Law reproduction, PDF) Sri Lanka Parliament — Motor Traffic (Amendment) Act No. 10 of 2019 (PDF) Sri Lanka Police — mobile laboratory service for drug-influenced drivers (January 2026) 5 unchanged

context › driving › status

consumption

context › driving › text

Motor Traffic Act section 151 prohibits driving on a road after consuming alcohol or any drug. Suspected drug use can lead to examination by a Government medical officer; the officer's report or refusal of the examination creates a rebuttable evidential rule about consumption. The Act permits regulations on drug concentrations, but no operative THC cutoff was established in this review. Under the 2019 amendment, the ordinary section 151(1) offence carries LKR25,000–30,000 or up to three months' imprisonment or both, plus licence suspension up to twelve months. Driving an omnibus or other vehicle carrying passengers for payment after consumption carries the same fine range or up to six months or both, plus licence cancellation. Sri Lanka Police launched a mobile laboratory programme for bus drivers and conductors in January 2026. Consumption, positive screening and demonstrated impairment must not be treated as interchangeable evidential standards.

context › driving › sources

motortraffic, traffic2019, mobiletesting

Monaco countries/mc.yaml

sources

Monaco Legimonaco — Penal Code, current consolidated text 4 unchanged

context › driving › status

consumption

context › driving › text

Penal Code article 391-15 criminalises driving a land vehicle after use of substances or plants classified as narcotics. It does not require the separate alcohol offence's intoxication standard. The current text provides one month to two years' imprisonment and a €2,250–9,000 fine, or either penalty alone. Article 391-15-1 allows drug screening in specified circumstances including suspected offences, certain traffic violations, crashes and preventive operations authorised by the Minister of State. A positive screen leads to a medical, chemical or biological examination, such as blood analysis; refusal carries the ordinary drug-driving penalties. The 2025 reform adds higher sanctions for specified professional drivers on duty: six months to three years and €9,000–18,000, or either alone. For the ordinary offence, complementary penalties include licence suspension up to two years, cancellation with a reapplication bar up to five years, or a Monaco driving ban up to five years for foreign-licence holders. No numerical THC allowance was established in the provisions reviewed.

context › driving › sources

trafficpenal

Mexico countries/mx.yaml

sources

Mexico Diario Oficial — federal-road traffic amendment published 13 August 2026 Mexico Diario Oficial — Federal Highways and Bridges Traffic Regulations, original text 13 unchanged

context › driving › status

consumption

context › driving › text

The rule shown here applies to federal highways and bridges; state and municipal traffic rules require separate checks. Federal regulation article 93, replaced by the decree published on 13 August 2026 and effective the following day, prohibits driving in a state of psychophysical alteration or ingestion of alcohol, narcotic or psychotropic substances, including medicines affecting driving. A prescription does not exempt the driver. The provision sets a fine of fifty to fifty-five daily quota units; these units are not a fixed peso amount. The National Guard refers the driver to the competent authority and informs the licence issuer of the infringement. Drivers must submit to drug-detection tests requested by authorised transport medical personnel or National Guard personnel conducting the tests. The verified federal text does not specify a numerical THC allowance or an automatic nationwide cannabis-specific licence-ban duration. This ingestion-based wording must not be described as requiring proof of impaired control alone, or as a verified laboratory rule penalising any trace of THC.

context › driving › sources

traffic2026, traffic2012

Panama countries/pa.yaml

sources

Panama ATTT — official published Traffic Regulation, Executive Decree 640/2006 (PDF) Panama ATTT — current traffic offence lookup Panama Procuraduría — official amendment register for Executive Decree 640 4 unchanged

context › driving › status

impairment

context › driving › text

Traffic Regulation articles 142–143 prohibit driving under the effects of narcotics and provide for licence retention and removal of the vehicle when intoxication is established. The transport authority's published offence table still directs drug-influenced driving to articles 251–252, rather than the ordinary fixed-fine rows. Article 251's published schedule provides B/.150 and three months' licence suspension for the first offence, with higher fines and longer suspensions for repetition. Where intoxication is aggravated by a crash, damage to another person's property or injury, article 252's first-offence schedule provides B/.1,000 and a one-year suspension; the third such offence brings definitive cancellation. Seminars or talks are also specified. The 2025 amendment is recorded as changing articles 241 and 243, rather than these intoxication schedules. No numerical THC cutoff or prescribed-cannabis exception was established in the reviewed provisions; alcohol concentration limits must not be substituted for a cannabis allowance.

