Cannabis Freedom Index

Changelog cbc9f32

Expand Montenegro history and profile with inline citations

6 history entries added2 history entries edited1 country profile edited4 articles written1 file of code, design or docs +705 −96 lines

History changes.yaml

Added 6

Edited 2

Montenegro publishes a drug law covering possession and hemp

title

Montenegro proclaims its Law on Prevention of Drug Abusepublishes a drug law covering possession and hemp

description

Montenegro published its drug law after President Filip Vujanović promulgated it on 3 June.[@1] The law (Official Gazette 28/11) bans usingbrought prevention, producing, tradingtreatment and holding drugs for personal use (Article 45)controlled production and setstrade into one statute; by its 2013 consolidation, personal possession carried a fine of €100 to –€2,000 euros for an individual who holdsmisdemeanour fine and food or industrial hemp required a drugpermit and a buyer for personal use contrary to the law (Article 52)whole harvest. The Criminal Code keeps prison for selling and for giving drugs to others[@1] Detailed hemp-permit rules followed in 2014.[@2]

sources

Montenegro — hemp and poppy cultivation permit rules, 2014 1 unchanged

tags

hemp, sentencing, treatment

unscored

Publication milestone; the source is consolidated through 2013, so the original date of each penalty is not reconstructed here.

related

montenegro-hemp-permits-2014, montenegro-medical-proposal-2014

Montenegro police find about 13,100 cannabis plants near Bar

title

MontenegrinMontenegro police find about 13,100 cannabis plants near Bar

description

In an operation named Trnovo, coordinated by the Higher State Prosecutor's Office in Podgorica, police foundPolice reported finding eight connected cannabis plots with about 13,100 cannabis plants in full growthTrnovo, in the municipality of Bar municipality, equipped with irrigation and security systems. Twoarresting two men, aged 40 and 65, were arrested at the site on suspicion of unlawfuldrug production, possession and distribution of narcoticssupply.[@1] The site had irrigation and security equipment, and theofficers collected evidence and cut down plants were destroyed. Reports called[@1] Police described it as the country’s largest discovered marijuana plantation found in; the countryinvestigation brought a third arrest in October and complaints against two further suspects in March 2026.[@2,3]

sources

Montenegro Police Directorate — third suspect arrested in the Trnovo investigation Montenegro Police Directorate — complaints against two further Trnovo suspects 1 unchanged

tags

enforcement, eradication, trafficking

related

montenegro-trnovo-third-arrest-2025, montenegro-trnovo-further-complaints-2026

Countries and states 1 file

Montenegro countries/me.yaml

summary

Holding aPersonal drug for personal use ispossession carries a misdemeanour with a fine of €100 to –€2,000 euros; sellingmisdemeanour fine. Unlawful cannabis production, producingsale and giving drugscannabis to others are crimes withanother person can bring prison; low-THC food and industrial hemp has a permit route.

segments › possession › text

Article 45 of the Law on Prevention of Drug Abuse (Official Gazette 28/11 and 35/13) bans using, producing, trading and holdingHolding drugs for personal use. Article 52 makes holding a drug for personal use contrary to the drug law carries a misdemeanour for an individual, with a fine of €100 to –€2,000 eurosmisdemeanour fine.[@law] The Criminal Code (Article 300) makes it a crime, with 2sets two to 10ten years in prison for selling, to sell, offeroffering for sale, or buybuying, holding or possesstransporting drugs for the purpose of selling; simple possession for own use is not listed theresale.[@cc]

segments › cultivation › text

GrowingFood and industrial hemp or poppy withoutrequires a cultivation permit isand a misdemeanourcontract for the whole crop; a scientific legal entity can grow under a separate land-registration exception.[@law] The permit rules cover hemp with at most 0.2% THC in dry plant material.[@hemp] Breaching the permit-and-contract requirement carries a fine of €100 to –€2,000 euros for an individual (Article 52)fine, and permits are given only for food and industrial purposes (Article 18). Unlawfully producing narcotic drugs or plants containing them is a crime with 2while unlawful drug production carries two to 10ten years (Criminal Code Article 300)in prison. The sources read do not say which applies to a few plants grown for personal use.[@law,cc]

segments › cultivation › sources

law, hemp, cc

segments › enforcement › text

For personal use the statute setsPersonal possession carries a misdemeanour fine onlyunder the drug law. No source was found on how often it is applied or whether an unpaid fine becomes custody[@law] Police reported about 13,100 cannabis plants and two arrests at Trnovo in August 2025, followed by a third arrest in October and complaints against two further suspects in March 2026.[@raid,follow25,follow26]

