Cannabis Freedom Index

Changelog 0d97b87

State that Gandaki's cannabis law is not yet in force, and record Ohio's gift limits and Singapore's resin thresholds.

Fixes #32, #33 and #34.

1 history entry added1 history entry edited3 country profiles edited1 article edited2 files of code, design or docs +205 −72 lines

History changes.yaml

Added 1

Edited 1

Gandaki authenticates a cannabis cultivation law

title

A Nepali province legalisesGandaki authenticates a cannabis farming for medicinecultivation law

description

Gandaki province's law took effect afterOn 3 August 2026 the province chief authenticated Gandaki's Medicinal and Industrial Cannabis Cultivation Act, who hadafter first sent itsending the bill back over conflictsa conflict with federal law, signed it. Farmers with[@2] The gazetted text, section 1(2), starts the Act on a date fixed by a further gazette notice. A review on 13 October had not found that notice.[@3] No licence may grow cannabiscan be issued until the province makes rules under section 31.[@1] Licensed growing would be for medicalmedicinal and industrial use in designated zones, with THC capped at 0.3%. No licence can be issued until the province writes the detailed rules, and the national ban on growing, holding and using cannabis without a licence stays in forcea crime under the national narcotics law.[@2]

sources

Kathmandu Post — Gandaki passed the cannabis law. The harder one comes next (12 August 2026) Policy Nepal — Gandaki cannabis implementation review (updated 13 October 2026) Business 360° — Gandaki Province legalises farming and medical use of cannabis (7 August 2026) 1 unchanged

unscored

The Act is authenticated and not yet commenced, and no licence has been issued, so the national scores stay where they are.

Countries and states 3 files

Nepal countries/np.yaml

segments › cultivation › text

Cultivation is prohibited. Up to 25 plants can bring up to three months or a fine of up to 3,000 rupees; more than 25 plants can bring up to three years or a fine of 5,000 to 25,000 rupees.[@ndca] In August 2026 Gandaki province legalisedauthenticated a law for licensed medicinal and industrial farming for medical use. Section 1(2) of the gazetted Act starts it on a later notice, and a review on 13 October had not found that notice.[@png] No licence can be issued until the first such step sinceprovince makes the 1970srules.[@ktm12]

segments › cultivation › sources

ndca, apktm12, png

segments › access › text

No legal source. The government-licensed shops were closed in 1973, and the 1976 Act still bans sale; a.[@wiki, nt26] Gandaki's 2026 law in Gandaki Province licenses growingis a framework for future medicinal and industrial purposes onlygrowing. It is not a shop or a supply for patients.[@ktm07]

segments › access › sources

nt26, wiki, ktm07

context › production › text

The federal budget for 2024/25 announced legal arrangements for commercial cultivation for medicinal purposes, and.[@b360] Gandaki authenticated a cultivation law on 3 August 2026. Farmers cannot obtain a licence until the Act commences and the province now licenses farmers under supervisionwrites the rules.[@ktm12, png] A national framework is still pending.

context › production › sources

b360, apktm12, png

context › medical › text

Medical use is permittedappears in principle and now infederal plans.[@b360] Gandaki province, but there's 2026 Act is a cultivation framework for medicinal and industrial cannabis, and a patient still has no working national programmelawful supply under it.[@ktm07] A review on 13 October had not found the commencement notice that section 1(2) requires.[@png]

context › medical › sources

ap, b360, ktm07, png

sources

Kathmandu Post — Inside Gandaki's new cannabis law (7 August 2026) Kathmandu Post — Gandaki passed the cannabis law. The harder one comes next (12 August 2026) Policy Nepal — Gandaki cannabis implementation review (updated 13 October 2026) 7 unchanged

Singapore countries/sg.yaml

summary

Death penalty for trafficking overmore than 500 g of cannabis, subject tomore than 200 g of cannabis resin, or more than 1,000 g of cannabis mixture, with narrow exceptions; caning and prison for. Larger possession amounts bring a mandatory prison term and caning. Consumption brings at least one year. Citizens can be prosecuted for use abroad. Cannabinoid pharmaceuticals are approved case by case.

segments › possession › text

Cannabis is a Class A controlled drug under the Misuse of Drugs Act. Possessing any amountless than 330 g of cannabis, less than 130 g of resin, or less than 660 g of mixture carries up to 10 years in prison, a fine of up to S$20,000, or both. Holding more than 15[@mda_sch] From 330 g triggers a legal presumption that you are traffickingto 500 g of cannabis the sentence is at least 10 years and 5 strokes of the cane, which you must disproveand at most 20 years and 10 strokes. ThereMore than 500 g is no tolerated amount of any kindat least 20 years and 10 strokes, and at most 30 years and 15 strokes.[@mda_sch] Resin uses 130 g and 200 g for those same steps, and mixture uses 660 g and 1,000 g.[@cnb_can]

