Expand Luxembourg: supply ranges, hemp exemption and medical access history

2018-0608-05

Luxembourg legalisesopens a medical cannabis prescribing route

Parliament voted unanimously to allow medical cannabis. Doctors with special training maySpecially trained doctors could prescribe itapproved cannabis products for chronic painqualifying serious illnesses, chemotherapy nausea and multiple sclerosis, dispensed free of charge bywith dispensing reserved to hospital pharmacies. The July law took effect in August; patient dispensing began in February 2019 after doctors completed training.

Luxembourg Health Ministry — Medical cannabis programme evaluation 2022, legal framework and appendix Wikipedia — Cannabis in Luxembourg

upto 3 g · treatment criminal · fine 500 · note Away from the authorised home; €145 warning payment is an alternative to court. Lawfully grown harvest may be kept at home · fine min 25 · term Unauthorised personal possession, over 3 g · treatment criminal · prison min 8 days · prison 6 months · fine 2500 · note Unauthorised personal possession; the home-grown harvest exception remains separate; prison or a fine, or both · fine min 251 · term Unauthorised personal possession

upto 4 plants · treatment legal · note Adults, from seed, per household, at the authorised residence and hidden from public view · term Cultivation, over 4 plants · treatment criminal · prison min 8 days · prison 5 years · fine 250000 · term Cultivation · fine min 500 · note Prison or a fine, or both, label Cultivation outside the authorised residence · treatment criminal · prison min 8 days · prison 5 years · fine 250000 · note Applies even within the four-plant cap; Prison or a fine, or both · term Cultivation · fine min 500

Not allowed. Home-grown cannabis is for the household's own useSelling, offering, importing or otherwise putting cannabis into circulation carries one to five years and handing it/or €500–€1,250,000 under Article 8.[@druglaw] Specified locations raise the minimums to anyone elsetwo years and €1, paid000; supplying minors or notcausing specified serious injury can bring five to ten years and €1, remains a250–€1,250,000.[@druglaw] Organised activity or supply resulting in death can bring fifteen to twenty years and €1,250–€1,250,000, with life imprisonment where the death-related offence concerns a minor.[@druglaw] Facilitating another person’s cannabis use carries a separate €251–€25,000 fine.[@loi2023]

cmsdruglaw, mondaqloi2023

Adults may useconsume their lawful harvest at home. Public[@loi2023] Unauthorised public use can receivebring a €145 warning payment or €25–€500 criminal fine. Use at work[@loi2023] Using in front of minors, in schools or in the presence of minors can bringat work carries eight days to six months and/or €251–€2,500; using together with.[@loi2023] Offering cannabis to minors carries six months to two years and/or €500–€25,000.[@homeguideloi2023]

homeguideloi2023

There is no legal place to buy cannabis. Seeds can be bought inThe [2023 home-growing law](/history/luxembourg-home-grow-2023/) provides a personal harvest route, without recreational shops or online; a planned second phase with state-regulated production and sale has not been enactedlicensed clubs.[@loi2023] Medical cannabis is prescribed by specially trained doctors and dispensed through hospital pharmacies under the [2018 medical law](/history/luxembourg-medical-2018/).[@druglaw]

cmsloi2023, guidedruglaw

nonehemp

NoRecreational commercial production of recreational cannabis is permittedgrowing and supply remain subject to the drug-law offences. Medical cannabis is imported under state contract[@druglaw] The schedule separately excludes authorised agricultural hemp varieties and qualifying non-intoxicating commercial varieties below 1% THC.[@schedule] The medical programme uses centrally procured products dispensed by hospital pharmacies.[@medreport]

guidedruglaw, schedule, medreport

Paying athe €145 warning and receiving a courtwithin forty-imposed criminal fine are different outcomesfive days stops prosecution under the small-possession procedure.[@loi2023] Driving has a separate offence thresholdImmediate payment entails surrender of 1 ng/mL or more in blood serumthe cannabis for destruction; a contested allegation leads to seizure for analysis.[@healthfaqloi2023] HomeCourt-growing permission provides no exemption from that road ruleimposed criminal fines follow a separate route.[@healthfaqloi2023]

loi2023, healthfaq

Home growing is authorised only from seed:Adults may grow up to four plants from seed per household at the authorised residence. Seeds[@loi2023] Seed labels must be labelled withidentify the producer's details, the number of seedsquantity and a health warning.[@loi2023] The law giveshousehold permission expressly covers seed propagation; it provides no corresponding permission to grow fromfor cuttings, so cuttings remain cannabis that may not be sold.[@loi2023]

