Cannabis Freedom Index

Changelog e3cf019

Expand Cayman Islands history and cite its country profile

7 history entries added2 history entries edited1 country profile edited2 articles written1 file of code, design or docs +531 −72 lines

History changes.yaml

Added 7

Edited 2

Cayman voters back decriminalising small amounts of cannabis

description

In a non-binding referendum held alongside the general election, voters in the Cayman Islands approvedvoters backed decriminalising the consumption and possession of small amounts of cannabis in the referendum held on 30 April 2025. The same ballot rejected cruise berthing facilities[@1,2] Premier André Ebanks later told Parliament that 55.64% supported the proposal and approvedpromised a national lotteryLaw Reform Commission review of possession limits, penalties and safeguards.[@1] The commission opened public consultation in July 2026, with possession and consumption still criminal offences under the existing law.[@2]

sources

Cayman Islands Parliament — Premier André Ebanks, answer to Question 19, 27 June 2025 Cayman Islands Law Reform Commission — Cannabis Reform discussion paper, 1 July 2026 Wikipedia — 2025 Caymanian referendum

related

cayman-cannabis-reform-referral-2025, cayman-cannabis-reform-consultation-2026

Cayman expects cannabis reform proposals in November or December

title

Cayman expects cannabis -reform recommendations and draft legislationproposals in November– or December

description

In the 2 October parliamentary sitting, the Premier saidAndré Ebanks told Parliament that the final cannabis-reform report and supporting legislation were expected to reach the Attorney General for Caucus and Cabinetgovernment consideration betweenin November andor December 2026.[@1] The earlier July consultation examined personalhad asked about possession and uselimits, home cultivationgrowing, administrative penalties and historicclearing old minor convictions, following the 2025 referendum. This timetable update is not enactment[@2] Adults remained subject to the existing criminal law while the review and preparation of decriminalisationlegislation continued.[@3]

sources

Cayman Islands — Misuse of Drugs Act (2026 Revision) 2 unchanged

tags

thresholds, amnesty

related

cayman-cannabis-reform-consultation-2026

Countries and states 1 file

Cayman Islands countries/ky.yaml

summary

Possessing or consuming cannabis is a crime with heavy maximum penaltiesCannabis possession, use, growing and possession is the most common drug offence the police recordsupply remain criminal offences. Prescribed cannabisA doctor may prescribe extracts are legaland tinctures through the medical route introduced in 2016. Voters backed decriminalising small amounts in aApril 2025 referendum; after a public consultation, the premier expected reform recommendations and draftsupporting legislation is expected at the end ofin November or December 2026.

segments › possession › text

Possession of cannabisUnauthorised possession is an offence under the Misuse of Drugs Act. For less than acannabis or resin below one pound, the statutory maximum is a fine of CI$20,000 and seven years' imprisonment in prison with hard labour, rising to ten years foron a repeat conviction; larger amounts carry moreattract higher repeat-offence penalties.[@law] These are statutory maxima; the Act also provides community service and attendance orders as sentencing options in specified cases.[@law]

segments › possession › sources

lrclaw

segments › cultivation › text

Producing cannabis without authorisation is an offence under the same section as possession and supply, with no exception for a few plants at home. A home-cultivation limit is one ofand the options in theAct’s definition of production includes cultivation.[@law] The 2026 reform consultation asked whether to permit up to four plants per household; the existing law provides no personal home-growing allowance.[@law,lrc]

segments › cultivation › sources

law, lrc

segments › enforcement › text

Possession of ganja was by far the most common drug offence in 2023:Police recorded 73 ofganja-possession offences and 16 consumption offences among 150 recorded drug crimes, with a further 16 for consuming it. Possession in 2023; possession offences rose againby 36 in 2024. The Law Reform Commission reports that police say thesedrug charges mostlyoften arise from investigations into supply investigations or importation, or from encounters for other reasons.[@lrc] Courts may make community service or attendance orders in specified cases, alongside or instead of other sentencing options; the prison maxima do not describe every sentence imposed.[@law]