segments › enforcement › sources

law, raid, follow25, follow26

segments › sharing › text

Article 301 of the Criminal Code makes it a crime, with 6 months to 5 years, to give narcoticGiving drugs to another person for theirconsumption, encouraging use or otherwise facilitate their use; 2providing premises for it carries six months to 10five years in prison; aggravated cases such as against a minorcarry two to ten years.[@cc] Selling cannabis or givingholding it for further sale is 2carries two to 10ten years (Article 300); organising a network of dealers or intermediaries carries three to fifteen years.[@cc]

segments › consumption › text

Article 45The drug law prohibits usingunauthorised drug use and holding drugs. The only sanction found for a user is the Article 52 fine for holding a drug for personal use. Its individual-penalty article expressly fines personal possession €100–€2,000.[@law] Giving drugs to another person or providing premises for consumption can bring prison under the Criminal Code.[@cc]

segments › consumption › sources

law, cc

segments › access › text

None for personal usePersonal possession remains punishable, and selling cannabis carries a prison sentence. Hemp[@law,cc] Food and poppy may be grown only under industrial hemp follows a separate cultivation-permit for food and industrial purposes (Article 18)whole-crop purchasing route; the law allows drugs forcontrolled medical use only under its conditionsand pharmaceutical production and trade require licences.[@law]

segments › access › sources

law, cc

context › production › text

NoneThe drug law allows controlled medical and pharmaceutical production and trade by licensed legal entities. It also provides a permit route for food and industrial hemp and a registered-land exception for scientific institutions.[@law] Unlawful drug production carries two to ten years in prison.[@cc]

context › production › sources

cannlaw, cc

context › products › text

No legalThe cultivation-permit rules cover food and industrial hemp containing at most 0.2% THC productsin dry plant material.[@hemp] The drug law separately regulates hemp preparations for medical or pharmaceutical purposes through licensed legal entities and purchase contracts with growers.[@law]

context › products › sources

cannhemp, law

context › medical › text

No programme; one wasThe drug law provides licences for controlled medical and pharmaceutical activities and permits possession of a drug-containing medicine within the quantity prescribed by a doctor.[@law] Liberal Party MP Andrija Popović proposed medical cannabis for serious illness in 2014.[@medical14] In 2022, Legalizuj.me and went nowherepatients renewed the campaign for medical access and broader reform.[@patient]

context › medical › sources

cannlaw, medical14, patient

context › consequences › text

The retained sources do not establish collateral consequences beyondCriminal Code requires the penalties described aboveconfiscation and destruction of drugs and production equipment under its production-and-supply offence. A person convicted under that offence who reveals their supplier may be excused punishment.[@cc]

context › consequences › sources

cc

context › planting › text

The Law on Prevention of Drug Abuse countsdrug law includes acquiring and possessingor holding seed, sowing and, planting as part ofand growing within cultivation of plants for drugs.[@law] Hemp may be grown only for food and industrial purposes-permit applicants must give their variety, by people or firms holding aquantity of certified seed, growing permitarea and a contract to sell the whole crop to a registered buyerplanned sowing and harvest. The text read is the 2011 law as amended in 2013Hemp-growing land must be reported by 1 May each year.[@hemp]

context › planting › sources

zszdlaw, hemp

context › clubs › text

NoGiving cannabis clubs are known, and the law leaves no room for them: growing cannabis and supplying it to another person for consumption and making premises available for drug use are both prohibitedcriminal offences carrying six months to five years in the basic case.[@cc] Food and industrial hemp cultivation follows the separate permit and contracted-buyer system.[@law]

context › clubs › sources

law, cc, law

context › visitors › text

TherePersonal drug possession is no legal recreational supply for anyone. British travel advice says illegal drugspunishable by a €100–€2, including cannabis000 misdemeanour fine, carry severe penalties and tells travellersselling cannabis carries two to expect a long jail sentence and heavy fines for possessing, using or smuggling them, also when only changing planesten years in prison. Airport scanners are also used on[@law,cc] Bringing drugs into Montenegro for the baggage of passengers in transitsupply offence carries two to twelve years.[@cc]

