Cannabis Freedom Index

Changelog f8ea300

Expand Aruba history and update revised cannabis prosecution policy

6 history entries added1 history entry edited1 score changed3 articles written2 files of code, design or docs +645 −65 lines

Score changes 1 place

  1. Aruba2124+3possession 3 → 4

History changes.yaml

Added 6

Edited 1

Aruba tells prosecutors to drop many cannabis cases up to 5 grams

tags

thresholds, sentencing, youth

title

Aruba sets out its soft-drug prosecution policytells prosecutors to drop many cannabis cases up to 5 grams

description

Guideline 7935/2021 took effect. Its Article 4 table specified dismissal andAruba’s prosecution guideline set surrender and dismissal for the 0–5 g soft-drug band, withsubject to exceptions forincluding minors, repeat offending, other offencesanother offence and specified circumstancessettings.[@1] For the 5–250 g the possession/courier band ittable set a demandsentencing request of up to one month, potentially partly suspended, with three years'’ probation.[@1] The document distinguished prosecutor demands fromguideline drew on policies elsewhere in the offence itself and provided higher demands for intermediaries and organisersDutch Caribbean; a revised instruction later raised the dismissal band to 30 g. No legal retail or cultivation right was created.[@1,2]

related

curacao-prosecution-guideline-2018, aruba-cannabis-prosecution-revision-2025

sources

Prosecutor-General of Aruba — Revised narcotics instruction (2025) 1 unchanged

Countries and states 1 file

Aruba countries/aw.yaml

possession 3 → 4

summary

Cannabis is illegal under the Narcotic Drugs Ordinancepossession remains an offence, but since 2021 the revised 2025 prosecution guideline drops cases of up to 5 g once the drugs are surrendered. Between 5 and 250 g prosecutors askinstruction provides for at most a monthsurrender and dismissal in prisonthe 0–30 g band, often suspendedwith exceptions. There is no legal source, medical or recreationalLarger personal amounts can attract fine requests. Low-THC CBD has a separate medicinal import route.

segments › possession › text

PossessionCannabis possession is an offenceprohibited under the Landsverordening verdovende middelen, which distinguishes soft drugs from hard drugsordinance. Under[@amendment] The revised prosecution instruction sets surrender and dismissal for the prosecutor-general's guideline in force since 11 February 2021, a user amount of up to 50–30 g of soft drugs is dropped once the drugs are surrendered-drug band, unless combined with another offence, in repeat cases,exceptions for minors, or in places such as a carnival paraderepeat offending, a workplace or a government buildinganother offence and specified settings. For 5 to 250[@om25] The next 30–100 g the demand is at most one month in prison, wholly or partly suspended, with three years' probationband has a proposed fine of AWG 250.[@om25]

segments › possession › sources

om21amendment, om25

segments › cultivation › text

Growing cannabis is an offence under theThe ordinance’s cannabis controls cover growing, preparation and manufacture.[@amendment] The guideline sets no lenient amountgovernment created a medicinal-cannabis agency and invited proposals for plants; penalties followlicensed production, with awards contingent on legislative changes and agreements.[@bureau, rfp] In a documented individual case, the quantity involvedminister refused a business cultivation permission in March 2023.[@court]

segments › cultivation › sources

om21amendment, bureau, rfp, court

segments › enforcement › text

Small amounts are seized and destroyed withoutThe revised instruction governs prosecution, decisions and penalties above that rise withsentencing requests.[@om25] Its possession/courier table calls for fines of AWG 250 in the quantity30–100 g band, halved compared with cocaineAWG 750 in the 100–300 g band and AWG 1,500 in the 300–500 g band; from 250500 g. Resident first offenders, requests are usually offeredhalf the hard-drug table.[@om25] Qualifying resident defendants can receive a request for a wholly or partly suspended sentencessentence with three years’ probation.[@om25]

segments › enforcement › sources

om21om25

segments › sharing › text

Intermediaries in soft drugs face demandsThe ordinance controls selling, delivering and supplying cannabis.[@amendment] The instruction distinguishes users, dealers and people organising transport; it says a dealer’s duration of up to two months for 5 to 250 gactivity, organisers up to fourintensity and profit can be more useful sentencing factors than the quantity found. No exception is made for sharing without payment.[@om25]