segments › enforcement › sources

lrc, law

segments › sharing › text

Selling, supplying, distributingUnauthorised supply or givingdistribution of cannabis to another person is an offence, with no exception for sharingincluding supplying it without payment. Fifteen[@law] The Law Reform Commission records 15 ganja-supply offences were recorded in 2023.[@lrc]

segments › sharing › sources

law, lrc

segments › consumption › text

Consuming cannabisUnauthorised consumption is ana separate offence in itself, punishable bywith a maximum fine of CI$3,000 and three years' imprisonment in prison with hard labour, and uprising to CI$10,000 and ten years from the third conviction. Possessing a pipe or utensil for consuming itcontrolled drugs is also an offence.[@law] Prescribed medical extracts and tinctures have an express lawful-use exception.[@law]

segments › consumption › sources

lrclaw

segments › access › text

No legal adult-use source. Section 2A of the Misuse of Drugs Act allowsA locally licensed medical doctor may prescribe cannabis extracts andor tinctures to be used for medical or therapeutic purposes on a patient under that doctor'’s prescription; othercare and must set the dose. The authorised supply route includes licensed pharmacists, retail pharmacies and lawful importers.[@law] Buying or supplying cannabis products remain controlledfor recreational use remains an offence.[@law]

segments › access › sources

lrclaw

context › production › text

No licensed cannabis production. The reform under consultation concerns personal possessionAct prohibits unauthorised production, use and homeincluding cultivation; its medical exception provides for extracts and tinctures through doctors, notpharmacists and importers.[@law] In August 2017, Canadian producer Cronos reported a commercial marketcompleted oil shipment to Caribbean Medical Distributors, working with a George Town hospital pharmacy.[@cronos]

context › production › sources

lrclaw, ky26cronos

context › products › text

Only prescribed cannabis extractsCannabis and tincturesresin are controlled drugs. Outside a prescriptionExtracts, extracts, tinctures, cannabinol and itsspecified cannabinol derivatives are classed asfall within the Act’s hard drugs with higher penalties than herbal-drug classification, while prescribed medical extracts and tinctures have a lawful-use exception.[@law] The 2026 reform consultation asked whether any decriminalisation should cover dried cannabis alone.[@lrc]

context › products › sources

law, lrc

context › medical › text

The medical-extract amendment commenced on 18 November 2016. A doctor licensed locally may prescribe cannabis extracts andor tinctures for medical or therapeutic purposes and determines the dosage.[@law] The Law Reform Commission notes that’s July 2026 review focused on recreational possession and use because medical and therapeutic use iswas already permitted and left it out of the reform review.[@lrc]

context › medical › sources

law, lrc

context › consequences › text

In a non-binding referendum inAfter the April 2025 referendum, Premier André Ebanks told Parliament that 55.64% of voters backed decriminalising the consumptionhad supported decriminalisation and possession of small amounts. Cabinet referredthat the questionissue would go to the Law Reform Commission, whose.[@answer] Its July 2026 paper put options to consultation, among them aasked about 30 g possession limit and up tograms of dried cannabis, 150 grams wet, four plants per household, administrative penalties and the treatment of historicclearing old minor convictions.[@lrc] In October 2026 the Premier saidpremier expected the final report and draftsupporting legislation were expected in November or December.[@timetable]

context › consequences › sources

answer, lrc, ky26, wikireftimetable

context › clubs › text

NoUnauthorised supply and distribution remain offences, with no exception for supplying cannabis clubs are knownthrough a recreational club. Supplying cannabis to another person is an offence[@law] The 2026 consultation asked whether importation, production, distribution and sale should remain illegal.[@consult]