Since nothing may be sold, anyone who does not grow buys illegally; reducing that was a stated aim of the 2023 law, and no data on whether it has worked were foundRELIS’s 2025 factsheet records 426. Luxembourg is also a transit point. Customs intercepted more than two tonnes1 kg of cannabis at the airport's cargo centre in 2025,resin and 99 kg of herb seized nationally in March 2026 a single consignment2023; much of more than 123 kg from the United States, boundresin was in transit.[@relis2025] Its 2024 laboratory samples averaged 16.4% THC for Franceherb and 33. The public prosecutor says drugs seized in Luxembourg are as a rule destined5% for other European countriesresin.[@relis2025] In a [May 2026 parliamentary answer](/history/luxembourg-synthetic-cannabinoid-samples-2026/), not the home market, and that the volumes point to structured networksministers reported synthetic cannabinoids in five samples sold as CBD/THC-A products by 15 April.[@synthetics2026]

pj26relis2025, pplu25synthetics2026

The EU drugs agency's statistical bulletinEUDA records 1,014 cannabis-related drug-law offences in Luxembourg in 2024, against 1,102 in 2023. Of the 2024 total,including 880 were for use or possession for use.[@euda_dlo] These are offences, rather than a cannabis-only arrest or prisoner count.[@euda_dlo] The separate police annual reportfigure reported for 2024 separately recordswas 207 arrests for drugs ofinvolving all kinds, up 37% on the year before; holding up to 3 g in public is normally settled with a fine of 145 eurosdrugs. Countries count these differently (offences or offenders, criminal or administrative), so the figure is not comparable across borders.[@pj25]

No clubs are known, and the law gives them no place. The [2023 law allows growing at ](/history/luxembourg-home-grow-2023/) permits household growing and nothing else: there is no licensed retail and no provision for cannabis clubsprivate use, while supply and selling, swapping or giving cannabis tofacilitating another person remains prohibited’s use remain punishable. A Europe[@loi2023,druglaw] It provides no licensed growing-wide survey inassociation route.[@loi2023] The 2018 and –2019 foundEuropean club survey identified no active club in Luxembourg. A public petition in 2025 asked parliament to create a legal framework for clubs as an addition to home growing; after twelve days it had about 100 of the 5,500 signatures needed for a debate, and the press noted that the club model had hardly been seriously discussed in the country. A plan for state-controlled shops was dropped in 2022.[@pardal20]

pplu25loi2023, pardal20druglaw, le25pardal20

standardhigh

Hemp from authorised industrialThe controlled-drug schedule excludes hemp varieties is treated separately, with a fieldeligible under the EU agricultural support system and qualifying non-cropintoxicating commercial varieties with less than 1% THC.[@schedule] The agricultural reference of 0.3% and food-safety limits serve different purposes.[@foodhemp] That crop threshold does not authorise the same concentration in foodSmokable or vaporisable hemp flower and resin below 1% THC have been subject to excise and VAT since [March 2019](/history/luxembourg-hemp-excise-2019/).[@foodhempexcise] Hemp seeds and their oil have an established food use, while cannabinoidCannabinoid-rich CBD food extracts require novel-food authorisation before sale as food.[@foodhemp]

schedule, foodhemp, excise

Legilux — Drug law of 19 February 1973, consolidated 21 July 2023 Legilux — Controlled-drug schedule, consolidated 21 July 2023 Luxembourg Health Ministry — RELIS key findings 2025 Luxembourg ministers — Answer to parliamentary question 3906, received 15 May 2026 Luxembourg Health Ministry — Medical cannabis programme evaluation, 2022 Luxembourg Customs — Cannabis products below 1% THC 18 unchanged

EUR

label Supply, sale or import · treatment criminal · term Supply · prison min 1 year · prison 5 years · fine min 500 · fine 1250000 · note Prison or a fine, or both; Article 8, label Supply in specified locations · treatment criminal · term Supply · prison min 2 years · prison 5 years · fine min 1000 · fine 1250000 · note Prison or a fine, or both; prisons, schools, social-service centres or specified nearby activities, label Supply to minors or causing specified serious injury · treatment criminal · term Aggravated supply · prison min 5 years · prison 10 years · fine min 1250 · fine 1250000 · note Article 9, label Organised activity or supply causing death · treatment criminal · term Aggravated supply · prison min 15 years · prison 20 years · fine min 1250 · fine 1250000 · note Article 10, label Death-related supply offence concerning a minor · treatment criminal · term Aggravated supply · life mandatory · note Article 10, second paragraph, label Facilitating another person’s use · treatment criminal · term Facilitating cannabis use · fine min 251 · fine 25000 · note Article 7-1(3)

EUR

label Lawful harvest at home · treatment legal · term Private consumption, label Unauthorised public use · treatment criminal · term Cannabis use · fine min 25 · fine 500 · note €145 warning payment may settle the case, label Use before minors, at school or work · treatment criminal · term Cannabis use · prison min 8 days · prison 6 months · fine min 251 · fine 2500 · note Prison or a fine, or both; Article 7-1(4)

word cannabis · lang French · meaning cannabis; official term · sources loi2023, word chanvre · lang French · meaning hemp; official term · sources schedule, word herbe · lang French · meaning herbal cannabis; report term · sources relis2025, word résine · lang French · meaning cannabis resin; report term · sources relis2025