segments › sharing › sources

om21amendment, om25

segments › consumption › text

Small personal amounts are not prosecutedThe ordinance prohibits using cannabis alongside possession.[@amendment] The small-quantity prosecution policy has exceptions for adults, but use in public places such aspossession during a carnival paradesparade, at work or in a government buildings removes the leniencybuilding, andas well as for minors with a user amount are prosecuted so that help can be imposedand repeat offending.[@om25]

segments › consumption › sources

om21amendment, om25

segments › access › text

No legal sourceCommercial import, storage and distribution of CBD medicines with no more than 0. No medical2% THC require ministerial permission following a health-inspectorate assessment.[@iva] Growing and supplying other cannabis programme is in operationremain controlled by the ordinance; the government’s medicinal-production invitation made awards contingent on legislation and agreements.[@amendment, rfp]

segments › access › sources

om21iva, amendment, rfp

context › production › text

None licensedThe medicinal-cannabis agency was created to supervise cultivation, manufacturing, quality and trade, including stocks and exports.[@bureau] A subsequent invitation sought proposals for cultivation, processing, or both, with limited exemptions to follow agreements and legislative changes.[@rfp]

context › production › sources

om21bureau, rfp

context › products › text

No legal cannabisThe 2019 rules designated CBD and its preparations as medicines, including preparations combined with THC, and excluded CBD preparations with no more than 0.2% THC from a narcotics designation.[@cbd82, cbd83] The separate exception for specified supplements, foods and external-use products was withdrawn in January 2020.[@repeal] Current commercial guidance applies a 0.2% THC maximum to the CBD medicinal import route.[@iva]

context › products › sources

om21cbd82, cbd83, repeal, iva

context › medical › text

No medical CBD products with no more than 0.2% THC are treated as medicines under the health inspectorate’s import rules.[@iva] The government’s medicinal-cannabis programme isproduction proposals required further legislative changes and agreements before awards.[@rfp] A later court record documents one business being refused growing and manufacturing permission in operation; the prosecution guideline makes no exception for medical users2023.[@court]

context › medical › sources

om21iva, rfp, court

context › consequences › text

Drugs are always seizedThe prosecution instruction calls for confiscation and destroyed,destruction of drugs and the prosecution service aims to confiscateseeks recovery of criminal proceeds.[@om25] Repeat offencesoffending within five years raiseraises the penalty demandsentencing request; the person’s role, profit and circumstances also matter.[@om25]

context › consequences › sources

om21om25

context › clubs › text

NoThe ordinance prohibits growing and supplying cannabis clubs are known,outside its permissions.[@amendment] The medicinal-production invitation concerns selected operators working under agreements and there is no coffeeshop toleranceexemptions.[@rfp]

context › clubs › sources

om21amendment, rfp

context › visitors › text

ThereThe instruction’s small-quantity table is no legal supply for anyoneexpressed in quantities and circumstances; separate guidance on suspended sentencing requests applies to qualifying Aruba residents. The guideline[@om25] It generally does not offerrequest probation-service reports tofor non-residents, and suspended sentences are aimed at residentswhile allowing defendants or lawyers to present personal circumstances.[@om25]

context › visitors › sources

om21om25

sources

Aruba — Amendment to the Narcotic Drugs Ordinance, AB 2012 no. 51 Prosecutor-General of Aruba — Revised narcotics instruction (2025) Aruba — Decree creating the Bureau Medicinale Cannabis Aruba, 9 June 2020 no. 2 Bureau Medicinale Cannabis Aruba — Amended request for proposals for medicinal cultivation and processing (2021) Aruba Court of First Instance — Cannacrossaruba Healthy licensing dispute, 14 May 2025 Inspectie Volksgezondheid Aruba — Importing CBD products Aruba — Designation of cannabidiol as a medicine, AB 2019 no. 82 Aruba — Cannabidiol narcotics regulation, AB 2019 no. 83 Aruba — Withdrawal of the cannabidiol product exceptions, AB 2020 no. 7 Procureur-generaal van Aruba — Richtlijn Landsverordening verdovende middelen, 7935/2021 (in force 11 February 2021)