context › driving › sources

traffic640, trafficlookup, trafficamendments

Papua New Guinea countries/pg.yaml

sources

Papua New Guinea Road Traffic Authority — Road Traffic Act 2014 (PDF) Papua New Guinea Road Traffic Authority — Road User Rules 2017 (PDF) 8 unchanged

context › driving › status

impairment

context › driving › text

Road Traffic Act section 42 criminalises driving on a public street under the influence of alcohol or a drug, including occupying the driving seat and trying to put the vehicle in motion. A first offence carries up to K5,000 or six months' imprisonment or both; repetition raises these maxima to K10,000 and three years. If that driving causes bodily or fatal injury to another person, section 42(2) provides up to K60,000 or ten years or both. Section 44 requires disqualification of at least six months for the ordinary offence and twelve months for the injury offence. Police must facilitate a requested medical examination after arrest. Section 43 permits officers, on reasonable grounds, to forbid driving, take keys and immobilise or remove a vehicle for the necessary period. The 2017 Road User Rules separately describe impaired mental or motor skills and an officer-administered impairment test; their numerical alcohol rules are not THC limits. No quantified THC allowance or general prescribed-cannabis defence was verified.

context › driving › sources

traffic2014, trafficrules

Paraguay countries/py.yaml

sources

Paraguay Congressional Library — National Traffic and Road Safety Law 5016/2014 Paraguay Congressional Library — Law 6868 amending traffic prohibitions Paraguay Congressional Library — Law 6842 amending traffic offence classifications 14 unchanged

context › driving › status

consumption

context › driving › text

National Traffic Law article 66(a), as amended by Law 6868, prohibits driving after consuming narcotics or medicines that diminish driving aptitude, whatever the concentration per litre of blood. This wording does not establish a particular THC detection cutoff. Article 113(g), amended by Law 6842, separately classifies laboratory-established intoxication from drugs altering normal driving capacity as a very serious administrative offence; article 113(h) covers test refusal. The published Law 5016 sets very serious fines at eleven to twenty legal minimum daily wages, with points or disqualification where applicable; this is not a fixed guaraní tariff. Articles 106–107 permit retention/removal of the vehicle and require authorised intoxication tests. Criminal unsafe-driving provisions can apply in addition; the 2014 amendment to Penal Code article 217 specifies up to two years' imprisonment or a fine. Municipal enforcement and current licence-ban periods remain to be checked rather than inferred from the alcohol limits.

context › driving › sources

traffic5016, traffic6868, traffic6842

Qatar countries/qa.yaml

context › driving › text

Traffic Law article 57(2) prohibits driving under the influence of alcohol, drugs or other … uspend a licence, vehicle licence and number plates, or both, for up to ninety days under articles 88–89article 87; this administrative power is separate from the court penalty. Article 32 also bars publi … provisions reviewed do not specify a numeric THC allowance or a medical-cannabis defence.

Zimbabwe countries/zw.yaml

sources

Zimbabwe Ministry of Transport — published Road Traffic Act, Chapter 13:11 7 unchanged

context › driving › status

impairment

context › driving › text

Road Traffic Act section 55(2) prohibits driving or attempting to drive on a road when drugs, alcohol or their combination prevent proper vehicle control. The Ministry's published text provides a fine up to level twelve or up to ten years' imprisonment or both for ordinary vehicles. For a commuter omnibus or heavy vehicle it specifies two to fifteen years, subject to section 88A's exception to mandatory penalties. The published disqualification provisions normally require at least six months for an ordinary first conviction, twelve months for a second similar conviction within the stated ten-year period, and a lifetime ban for a third or later conviction. Commuter-omnibus and heavy-vehicle convictions carry additional lifetime restrictions on those vehicle classes. Courts can decline the ban for recorded special circumstances surrounding the offence; personal circumstances of the offender do not qualify. Licence cancellation follows for the affected vehicle classes. No monetary conversion of the fine level, current roadside tariff or numerical THC limit is asserted here.

