Cannabis Freedom Index

Changelog 56790ca

Update France's fixed fine and Ireland's cannabis driving limits.

Fixes #21 and #22. The French on-the-spot fine is €500 from 20 August 2026, and Ireland's blood rule includes 5 ng/ml of THC-COOH plus a medical exemption certificate.

1 history entry added2 country profiles edited2 files of code, design or docs +140 −25 lines

History changes.yaml

Added 1

Countries and states 2 files

France countries/fr.yaml

summary

One of Europe's strictest laws alongside its highest use rates; most users receive. Since 20 August 2026 illicit use can be ended by a fixed fine of €200 on-500, or €400 if paid within 15 days and €1,000 if the-spot fine is increased. A medical experiment has run since 2021. CBD flower is legal.

segments › possession › text

Using or possessing cannabisIllicit use of a drug scheduled as a narcotic is a criminal offence punishable by up to one year in prison and a €3,750 fine. Since September 2020 police20 August 2026 the prosecution for that offence, including a repeat offence, can instead issuebe ended by a fixed fine on the spot for amounts under 50 g:of €200500, reduced to €150400 if paid within 15 days and raised to €450 if late1,000 once the fine is increased. Article L3421-1 sets no gram amount for that fine. Accepting it means the cannabis is destroyed and the offence is entered on the criminal record.

segments › possession › sources

csp, loi2026, cidj

segments › enforcement › text

Among Europe's strictest laws on paper, applied mainly as mass fixed fines of €500 — hundreds of thousands a year — concentrated in poorer neighbourhoods. The one-year prison sentence remains available.

segments › enforcement › sources

cidj, csp

context › consequences › text

The fixed fine is recorded on the criminal record and in a national database for ten years. A court that convicts someone under articles L3421-1 or L3421-6 may also suspend a driving licence, or a licence to operate a powered pleasure boat, for up to three years. Roadside saliva tests penalise any trace of THC.

context › consequences › sources

cidj, loi2026

context › visitors › text

There is no legal recreational supply for anyone. Using or possessing cannabisIllicit use is a criminal offence punishable by up to one year in prison and a €3,750 fine; since September 2020 police. Since 20 August 2026 the prosecution can instead issuebe ended by a fixed fine on the spot for amounts under 50 g, of €200500, or €400 if paid within 15 days and €1,000 if the fine is increased.

context › visitors › sources

cidjcsp, loi2026, cx

sources

Légifrance — Code de la santé publique, article L3421-1, in force 20 August 2026 Légifrance — Law 2026-798 of 18 August 2026, Journal officiel 19 August 2026 10 unchanged

Ireland countries/ie.yaml

context › driving › text

Ireland has a fixed limitsets two limits in whole blood, measured within three hours of driving: 1 nanogram of THC per millilitre, and 5 nanograms per millilitre of whole bloodthe metabolite 11-nor-9-carboxy-THC. Reaching either level is an offence without proof of impairment. A medical exemption certificate in the prescribed form, signed by the prescribing doctor and stating that THC was lawfully prescribed at which athat time, takes the driver is treated asoutside those two limits. Driving while impaired; for remains a medicinal product, and under the generalseparate offence, impairment must be shown. Police may stop at random at designated checkpoints and test on suspicion, with roadside oral-fluid tests since April 2017 and blood taken at a police station. Exceeding the limitThe threshold offence brings a ban of at least one -year ban; the general, or two years for a later offence. The impairment offence brings at least four years for a first offence and six for later ones. The fine is up to 5,000 euros and prison up to six months.

context › driving › sources

rta2016, rta2010, si158, rsa, euda_dd

sources

Road Traffic Act 2016, section 8 (Irish Statute Book) Law Reform Commission — Road Traffic Act 2010, revised Schedule S.I. No. 158/2017 — Road Traffic Act 2010 (Medical Exemption Certificate) Regulations 2017 Road Safety Authority — Drug Driving 12 unchanged

Code, design and documents 2 files

docs/research/profile-legal-fr-ie-2026-10-23.md +17 −0
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+# France fixed fine and Ireland driving limits, 23 October 2026
+
+Issues #21 and #22.
+
+## France
+
+Read on Légifrance. Article L3421-1, version in force 20 August 2026, punishes illicit use of a scheduled narcotic with one year and €3,750. The prosecution, including a repeat offence, can be extinguished by a fixed fine of €500, reduced to €400 and increased to €1,000. The article states no gram amount.
+
+Law 2026-798 of 18 August 2026 was published in the Journal officiel of 19 August 2026. Article 25 replaces the old €200 / €150 / €450 figures and adds article L3421-7(I): a court may suspend a driving licence, or a licence to operate a powered pleasure boat, for up to three years, for the offences in L3421-1 and L3421-6. The suspension cannot be limited to driving outside work and cannot be suspended. Article 28 rewrites Code de procédure pénale article 495-18: the reduced fine applies if paid to the officer at the time or within 15 days of the notice.
+
+The code page marks L3421-1 in force from 20 August 2026. The law text itself has no separate commencement article for article 25. Enforcement stays at 3. The procedure is still a fixed fine, with prison still available, so the higher amounts do not move a level on the scale. The history entry is an unscored tightening. The older “under 50 g” wording is removed from the current profile because L3421-1 does not set that figure.
+
+## Ireland
+
+Read from the enacted Road Traffic Act 2016, section 8. Section 4(1A) makes it an offence to drive with a scheduled drug at or above the scheduled concentration in blood within three hours, without a separate impairment finding. The Schedule sets 1 ng/ml of Δ9-THC and 5 ng/ml of 11-nor-9-carboxy-Δ9-THC. Section 4(1B) disapplies that offence for those two drugs where the driver holds a medical exemption certificate in the prescribed form, signed by the prescribing doctor, stating that THC had been lawfully prescribed. S.I. 158/2017 prescribes that form.
+
+The Law Reform Commission revised Schedule still shows those two figures, annotated only as inserted on 13 April 2017. Section 4(1), read in the revised Act, remains the impairment offence. The Road Safety Authority page states the threshold ban as at least one year, or two years for a later offence, and the impairment ban as four years then six. The maximum it states is a €5,000 fine and six months. Scores and history are unchanged.

scripts/history-scope.test.cjs +19 −0
@@ -191,2 +191,21 @@ test("Ghana distinguishes the personal-possession fine from buying for personal
   assert.equal(act.before.possession, 0);
 });
+
+test("France's 2026 fine and Ireland's driving limits follow the statutes", () => {
+  const fr = y.load(fs.readFileSync("countries/fr.yaml", "utf8"));
+  const ie = y.load(fs.readFileSync("countries/ie.yaml", "utf8"));
+  assert.match(fr.summary, /€500/);
+  assert.match(fr.segments.possession.text, /€400/);
+  assert.match(fr.segments.possession.text, /€1,000/);
+  assert.doesNotMatch(fr.segments.possession.text, /50 g/);
+  assert.match(fr.context.consequences.text, /three years/);
+  assert.equal(fr.scores.enforcement, 3);
+  const fine = byId["france-fixed-fine-2026"];
+  assert.equal(fine.date, "2026-08-20");
+  assert.equal(fine.category, "tightening");
+  assert.equal(fine.before, undefined);
+  assert.match(fine.unscored, /fixed-fine procedure/);
+  assert.match(ie.context.driving.text, /5 nanograms/);
+  assert.match(ie.context.driving.text, /medical exemption certificate/);
+  assert.doesNotMatch(ie.context.driving.text, /treated as impaired/);
+});

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