Articles and atlas entries 3

Code, design and documents 2 files

docs/research/history-aruba-gap-2026-10-23.md +123 −0
@@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
+# Aruba: CBD rules, medicinal production and revised prosecution policy
+
+Research completed 23 October 2026. Aruba began this batch with two history entries.
+Six additions bring it to eight; the 2021 prosecution entry is revised. Three articles
+cover the 2019 CBD regulations, the 2020 agency and the revised 2025 prosecution instruction.
+All twelve profile text blocks now use inline citations, with tags on every touched event.
+
+## Primary sources and date decisions
+
+The original **AB 2012 no. 51** was downloaded, read in full and its operative pages visually
+inspected. Signed 29 November and published 7 December, it commenced **8 December 2012**.
+It expanded cannabis coverage to seeds and leaves unaccompanied by tops, enumerated growing,
+processing, sale, supply, transport, possession/use and manufacturing controls, and added police
+search powers. A prosecutor can authorise clothing searches for everyone in a designated area
+for at most twelve hours after the specified consultations. The entry describes these powers,
+not a claim of searches actually carried out or a newly established cannabis-wide ban.
+The earlier 1990 consolidation was also retrieved, but its faulty OCR and later amendments
+mean it is not used to infer a new first-ban date. The existing first-restriction estimate
+and window remain unchanged.
+
+The complete **AB 2019 nos. 82, 83 and 84** were read. Each was signed 20 December, published
+23 December and commenced **24 December 2019**. No. 82 designates CBD and preparations,
+including combinations with THC, as medicines; its second article addresses supply of products
+with no more than 0.2% THC. No. 83 designates cannabis preparations under narcotics law with
+an exception for CBD preparations at that ceiling. This is not an exemption for every hemp
+plant or low-THC flower. No. 84 made specified external-use products, herbs, supplements, foods
+and drinks non-medicinal when they met the ceiling.
+
+**AB 2020 no. 7** withdraws no. 84 only, because it did not fully match the intended policy.
+It was signed 14 January, published 16 January and commenced **17 January 2020**. It does not
+repeal nos. 82 or 83. The health inspectorate's current Papiamento guidance confirms that the
+commercial CBD route is medicinal, with a 0.2% THC maximum and permission for importing,
+storing and distributing after assessment of legal, quality and safety requirements. It does
+not verify every product marketed locally, pharmacy inventories or patient numbers.
+
+The agency decree in **Landscourant 3 July 2020, pp. 34–36**, was read in full. It was signed
+**9 June** and expressly takes retroactive effect from **1 June 2020**, used for the event.
+The government agency was assigned permits, quality supervision, records, treaty reporting and
+coordination of stocks and trade. The amended 2021 request for proposals was read on both pages;
+it describes limited cultivation/processing exemptions following agreements and makes awards
+contingent on parliamentary legislative changes. Its projected award date is not evidence of
+awarded licences or operating production. No separate event is assigned a publication date
+from the filename alone. The revised organisational decree in the January 2021 gazette is
+retained as a follow-up source, not used to infer an additional liberalisation.
+
+The official XML body of **ECLI:NL:OGEAA:2025:123**, decided **14 May 2025**, was retrieved
+from `data.rechtspraak.nl`. The public HTML page alone did not expose its body. The full facts
+and assessment were read. They document a **20 March 2023** refusal of one business's growing
+and manufacturing applications, alongside a conditional refusal of CBD import permission while
+documents were awaited. The inspectorate later said the CBD refusal became final when documents
+were not received. The event is about that decision affecting that business, not a nationwide
+refusal policy. The 2025 judgment concerns a later failure-to-decide appeal after an actual
+administrative decision had already been made; it does not grant a cultivation licence.
+
+## The 2025 instruction was verified, not assumed from a travel guide
+
+A derivative travel guide led to a reported 30 g revision. The old prosecution webpage and
+its PDF still describe 5 g, but the prosecution service's current **Richtlijnen** index links
+a separate revised instruction. Its actual six-page scanned PDF was downloaded and all pages
+visually inspected; no machine-extracted text was available. Page 6 is blank. The original