segments › possession › sources

cnbmda_sch, wikicnb_can

segments › cultivation › text

Cultivating any cannabis plant isbrings at least three years or a serious offence with a mandatory minimum prison termfine of at least S$5,000, and up to 20 years or a fine of S$40,000, or both.[@mda_sch]

segments › cultivation › sources

wiki, cnbmda_sch

segments › enforcement › text

The harshest regime in the index. Trafficking, importing or exporting more than 500 g of cannabis, more than 200 g of cannabis resin, or more than 1,000 g of cannabis mixture is a capital offence, with narrow exceptions for qualifying couriers. Cannabis executions have been carried out as recently as April 2026. Between[@mda_sch, cnb_can] From 330 g andto 500 g: of cannabis the trafficking sentence is at least 20 years and 15 strokes of the cane, and up to 30 years or life, plus and 15 strokes of the cane.[@cnb_can] Cannabis executions have been carried out as recently as April 2026.[@cnb_execution]

segments › enforcement › sources

cnbcnb_can, cnb_executionmda_sch, mhcnb_execution

segments › sharing › text

Giving cannabis to another person is trafficking, whether or not money changes hands: for. For under 330 g, a minimum of cannabis the sentence is at least 5 years and 5 strokes of the cane, up toand at most 20 years and 15 strokes. The same first band runs to under 130 g of resin and under 660 g of mixture.[@cnb_can]

segments › sharing › sources

cnbcnb_can

segments › consumption › text

Consumption is itself a crime, proved by a urine test, with at least one year and up to 10 years in prison, and a fine of up to S$20,000.[@cnb_can] Police can require a test without a warrant. Uniquely, citizensCitizens and permanent residents who use cannabis abroad —, even where it is legal —, are liable as if they had used it in Singapore, and can be tested on return.[@mh]

segments › consumption › sources

cnbcnb_can, mh

context › death penalty › text

Trafficking, importing or exporting more than 500 g of cannabis, more than 200 g of cannabis resin, or more than 1,000 g of cannabis mixture is a capital offence, with narrow exceptions for qualifying couriers.[@mda_sch, cnb_can] Cannabis executions have been carried out as recently as April 2026.[@cnb_execution]

context › death penalty › sources

cnbcnb_can, cnb_executionmda_sch, mhcnb_execution

context › visitors › text

There is no legal recreational supply for anyone. Possessing any amountless than 330 g of cannabis carriescan bring up to ten years in prison, a fine of up to S$20,000, or both,. From 330 g the prison term is mandatory and holdingincludes caning. Trafficking more than 15200 g triggers a legal presumption of traffickingcannabis resin can bring death.[@cnb_can, mda_sch]

context › visitors › sources

cnbcnb_can, wikimda_sch

sources

Central Narcotics Bureau — Cannabis (updated 2 July 2026) Misuse of Drugs Act 1973, Second Schedule (Singapore Statutes Online, as at 1 June 2026) 6 unchanged

Ohio countries/us/oh.yaml

summary

2.5 oz from a licensed dispensary or home growing, and six plants per adult, twelve per household. A gift of up to 2.5 oz, or 15 g of extract, is lawful only at a private home or farm. Licensed shops since August 2024; lawmakers have since tightened rules on public use.

segments › possession

UpAn adult may possess up to 2.5 oz (70 g) is legalounces of plant material, or 15 grams of extract, when it was bought at a licensed Ohio dispensary or grown at that adult's primary residence. From 70 to 100 gMarijuana from anywhere else is a minor misdemeanour with a $150 fineoutside that permission. Seeds, live plants and clones grown under the home-grow rule sit outside the 2.5-ounce cap.

segments › cultivation

Six plants per adult, twelve per household, at the adult's primary residence.

segments › sharing

AdultsAn adult may transfergive another adult up to 2.5 ozounces of plant material, or 15 grams of extract, to other adults withoutthe same person on the same day, with no payment. The transfer has to be on privately owned land used mainly as a home or a farm, including the buildings on it. A transfer anywhere else, or for payment, is trafficking. Medical marijuana is outside this gift.

segments › consumption

Private only; lawmakers tightened the rules on public use in 2025Smoking, combustion and vaporising are limited to privately owned land used mainly as a home or a farm. A breach is a minor misdemeanour.

sources

Ohio Revised Code — section 3796.221 (effective 20 March 2026) Ohio Legislative Service Commission — S.B. 56 final analysis 1 unchanged

Articles and atlas entries 1

nepal-gandaki-cannabis-law-2026 articles/nepal-gandaki-cannabis-law-2026.md

text

Nepal's parliament has promised a cannabis law for years and not passed one. In August 20 … is prosecuted under national narcotics law. ## What it does not do Nobody can grow yet. The gazetted Act, section 1(2), starts on a further notice, and a review dated 13 October 2026 had not found one. Licences also wait on regulations, zone designations and a testing laboratory, none of which exist. And … tries use to define hemp. For those reasons [Nepal's](/country/np/) score does not move.