context › driving › sources

trafficact

Code, design and documents 3 files

docs/DATA-MAINTENANCE.md +17 −4
@@ -187,5 +187,5 @@ text.
 context:
   driving:
-    status: limit           # impairment | limit | zero
+    status: limit           # impairment | limit | consumption | zero
     text: >-
       A driver with 3.5 ng of THC per millilitre of blood serum commits an offence …
@@ -205,7 +205,9 @@ context:
 ```
 
-- **`driving.status`** is what the law needs to convict a driver: `impairment` (the driver must be
-  shown to be impaired), `limit` (a set THC level in blood or saliva is an offence by itself) or
-  `zero` (any detectable THC). Give the limit and its unit, the penalty and licence consequences,
+- **`driving.status`** describes the reviewed offence trigger: `impairment` (evidence of drug
+  influence or impaired driving), `limit` (a set THC level in blood or saliva is an offence by itself),
+  `consumption` (a prohibition after drug consumption without a verified laboratory THC cutoff)
+  or `zero` (any detectable THC). Do not infer a detectable-THC offence merely from a prohibition
+  after consumption. Give the limit and its unit, the penalty and licence consequences,
   and any separate rule for medical patients, novice or professional drivers.
 - **`visitors.status`** is whether someone who does not live in the country can get cannabis
@@ -749,2 +751,13 @@ Brunei's ban commencement after imprisonment, and Trinidad and Tobago's separate
 alcohol-limit amendment. Ghana's new 2026 regime remains a primary-source follow-up.
 See the same research note for citations and unresolved testing details.
+
+A fourth driving pass added sixteen profiles, reaching 79 of 200 (39.5%). The shared
+`consumption` status now represents Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and Ethiopia without
+claiming a laboratory THC cutoff. Primary-text reviews preserve judicial exceptions,
+regional scope and court-versus-ticket distinctions; unresolved penalties and source
+access are recorded in the same research note. No articles were changed in this pass.
+
+A fifth pass added Monaco, Paraguay, Liechtenstein, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Mexico and
+Panama: 86 of 200 driving sections (43%). The research note records current versus
+deferred amendments, the scope of Mexico’s federal-road rule, prescription
+evidential exceptions and source-access limits. Scores and articles were unchanged.

docs/research/driving-rules-2026-10-12.md +126 −0
@@ -115,2 +115,128 @@ confirms recent legislation and the [DVLA](https://www.dvla.gov.gh/news/101) ide
 insufficient to present a complete current penalty/testing regime. Obtain the primary
 2025 amendment and 2026 regulations before adding the profile section.
+
+## Fourth driving pass — broader coverage
+
+Added sixteen profiles: Uganda, Malawi, Zambia, Fiji, Samoa, Solomon Islands,
+Barbados, Pakistan, Belize, Qatar, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Ethiopia, Georgia,
+Saint Lucia and Guyana. Driving coverage rises from 63 to **79 of 200 (39.5%)**.
+This measures the presence of a sourced driving section, not completeness of every
+penalty, testing procedure or regional rule. Scores and unrelated profile data are
+unchanged by these additions. No articles were created or modified in this pass.
+
+### Classification change
+
+Added `consumption` / “After consumption” to the shared driving vocabulary, schema,
+map legend and comparison/country display. Bangladesh and Sri Lanka, deferred in
+the second pass above, can now be represented without inventing a detectable-THC
+standard. Ethiopia also prohibits driving while taking drugs as well as under
+their influence. Its entry states those alternative triggers explicitly. The
+impairment help text now allows additional offences and explains drug influence
+as well as impaired control. A label describes the reviewed provision; the full
+profile records its scope and other rules.
+
+### Sources and verification limits
+
+| Profile | Sources read | Limits and follow-up |
+|---|---|---|
+| Uganda | [ULII — Traffic and Road Safety Act 1998, consolidated through the 2020 amendment](https://ulii.org/en/akn/ug/act/1998/15/eng%402020-05-22); [Uganda Ministry of Works and Transport — Prohibited Drugs and Alcohol Limit Regulations 2023 (PDF)](https://works.go.ug/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/Traffic-and-Road-Safety-Prohibited-Drugs-and-Alcohol-Limit-Regulations-2023.pdf) | Licence cross-reference has an alcohol condition; no unconditional fixed drug ban inferred. |