+2021 PDF and its table were also read, with the currently hosted signed scan visually checked.
+
+The revised cover says evaluated/revised **16 June 2025**, retains the original 2021 effective
+date, and the signature on page 4 is **14 July 2025**. The event uses the signed document date,
+not an independently verified June commencement. This discrepancy remains visible in the source
+locator and article. The source URL's August directory is not treated as commencement.
+
+The new soft-drug table shows 0–30 g surrender/dismissal; 30–100 g AWG 250;
+100–300 g AWG 750; 300–500 g AWG 1,500; and from 500 g half the hard-drug requests.
+These are prosecution decisions and sentencing requests, not court sentences observed in use.
+The printed bands overlap at endpoints; the text preserves the source's bands. Exceptions
+include another offence, recidivism, minors and specified circumstances such as carnival,
+workplaces and government buildings. The minor discussion still mentions 0–5 g: the broader
+dismissal table must not be applied to minors indiscriminately. Resident suspended-sentence
+requests and non-resident probation-report guidance are distinct from eligibility for the
+quantity policy. The new table's intermediate roles are marked not applicable below 500 g;
+the profile does not carry forward the old organiser/intermediary demands into the new bands.
+
+## Scores and classifications
+
+The verified broadening of dismissal and substitution of fines warrants **possession 3 → 4**,
+consistent with the 25 g dismissal policies in Sint Maarten and Curaçao. The new 2025 easing
+entry carries the exact prior six-score vector. Enforcement remains 4, cultivation 1, sharing 1,
+consumption 2 and access 0. No general personal growing or sharing right was verified.
+The earlier estimated first restriction's vector is preserved; the score timeline now separates
+the 2025 improvement from the older baseline.
+
+The CBD rules and supplement withdrawal are explicitly unscored for intoxicating-cannabis
+access. The medical label remains **none**, following the schema's explicit exclusion of
+CBD/hemp alone and future proposals; the retrieved production invitation makes awards dependent
+on legislative adjustments and agreements. Creation of an administrative bureau alone does not
+verify an operating patient programme. The current profile describes the verified CBD route and
+production proposals rather than making the old unsupported claim that no legal products exist.
+The 2012 entry has an unscored reason: broader controls/search powers without enough evidence
+to assign a separate whole-point personal-use enforcement change. The agency and individual
+refusal are context events. Recreational status, dependency, club and visitor statuses remain.
+
+## Evidence and verification
+
+Inputs, texts, inspected images, snapshots, scripts and logs are retained in
+`tmp/history-aruba-gap-2026-10-23/`. A direct Council of Advice PDF request returned 403;
+its search extract was a research lead only and is not cited as a read report. The bureau's
+actual original decree was retrieved successfully instead. No secondary travel-guide claims
+about legal maximum sentences were used. No newly identified source was represented as read
+without reading its substantive body.
+
+Scoped checks pass for the six additions, one revised entry, tags, categories, title lengths,
+inline sources, related IDs and all twelve profile blocks. Articles contain 376, 402 and 382
+words, each with four headings and country/history links. The score chain has no flagged steps.
+Build, export and rendered-reference results follow below. Temporary site output is deleted
+after verification; research evidence remains.
+
+The full build passed: **3,831 pages in 35.88 seconds**. All **136 rendered citation links**
+on seven touched history pages and the country profile resolve to unique, consecutive targets.
+Nine relevant tag pages exist. History JSON and CSV contain all six new IDs with no raw citation
+marks. The profile API has six segments and six populated context blocks; its final score
+matches the CSV exact score **23.5** (rounded 24). Possession exports as 4 and all five other
+segment values match the baseline. Medical remains None, following the CBD-only rule in the
+schema. Home, comparison and score exports have no raw citation marks. Scoped checks, the
+Aruba score-chain check and `git diff --check` passed.
+
+Deleted `tmp/history-aruba-gap-2026-10-23/site/` after verification. Research files, original
+PDFs, inspected images, scripts and the build log remain.

source-archive.json +42 −2

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