Kosovo countries/xk.yaml
Unauthorised possession carries a fine and one to three years in prison under the [2019 Criminal Code](/history/kosovo-criminal-code-2019/), which kept prison possible even for first-time possession.[@code2019] For a first offence involving less than three grams of cannabis or hashish for personal use, the penalty is a fine or up to one year; the drugs are confiscated.[@code2019]
Growing cannabis to produce narcotic drugs carries one to ten years in prison, with confiscation of the plants and cultivation equipment.[@code2019] The drug law also prohibits growing plants from which narcotics can be obtained.[@code2019,l128]
The small-possession tier permits a fine for a first offence below three grams, with imprisonment also available.[@code2019] Police continue to investigate supply: in the [January 2025 Pristina seizure](/history/kosovo-operation-starti-2025/) they arrested four men after seizing 25.2 kg of suspected marijuana in Pristina.[@kp25]
Table I expressly includes cannabis, cannabis resin and cannabis extracts and tinctures. Activities involving them are restricted to scientific research, education and police purposes.[@l128]
l128
Cannabis is in Table I, whose exceptions cover scientific research, education and police work. The table expressly includes cannabis, resin, extracts and tinctures.[@l128] The law’s ordinary medical prescribing and licensed health-institution routes concern other tables, leaving patients without a cannabis prescribing route under this law.[@l128]
Road Traffic Law 08/L-186 article 232 prohibits driving under narcotic or other prohibited-drug influence. Article 234(3) establishesconfirms drugs in the body through appropriate equipment, medical examination or blood and urine analysis; no separate numerical THC allowance is specified.[@traffic2024] The drug provisions use this presence evidence rather than an alcohol concentration band. Article 232(3) sets a EUR150 fine, three months' driving prohibition and two negative points.[@traffic2024] Article 241 authorises police screening and referral for medical examination or blood and … t six months' driving prohibition and three points; the non-driver refusal tariff differs.[@traffic2024] Article 216 requires testing after serious accidents, with a doctor's exception where samples would harm health. No general prescription defence was verified.[@traffic2024] Kosovo Police's May 2026 statement confirms continued implementation of this 2024 law.[@trafficimplementation2026]
label First offence, under 3 g for personal use · treatment criminal · term Possession · prison 1 year · note Fine or up to one year; drugs confiscated, label Other unauthorised possession · treatment criminal · term Possession · prison min 1 year · prison 3 years · note Fine and one to three years
label Growing to produce narcotic drugs · treatment criminal · term Production · prison min 1 year · prison 10 years · note Plants and equipment confiscated
There is no legal recreational supply. Possessing cannabis for personal use is a criminal offence, including below three grams for a first-time offender, where the penalty is a fine or up to one year with confiscation.[@code2019] The [2019 code](/history/kosovo-criminal-code-2019/) deliberately kept prison possible for first-time possession.[@code2019]
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No hemp regime was found: cannabis in any form sits in Table I, restricted to scientific research, education and police purposes, with no THC threshold, licence, or fibre exemption located.[@l128]
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In the January 2025 Pristina operation police seized 25.2 kg of suspected marijuana and arrested four men, the largest recent seizure in the retained sources.[@kp25] No wider seizure series was found.
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Police arrested four men in Pristina in January 2025 after seizing 25.2 kg of suspected marijuana.[@kp25] No account of routine user-level arrests was found.
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