+| Malawi | [Malawi Government Trade Portal — Road Traffic Act, Chapter 69:01 (PDF)](https://portal.trade.gov.mw/upload/files/Malawi%20Road%20Traffic%20Act-%20MoTPW.pdf) | Current monetary revisions not established; no conversion of old fine amounts into current tariffs. |
+| Zambia | [ZambiaLII — Road Traffic Act 2002, original enacted text (PDF)](https://media.zambialii.org/media/legislation/20814/source_file/adc699b881e47212/zm-act-2002-11-publication-document.pdf); [Zambia Road Transport and Safety Agency — Road Traffic (Amendment) Act No. 8 of 2022 (PDF)](https://www.rtsa.org.zm/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Road-Traffic-Amendment-Act-No-8-of-2022.pdf) | Penalty units are not kwacha; the licence table does not establish a universal suspension duration. |
+| Fiji | [Fiji Government Trade Portal — Land Transport Act 1998, with 1999 and 2000 amendments (PDF)](https://www.fijitradeportal.gov.fj/upload/files/legal_20250210075550.pdf) | The 2025 upload contains an older consolidation; later penalty amendments remain to be checked. |
+| Samoa | [Samoa Attorney General — Road Traffic Ordinance 1960, 2023 consolidation (PDF)](https://www.ag.gov.ws/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Road-Traffic-Ordinance-1960.pdf) | Consolidation dated 2023; no THC cutoff established by the alcohol-limit provisions. |
+| Solomon Islands | [Solomon Islands Attorney General — Road Transport Act, Cap. 131, current authorised reprint (PDF)](https://attorneygenerals.gov.sb/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/Road-Transport-Act-Cap.-131-v4_as-at-010616.pdf) | Used the current authorised reprint, replacing the historical 2009 download; penalty units kept as units. |
+| Barbados | [Barbados Ministry of Transport and Works — Road Traffic Act, Cap. 295, consolidated through Act 2022-21 (PDF)](https://mtw.gov.bb/index.php/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Road-Traffic-Act-295-consolidated-up-to-2022-21-2022-12-23-1-1.pdf) | Used the 2022 consolidation; the older judiciary PDF and an unenacted bill are unsuitable substitutes. |
+| Pakistan | [Pakistan Ministry of Law and Justice — Provincial Motor Vehicles Ordinance 1965 (Pakistan Code, PDF)](https://pakistancode.gov.pk/pdffiles/administratorfcc61bd4cc647332fccbdffad801bab8.pdf) | Published baseline only; provincial amendments and highway rules need separate research. |
+| Belize | [Belize Attorney General's Ministry — Motor Vehicles and Road Traffic Act, Cap. 230, revised edition 2020 (PDF)](https://www.agm.gov.bz/uploads/laws/63976fd14699b_Cap_230_Motor_Vehicles_and_Road_Traffic_Act.pdf) | Used the Attorney General’s 2020 revision rather than the earlier 2011 copy. |
+| Qatar | [Qatar Al Meezan legal portal — Traffic Law No. 19 of 2007, driving prohibitions](https://www.almeezan.qa/LawArticles.aspx?LawArticleID=54165&LawId=3993&language=en); [Qatar Al Meezan legal portal — Traffic Law No. 19 of 2007, penalties](https://www.almeezan.qa/LawArticles.aspx?LawID=3993&LawTreeSectionID=13205&language=en); [Qatar Al Meezan legal portal — Traffic Law No. 19 of 2007, administrative measures](https://www.almeezan.qa/LawArticles.aspx?LawTreeSectionID=13201&language=en&lawId=3993); [Qatar Al Meezan legal portal — traffic offence points table](https://www.almeezan.qa/ClarificationsNoteDetails.aspx?id=6355&language=en); [Qatar Al Meezan legal portal — public vehicle driving licence conditions](https://www.almeezan.qa/LawArticles.aspx?LawArticleID=54140&LawId=3993&language=en) | Official English statutory extracts were available through the index; live article retrieval was inconsistent. |
+| Bangladesh | [Bangladesh Ministry of Law — Road Transport Act 2018, current official Bengali text](https://bdlaws.minlaw.gov.bd/act-print-1262.html) | Consumption prohibition; no laboratory THC cutoff established. |