context › visitors › sources

law, fcdocc

sources

CINMED — Montenegro’s drug law, consolidated through October 2024 Montenegro — Criminal Code, consolidation through Gazette 121/2025 Montenegro — hemp and poppy cultivation permit rules, 2014 Vijesti, republished by N1 — Montenegro police find a cannabis plantation in Trnovo Montenegro Police Directorate — third suspect arrested in the Trnovo investigation Montenegro Police Directorate — complaints against two further Trnovo suspects Beta, republished by Blic — Liberal Party proposes medical cannabis in Montenegro Pobjeda, republished by Portal Analitika — U Americi recept, u Crnoj Gori nanogica GOV.UK (FCDO) — Foreign travel advice: Montenegro, safety and security Zakon o sprječavanju zloupotrebe droga, prečišćen tekst (Sl. list CG 28/11, 35/13), gov.me Criminal Code of Montenegro (English version, consolidated to OG 49/2018), UNODC The Cannigma — Cannabis laws in Montenegro 2 unchanged

Articles and atlas entries 4

Code, design and documents 1 file

docs/research/history-montenegro-gap-2026-10-24.md +41 −0
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+# Montenegro history and profile review — 24 October 2026
+
+Six new entries, two revised entries and four new articles extend the five-event Montenegro history. All six current scores, the existing historical score vectors and recreational/medical metadata are preserved (exact score 18). The separately researched driving section and both of its source records are preserved verbatim. All rewritten profile sections and batch entries/articles use inline references. New and revised entries have vocabulary-checked tags.
+
+## Material read
+
+Local downloads, text extractions, fetch scripts and verification logs are retained in `tmp/history-montenegro-gap-2026-10-24/`. These are research material, not build outputs. The temporary `site/` build is removed after verification.
+
+- Government drug law, consolidated through 2013: preamble, definitions, prevention/treatment, cultivation and whole-crop sale, medicine production/trade, prescribed possession, travellers, prohibited conduct and individual penalties. Government document `afd3651b-7fdd-43b9-b324-6e1e1a1a36cb` is the public citation. The alternative download saved as `law2011.pdf` is ALSO consolidated through 2013; its filename does not make it an original 2011 statute.
+- CINMED official reproduction consolidated through Gazette 84/2024, applicable from 1 October 2024: relevant definitions and articles 18–23, 42a–46 and 52. This upgrades the profile's cited consolidation, but is not a complete October 2026 consolidation.
+- Complete two-page 2014 cultivation-permit rules: signed 24 June, published 30 June and expressly effective 8 July. Article 1 uses at most 0.2% THC in **dry plant matter**. Applications identify certified-seed quantity, variety, parcel, intended crop dates and whole-harvest purchase-contract number. The hemp-land notification deadline is 1 May each year; the 30-days-after-sowing rule is for poppy. Linked annexed forms were not needed for these claims and were not read.
+- Criminal Code reproduction by Asistent, consolidated through Gazette 121/2025: complete articles 300–301. Ordinary unlawful production/supply: two to ten years; import for that supply offence: two to twelve; dealer/intermediary network: three to fifteen. Giving drugs for consumption or providing premises: six months to five years, aggravated two to ten. The confiscation/destruction rule and possible excuse from punishment after revealing a supplier are express. No case-specific sentence is inferred from these ranges.
+- Beta's 13 October 2014 report, republished by Blic and credited to Ilija Despotović: Liberal Party MP Andrija Popović proposed medical cannabis for pain in serious illness. The headline's reference to Montenegro proposing legalisation is narrowed to the MP/party identified in the body. Date is the news report, not an established introduction or vote date.
+- Pobjeda interview republished by Portal Analitika on 13 June 2022: petition over 6,500 signatures, parties' stated positions and Edin Šarkinović's account. His medical benefits and six-month electronic-monitoring punishment are attributed to his account. No judgment was retrieved; no specific offence, sentence date or general medical efficacy is inferred. The report says roughly 50 g in its introduction and quotes him giving 52.8 g; the article uses roughly 50 g.
+- Vijesti report republished by N1 on 24 August 2025, quoting police: eight connected plots, about 13,100 plants in full growth, irrigation/security equipment, evidence collection and cutting of plants, two arrests and related searches. The rewrite avoids upgrading cutting into a separate verified destruction procedure.
+- Police Directorate statements of 29 October 2025 and 3 March 2026: third arrest (N.D., 31, Bar), followed by supplementary complaints against A.M., 42, and M.V., 49, Zeta. **The last two were reported as complaints, not arrests.** Police accounts concern suspicions and investigative work; no conviction or guilt finding is asserted. The 2026 statement describes trace examinations, forensic work and analysis; the article does not invent a specific DNA or phone finding.