sources

Policy Nepal — Gandaki cannabis implementation review (updated 13 October 2026) The Kathmandu Post — Gandaki passed the cannabis law. The harder one comes next (12 August 2026) Business 360 Nepal — Gandaki province legalises farming and medical use of cannabis 1 unchanged

Code, design and documents 2 files

docs/research/profile-legal-np-oh-sg-2026-10-23.md +19 −0
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+# Gandaki, Ohio gifts and Singapore penalties, 23 October 2026
+
+Issues #32, #33 and #34. Scores were left unchanged.
+
+## Nepal, Gandaki
+
+The Kathmandu Post of 7 August 2026 and the column of 12 August 2026 were read. The province chief authenticated the cultivation Act on 3 August. No licence can be issued until rules are made under section 31. Unlicensed cultivation stays under the national narcotics law.
+
+Policy Nepal's review, updated 13 October 2026, says it read the provincial gazette and that section 1(2) requires a further commencement notice. That review had not found the notice. The profile and the history entry now say the Act is authenticated and not in operation. Nepal's cultivation score stays at 1 and access stays at 0.
+
+The provincial gazette PDF itself was not opened. The commencement sentence rests on that review of the gazette.
+
+## Ohio
+
+Ohio Revised Code section 3796.221, effective 20 March 2026, was read, with the Legislative Service Commission final analysis of Senate Bill 56. A gift is lawful only without payment, only up to 2.5 ounces of plant material or 15 grams of extract to the same adult on the same day, and only on privately owned land used mainly as a home or a farm. Possession of that amount is lawful when the marijuana comes from a licensed Ohio dispensary or lawful home growing. A transfer outside the gift rule is trafficking. Sharing stays at 5, because a capped adult gift remains legal, and possession stays at 5.
+
+## Singapore
+
+The Central Narcotics Bureau cannabis page, updated 2 July 2026, and the Misuse of Drugs Act Second Schedule as at 1 June 2026 were read. Death applies to trafficking, import or export of more than 500 g of cannabis, more than 200 g of cannabis resin, and more than 1,000 g of cannabis mixture. Possession below 330 g of cannabis, 130 g of resin or 660 g of mixture is up to 10 years or a fine of S$20,000. The bands above that carry mandatory imprisonment and caning. Consumption is at least one year and up to ten years. Cultivation is at least three years or a fine of at least S$5,000. Scores stay at 0. The 15 g trafficking presumption was not on the penalty page that was read, so it was left out of the revised sentences.
scripts/history-scope.test.cjs +33 −0
@@ -336,2 +336,35 @@ test("2026 backfill records the licences, bills and delays without moving scores
   assert.match(tea.unscored, /member state/);
 });
+
+test("Gandaki, Ohio gifts and Singapore resin thresholds follow the texts that were read", () => {
+  const np = y.load(fs.readFileSync("countries/np.yaml", "utf8"));
+  const oh = y.load(fs.readFileSync("countries/us/oh.yaml", "utf8"));
+  const sg = y.load(fs.readFileSync("countries/sg.yaml", "utf8"));
+  const gandaki = byId["nepal-gandaki-cannabis-law-2026"];
+  const gift = byId["ohio-gift-limits-2026"];
+  assert.doesNotMatch(np.context.production.text, /now licenses/);
+  assert.doesNotMatch(np.segments.cultivation.text, /legalised licensed/);
+  assert.doesNotMatch(np.context.medical.text, /now in Gandaki/);
+  assert.match(np.segments.cultivation.text, /13 October/);
+  assert.match(gandaki.description, /section 1\(2\)/);
+  assert.match(gandaki.unscored, /not yet commenced/);
+  assert.equal(np.scores.cultivation, 1);
+  assert.equal(np.scores.access, 0);
+  assert.match(oh.segments.sharing, /privately owned land/);
+  assert.match(oh.segments.sharing, /15 grams of extract/);
+  assert.match(oh.segments.possession, /licensed Ohio dispensary/);
+  assert.equal(gift.date, "2026-03-20");
+  assert.equal(gift.subunit, "oh");
+  assert.equal(gift.before, undefined);
+  assert.match(gift.unscored, /scores stay/);
+  assert.equal(oh.scores.sharing, 5);
+  assert.equal(oh.scores.possession, 5);
+  assert.match(sg.summary, /200 g of cannabis resin/);
+  assert.match(sg.summary, /1,000 g of cannabis mixture/);
+  assert.match(sg.segments.possession.text, /330 g/);
+  assert.match(sg.segments.possession.text, /5 strokes/);
+  assert.match(sg.segments.consumption.text, /at least one year/);
+  assert.match(sg.context.death_penalty.text, /200 g of cannabis resin/);
+  assert.equal(sg.scores.possession, 0);
+  assert.equal(sg.scores.enforcement, 0);
+});
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