+| Sri Lanka | [Motor Traffic Act — consolidated text through 2024 (Lanka Law reproduction, PDF)](https://lankalaw.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Motor-Traffic-Consolidated-2024.pdf); [Sri Lanka Parliament — Motor Traffic (Amendment) Act No. 10 of 2019 (PDF)](https://www.parliament.lk/uploads/acts/gbills/english/6132.pdf); [Sri Lanka Police — mobile laboratory service for drug-influenced drivers (January 2026)](https://www.police.lk/?p=19622) | Underlying consolidation is a third-party reproduction; penalties are sourced to the enacted 2019 amendment. |
+| Ethiopia | [Ethiopia Ministry of Justice — Road Transport Traffic Control Council of Ministers Regulation No. 557/2024 (Federal Negarit Gazette, 19 August 2024)](https://justice.gov.et/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/si%E2%96%91seoseN-seusiNse%C2%A1-557-2016.pdf) | The official PDF’s final schedule page is blank; current monetary penalties remain unresolved. |
+| Georgia | [Georgia Legislative Herald — Criminal Code, current consolidated English text](https://matsne.gov.ge/en/document/view/16426); [Georgia Legislative Herald — Law on Combating Drug-related Crime, current consolidated English text](https://matsne.gov.ge/en/document/view/22132) | Current drug-crime law includes 2025 amendments; clinical evidence and ban exceptions preserved. |
+| Saint Lucia | [Saint Lucia Attorney General's Chambers — Motor Vehicles and Road Traffic Act, 2023 revised laws](https://attorneygeneralchambers.com/laws-of-saint-lucia/motor-vehicles-and-road-traffic-act/section-75); [Saint Lucia Attorney General's Chambers — disqualification from driving upon conviction](https://attorneygeneralchambers.com/laws-of-saint-lucia/motor-vehicles-and-road-traffic-act/section-106); [Saint Lucia National Printing Corporation — Acts 2026 catalogue, Act No. 3](https://npc.govt.lc/laws/acts/2026) | Reviewed the 2026 amendment: it concerns section 28, rather than sections 75 and 106. |
+| Guyana | [Guyana Parliament — Motor Vehicles and Road Traffic (Amendment) Act No. 17 of 2022, gazette PDF](https://parliament.gov.gy/documents/acts/23499-act_no._17_of_2022_2.pdf); [Guyana Department of Public Information / Attorney General — explanation of the 2022 driving amendments (21 April 2023)](https://dpi.gov.gy/govt-concerned-about-high-incidences-of-drunken-driving-resulting-in-road-traffic-accidents/); [Guyana Official E-Gazette — Motor Vehicles and Road Traffic (Amendment) Act No. 12 of 2024](https://officialegazette.gov.gy/api/pdf/980665ea-666d-4c67-8665-ea666dcc6773) | Read the 2022 enacted PDF visually; the 2024 amendment concerns camera enforcement. |
+
+The Barbados review also examined later amendment material dealing with disabled
+parking, tint and fixed-penalty machinery; those subjects do not justify replacing
+section 85’s drug offence with an alcohol tariff. Malta already records its March
+2026 driving rules and did not need another edit. Guyana’s explanatory government
+release omits some special-reasons exceptions and misnumbers amendment sections;
+the enacted PDF controls those details. Saint Lucia’s browser extracts sometimes
+showed the wrong heading for section 106; the directly downloaded page contains
+the disqualification text.
+
+### Researched gaps retained for the next pass
+
+- **Ghana:** obtain the current 2025 amendment and 2026 L.I. 2519 from a primary
+  publisher; the earlier provisions do not establish today’s complete regime.
+- **Tanzania:** mainland 2023 revised traffic law was read, but Zanzibar has a
+  separate statute. Do not silently extend mainland penalties across both systems.
+- **Botswana:** government material describes drug-driving provisions as proposed
+  reforms; a provision about non-motor vehicles cannot establish the motor-car rule.
+- **Bahamas:** the old offence heading mentions drugs, while the amended driving
+  limb in the downloaded text is alcohol-specific. Resolve the current drug rule.
+- **Thailand:** the 2022 transport notice covers professional drivers and transport
+  premises; obtain the general private-vehicle offence and current amendments.
+- **Mexico:** federal roads and state/local laws need separate scope statements.
+- **Mauritius:** distinguish the drug schedules from the penalty-points schedule;
+  check the current consolidation and commencement before assigning a THC category.
+- **Namibia, Eswatini and Lesotho:** several primary or legal-information downloads
+  were blocked; obtain readable current texts before quoting penalties.
+- **Egypt, Nepal and UAE:** current offence triggers, testing rules and licence
+  sanctions need fuller primary-text verification.