context › clubs › sources

lrclaw, consult

context › visitors › text

There is no legal recreational supply for anyoneRecreational possession, use and importing cannabis is an offenceimportation are offences under the Act.[@law] The prescriptionlawful medical route covers onlyrequires extracts andor tinctures prescribed by a doctor licensed under Cayman’s Health Practice Act for a patient under that doctor’s care.[@law]

context › visitors › sources

lrclaw

sources

Cayman Islands — Misuse of Drugs Act (2026 Revision) Cronos Group — First company shipment of medical cannabis oil to Cayman, 29 August 2017 Cayman Islands Parliament — Premier André Ebanks, answer to Question 19, 27 June 2025 Cayman Islands Government — Public Comments: Cannabis Reform, 1 July 2026 Wikipedia — 2025 Caymanian referendum 2 unchanged

Articles and atlas entries 2

Code, design and documents 1 file

docs/research/history-cayman-gap-2026-10-23.md +116 −0
@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+# Cayman Islands history gap — 23 October 2026
+
+Seven events fill the gap between the estimated first restriction and the 2025
+referendum: the 1973 replacement law, 1977 penalties, 1978 forfeiture changes,
+2016 medical-extract reform, a producer's 2017 oil shipment, the June 2025 reform
+referral and July 2026 consultation. Two existing referendum/timetable entries
+were revised. Two articles explain the 1977 and 2016 changes. Six segment texts
+and six context blocks now use inline citations against the current statute and
+primary parliamentary or consultation materials.
+
+## Evidence actually read
+
+Downloads, full extractions, source metadata and scripts are retained locally in
+`tmp/history-cayman-gap-2026-10-23/`; exact URLs are in `sources.json`.
+
+- The official *Misuse of Drugs Act (2026 Revision)* was downloaded from GOV.KY
+  (`law.pdf/.txt`). Definitions, medical section 2A, offences in section 3,
+  penalties in section 16, relief/alternatives in sections 37–44, cannabis
+  schedule entries and the complete legislative-history table were examined.
+  The Act distinguishes statutory maxima from community service/attendance
+  options in specified cases. No claim that maximum prison terms describe
+  typical sentencing is made. Existing numeric enforcement calibration remains
+  a question for a broader sentencing-practice review.
+- UN document E/NL.1979/42–45 was recovered from the Digital Library's direct
+  download endpoint (`un-direct.pdf/.txt`). The alternative UN document API did
+  not return a PDF. The original 1973 law, including offences, sentencing and
+  cannabis definition, and the full 1977 and 1978 amendments were read. The
+  scanned 1977 penalty/mitigation page (PDF page 9) was visually checked.
+- The 1973 text supplies the original five-year first-possession ceiling and
+  ten-year repeat ceiling with hard labour. It replaces an earlier Dangerous
+  Drugs Law, so it is not evidence of Cayman's first cannabis restriction.
+  The earlier law itself was not recovered; the first-ban estimate stays.
+- In 1977, offences including cannabis possession below one pound carried up to
+  seven years for a first conviction; a repeat conviction carried five months
+  to seven years and a CI$5,000–15,000 fine. At one pound or more the first
+  conviction minimum was five months, with a repeat range of two to ten years.
+  The restriction on specified probation/sentencing powers was read in context.
+  The separate hard-drug schedule must not be applied to ordinary ganja.
+- The 1978 change concerns forfeiture, including vehicles and aircraft within
+  the original definition of vessel. It replaces the first-conviction discretion
+  and fixed CI$6,000 redemption provision with mandatory forfeiture on specified
+  findings and conditional restoration. An innocent-owner route and a separate
+  value-based payment route must not be collapsed into an automatic right to
+  reclaim the property.
+- Commencement dates for these laws come from the official 2026 legislative
+  history: 12 December 1973, 12 April 1977 and 4 July 1978. They are distinct
+  from the earlier assent dates printed on the 1977 and 1978 originals.
+- The published August 2016 medical-extract bill was downloaded from Parliament
+  (`bill.pdf/.txt`); its memorandum and all clauses were read. It is labelled a
