Haggai Ram reports a sultanic decree forbidding hashish use in 1725, citing Marinos Sariyannis. The original decree has not been inspected. Ram’s separate reference to provincial cultivation circulars cites an 1876 newspaper report and cannot establish their issue in 1725. Hashish consumption remained openly visible in nineteenth-century Ottoman Syria.[1]
Listed for context. No score change is recorded for Türkiye here.
References
- Intoxicating Zion: A Social History of Hashish in Mandatory Palestine and IsraelHaggai Ram · Stanford University Press · 2020 · Chapter 1, The Drug Trade in the Levant, Ottoman Syria section and notes 15–16; note 16 cites Pall Mall Gazette, 19 May 1876 · ISBN 9781503613928
Checked. The date and the event were compared with a source that was read.