+
+These are research leads, not completed profile sections or evidence of the absence
+of a law. Use `node scripts/data-status.cjs driving` for the live remaining list.
+
+Validation for this pass: `npm run build` completed successfully (1,884 pages).
+All sixteen additions were checked against their pre-edit score objects; their
+review dates and source URLs were checked in the generated country pages. The
+homepage includes the new consumption category and legend. Both staged and
+unstaged whitespace checks passed. These checks verify data integrity and output,
+not the unresolved legal details recorded above.
+
+## Fifth driving pass
+
+Added Monaco, Paraguay, Liechtenstein, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Mexico and Panama.
+Coverage is now **86 of 200 profiles (43%)**, up from 79. This remains a count of
+sourced sections, not a claim that all regional rules or procedures are complete.
+Scores and other profile fields were preserved; no articles were created or edited.
+The requested article model tag remains `gpt-6.1-sol-medium` for future article edits.
+
+| Profile | Sources | Verification limits |
+|---|---|---|
+| Monaco | [Monaco Legimonaco — Penal Code, current consolidated text](https://legimonaco.mc/code/code-penal) | Used the current code with the November 2025 reform, rather than the earlier bill. Screening and confirmation distinguished. |
+| Paraguay | [Paraguay Congressional Library — National Traffic and Road Safety Law 5016/2014](https://www.bacn.gov.py/leyes-paraguayas/4418/ley-n-5016-nacional-de-); [Paraguay Congressional Library — Law 6868 amending traffic prohibitions](https://www.bacn.gov.py/leyes-paraguayas/10175/ley-n-6868-modifica-y-ampl-a-el-art-culo-66-de-la-ley-n-5016-2014-nacional-de-transito-y-seguridad-vial); [Paraguay Congressional Library — Law 6842 amending traffic offence classifications](https://www.bacn.gov.py/leyes-paraguayas/9862/ley-n-6842-modifica-el-articulo-112-inciso-x-y-el-articulo-113-inciso-g-de-la-ley-n-50162014-nacional-de-transito-y-seguridad-vial) | Read the two 2021 amendments as well as Law 5016. Minimum daily-wage units left unconverted; municipal procedures remain a follow-up. |
+| Liechtenstein | [Liechtenstein Lilex — Traffic Regulations, current consolidation (PDF)](https://www.gesetze.li/konso/pdf/1978019000); [Liechtenstein Lilex — Road Traffic Act, consolidation in force 1 January 2026 (PDF)](https://www.gesetze.li/konso/pdf/1978018000); [Liechtenstein Road Office — driving while unfit, administrative practice](https://www.llv.li/de/landesverwaltung/amt-fuer-strassenverkehr/administrative-massnahmen-admas-/fahren-im-nicht-fahrfaehigen-zustand-finifaz-) | Current VRV is dated 1 September 2025 and SVG 1 January 2026. Used enacted withdrawal periods rather than the March 2026 consultation proposal. |
+| Costa Rica | [Costa Rica Procuraduría / SINALEVI — Penal Code, current version](https://sinalevi.go.cr/ResultadosNormativa/Informacion?param1=5027&param2=151473&param3=1); [Costa Rica Procuraduría / SINALEVI — Traffic Law 9078, current version](https://sinalevi.go.cr/ResultadosNormativa/Informacion?param1=73504&param2=152296&param3=1) | Retrieved current full text via the public read endpoint used by SINALEVI. The enacted 2026 reform is explicitly deferred until 28 March 2027. |
+| Ecuador | [Ecuador Quito Fire Service transparency portal — COIP, Lexis consolidation updated 24 October 2025 (PDF)](https://lotaip.bomberosquito.gob.ec/transparencia/2026/archivos/coip26.pdf) | Government-hosted Lexis reproduction updated 24 October 2025; later amendments and implementing tests remain to be checked. |
+| Mexico | [Mexico Diario Oficial — federal-road traffic amendment published 13 August 2026](https://sidof.segob.gob.mx/notas/docFuente/5796297); [Mexico Diario Oficial — Federal Highways and Bridges Traffic Regulations, original text](https://sidof.segob.gob.mx/notas/docFuente/5278684) | Used the 13 August 2026 federal amendment, effective the following day. State and municipal regimes are outside the verified federal provision. |