+  proposal, not passed off as the original final Act. The final permission is
+  checked against the current Act, whose legislation history records enactment
+  on 24 October and commencement on 18 November 2016. The original final
+  amendment PDF could not be recovered from the old legislation server, which
+  returned errors. No bill-only additional condition is represented as enacted.
+- Cronos Group's full 29 August 2017 release was downloaded from PR Newswire
+  (`cronos.html/.txt`). This is a primary company account of its own completed
+  Peace Naturals shipment, buyer and pharmacy partner. It establishes neither
+  Cayman's first-ever medical import nor patient numbers, benefits or typical
+  access. Distributor pages were blocked; their snippets were not used.
+- Premier André Ebanks's complete written answer to Parliamentary Question 19,
+  dated 27 June 2025, was downloaded (`answer.pdf/.txt`). Its reported 55.64%
+  referendum support and promised reform referral replace the old Wikipedia
+  citation. The July 2026 paper separately dates Cabinet's referral to that day.
+- The election-office results PDF was downloaded but its district tables were
+  not fully reconciled. No independently calculated national vote totals or
+  denominator claims are added. The percentage is attributed to the premier.
+- The Law Reform Commission's full relevant sections 1–2, 4.2–4.3 and section
+  10 of its 1 July 2026 paper were read. Its 30 grams dried / 150 grams wet,
+  four plants per household and expungement proposals are consultation options,
+  not enacted permissions. Reform rationale is attributed to the commission.
+- GOV.KY's complete 1 July consultation announcement and the relevant passage
+  in its 5 October report of the 2 October parliamentary sitting were read.
+  The latter expects a report and supporting legislation for government review
+  in November/December, not automatic legalisation at that time.
+
+## Scores, categories and unresolved history
+
+Current scores and classifications remain unchanged: possession 1, cultivation 1,
+enforcement 2, sharing 1, consumption 0, access 1; medical `limited`. The 2016
+medical event now carries access 0 → 1, reflecting the statutory prescription
+and authorised supply route. This removes its projection back into the estimated
+first restriction. The first estimated step becomes 100 → 10; the 2016 step is
+10 → 11. The 2017 shipment is a trade milestone, filed as culture with patients
+and trade tags, not a second score increase.
+
+The 1977 penalties refine an existing custodial regime; a separate numeric
+change would require more historical sentencing evidence and a reconstruction
+of intervening relief reforms. Its explicit unscored reason records this limit.
+The 1978 forfeiture amendment has an unscored reason because collateral property
+consequences do not change a whole personal-freedom segment. The 1973 replacement
+law is `other`, without treating it as a newly discovered first ban.
+
+Outstanding work includes the earlier Dangerous Drugs Law, the original final
+2016 amendment, intervening sentencing-relief amendments and sentencing practice.
+The 1977 article links those historical restrictions to the present alternatives
+without assigning an unverified introduction date to those alternatives.
+
+## Validation and commit isolation
+
+Both articles meet the writing rules: 406 and 393 words, four headings, valid
+inline citations and contextual history/profile links. The batch verifier checks
+categories, tags, source identities, citation keys, related links, all twelve
+profile citation blocks and unchanged current scores/statuses. The score-chain
+check flags no transitions.
+
+The production build passed: 3,864 pages in 38.78 seconds. Rendered checks cover
+80 citation links across all nine touched history pages, the profile's two
+reference scopes, eight tag
+pages, history exports and the profile API. Generated site output is deleted
+after verification. Source PDFs, logs and verification scripts are retained.
+
+The commit uses a temporary separate Git index to include only this batch's nine
+history objects, Cayman profile, two articles and this note. A semantic audit
+against the current parent commit verifies that other history objects are
+unchanged. Concurrent source-archive work and any unrelated staged or working
+changes are preserved.

    ↑↓ to move, ↵ to open.