+
+## 2026 amendment: distinguish the proposal from the enacted text
+
+The cabinet approved a drug-law proposal on 17 July; its announcement was published on 20 July. The complete government PDF (`75bcde52-c123-45eb-a6ea-1f8148f93bde`) is explicitly marked **PREDLOG**. Read the operative draft, especially definitions, EUDA coordination/data reporting, police possession, advertising, early warning and changes to individual penalties. It keeps the 0.2% industrial-hemp definition, existing possession fine and permit system, while adding an individual advertising offence and new-psychoactive-substance controls. These are presented as **proposals** in a debate entry.
+
+The Official Gazette registry (`https://www.sluzbenilist.me/propisi/396958`) records a drug-law amendment in Gazette 117/2026, published and effective **7 August 2026**. This enacted milestone is mentioned with the registry as source; detailed draft wording is not silently presented as the final law. The full final act remains a retrieval task.
+
+The parliamentary legislative-committee report of 28 July was read through web extraction (`https://zakoni.skupstina.me/zakoni/web/dokumenta/sjednice-radnih-tijela/4543/12250-24-7-26-2-.pdf`). It records accepted technical amendments, including correction of the proposed advertising fine's cross-reference and conjunction. A publicly accessible Kruna article-52 preview, though labelled with the 2026 amendment, omitted the newly proposed point 9 even after the committee had approved its correction. Consequently it is not relied upon as a complete current consolidation. No authentication or free-reading limit was bypassed.
+
+The profile retains the existing personal-possession fine and supply penalties, now tied to more recent statutory reproductions. The draft and publicly indexed 2026 criminal-code amendment lists did not identify a change to those core penalties; this is not certification of all final 2026 wording. Retrieve the full final drug-law amendment and criminal-code amendments in Gazettes 117/2026 and 137/2026 before asserting exhaustive current coverage. The draft alone is insufficient for adding an enacted advertising offence to the profile.
+
+## Dates, scores and unresolved history
+
+- The 2011 entry now says **publication on 10 June**, with promulgation on 3 June distinguished. It explicitly dates the fine and hemp provisions to the **2013 consolidated text**, avoiding an unsupported claim that the exact later wording first applied in 2011. The Official Gazette registry gives 17 June commencement while the consolidation has an eighth-day clause; no resolution of that discrepancy is claimed. Original 2011 and 2013-amendment FAO PDFs returned access errors and require later retrieval.
+- The 2014 hemp implementation is unscored: it details an existing licensed food/industrial route. It does not prove a new personal-growing entitlement. The statutory misdemeanour for breaching hemp permits does not establish that every few-plant personal grow avoids the criminal production offence. Obtain judicial treatment of that boundary before changing cultivation 1.
+- Generic medical/pharmaceutical licences and prescribed-medicine possession are reported accurately. They do not establish an operating cannabis patient programme. No medical-access or access score is raised. The blanket old claims of no production and no legal THC products were replaced with the specific hemp/licensing rules the sources actually support.
+- Existing 1930 first-restriction and 1950 Yugoslav score allocations were not reconstructed in this pass. The 1930 source remains weak and should be replaced with the original code and cannabis-specific coverage before treating it as a fully audited first prohibition. The original date of fine-only personal possession remains open.
+- A search found a 7 December 2022 parliamentary transcript suggesting a later medical-cannabis debate. Its PDF returned 404 to direct and web retrieval. This is a lead, not a new checked entry or an established successful vote.
+- EUDA's October 2024 national overview was partly read through web extraction, but direct downloads were blocked. No new survey or arrest statistic is derived from it in this batch.
+
+## Verification
+
+`verify.mjs` checks all batch categories, tags, IDs, related links, source coverage, inline citation placement, article length/headings and country links. It also asserts that current scores, existing Montenegro score vectors and the driving section and its source records match the saved baseline. The four articles are 375–395 words with four sections each.
+
+The production build passed: **4,005 pages**. Rendered verification passed for **103 citation links**, affected history and country pages, all batch tag pages, history exports, the profile API and exact score 18. No raw citation marks leaked into the checked rendered text or exports. The temporary `site/` directory was deleted after verification. The commit uses a private index with only owned history objects, the Montenegro profile, four articles and this memo; unrelated staged and working-tree changes to `source-archive.json` are preserved.

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