+| Panama | [Panama ATTT — official published Traffic Regulation, Executive Decree 640/2006 (PDF)](https://transito.gob.pa/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/reglamento_decreto_640-1.pdf); [Panama ATTT — current traffic offence lookup](https://transito.gob.pa/otras-consultas/); [Panama Procuraduría — official amendment register for Executive Decree 640](https://infojuridica.procuraduria-admon.gob.pa/norma_screen?numsec=17025) | Used the authority’s PDF and current offence lookup together with the official amendment register. The separate 2025 amendment PDF was inaccessible. |
+
+Mexico’s federal text replaces the earlier suspicion wording with alteration or
+ingestion. Its `consumption` status describes that federal provision, with scope
+stated prominently; no universal nationwide licence ban was inferred. The earlier
+Mexico research lead is therefore partly resolved, while state/local coverage
+remains open. Monaco and Paraguay also use `consumption`; their positive screening
+or laboratory evidence must not be turned into an invented numerical THC cutoff.
+
+For Liechtenstein, the prescription rule concerns automatic evidence of unfitness;
+it does not authorise impaired driving. Imprisonment in default of an uncollectible
+fine was kept distinct from a normal custodial penalty. Costa Rica’s future
+prescription exclusion was not applied before commencement. Ecuador’s special
+professional-driver consumption rule was distinguished from its ordinary offence
+and alcohol thresholds. Panama’s ordinary and crash-aggravated schedules were
+kept separate.
+
+Browser extracts failed for several readable public pages. The Paraguay and Monaco
+texts were downloaded directly. SINALEVI’s published page script documents its
+read-only `_CargarTextoCompleto` request; that returned current version IDs and
+then the full statutory text. The endpoint was used only to read public law.
+Panama’s authority host had a certificate-validation error; the public PDF and
+lookup were read with certificate verification disabled for those downloads.
+No account or private information was accessed.
+
+Validation: `npm run build` passed (1,884 pages). All seven profiles retain their
+pre-edit scores, have the stated review date and render every driving citation.
+The three new consumption entries render the correct label; the homepage legend
+also passed the output check. Staged and unstaged whitespace checks passed.

src/lib/segment-ids.js +4 −3
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ export const CLUBS_STATUS = {
 // Driving after use: what the law needs to convict a driver. Not part of the score.
 export const DRIVING_STATUS = {
-  impairment: { label: "Impairment must be shown", tone: "legal", help: "Driving is an offence only when the driver is shown to be impaired" },
+  impairment: { label: "Impairment must be shown", tone: "legal", help: "The reviewed driving offence requires evidence of drug influence or impairment; additional offences may apply" },
   limit: { label: "Fixed THC limit", tone: "decrim", help: "A set THC level in blood or saliva is an offence by itself, whether or not the driver is impaired" },
+  consumption: { label: "After consumption", tone: "partial", help: "The statute prohibits driving after drug consumption; this does not establish a laboratory THC cutoff" },
   zero: { label: "Zero tolerance", tone: "illegal", help: "Any detectable THC is an offence, however long ago the cannabis was used" },
 };
@@ -45,6 +46,6 @@ export const STATUS_SECTIONS = {
     sub: "Green means cannabis clubs are regulated or tolerated, orange that they work underground, red that none are known.",
     note: "The footing cannabis clubs stand on. Licensed shops and pharmacies are not counted as clubs." },
-  driving: { name: "Driving", chip: "Driving", statuses: DRIVING_STATUS, tiers: { impairment: 5, limit: 3, zero: 0 },
-    sub: "Green means a driver must be shown to be impaired, yellow that a fixed THC limit applies, red that any trace of THC is an offence.",
+  driving: { name: "Driving", chip: "Driving", statuses: DRIVING_STATUS, tiers: { impairment: 5, limit: 3, consumption: 2, zero: 0 },
+    sub: "Green marks a drug-influence or impairment offence, yellow a fixed THC limit, orange a prohibition after consumption, and red a detectable-THC offence. Read each profile for additional rules.",
     note: "What the law needs to convict a driver who has used cannabis." },
   visitors: { name: "Visitors and foreigners", chip: "Visitors", statuses: VISITORS_STATUS, tiers: { open: 5, residents: 3, none: 0 },

    ↑↓ to move, ↵ to open.