Changelog 27 October 2026, 15:12 a7893f1tree

Mexico 1846 first mariguana print; Panama article gains Jamaican origins

1 history entry added 1 article edited 2 files of code, design or docs +43 −2 lines

History changes.yaml

Added 1

The word mariguana first appears in print in Mexico 1846

Articles and atlas entries 1

panama-ban-1923 articles/panama-ban-1923.md

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On 20 January 1923 the US Army banned marijuana possession around the Panama Canal: Circu … 1916, and by 1922 the habit was prevalent enough to show up in delinquency cases.[@1] ## Jamaican hands brought it The plant most likely arrived with tens of thousands of Caribbean labourers — mostly Jamaicans — who came from the 1850s to work plantations, build railroads and dig the canal.[@4] Few were African natives or "Congo" descendants; most knew the plant as ganja, and the local name canyack may trace to ganja, with Costa Rica's 1970s canchac as a possible link in between.[@4] The one direct record dates to around 1905, when banana-plantation workers on the Atlantic slope grew cannabis for smoking.[@4] An echo persisted into the 1920s, when "colored people" valued cannabis tea as a therapeutic beverage — a Central African-rooted practice Jamaicans kept into the 1970s.[@4] ## A governor's committee investigated for eight months In March 1925 the Department Command … to legalise medical use, with the [2021 medical law](/history/panama-medical-2021/).[@2]

sources

The African Roots of Marijuana 3 unchanged

Code, design and documents 2 files

docs/BOOK-RESEARCH.md +2 −2

@@ -16,5 +16,5 @@ Generated from [books.yaml](books.yaml) and the local `books/` inventory. Refres
 | [Reefer Wellness: Understanding Cannabis Science, Culture, and Medicine](#kirk-reefer-wellness-2025) | verified | 0 / 8 | 0 | 8 | 0 | 0 | matches recorded hash |
 | [The Emperor Wears No Clothes](#herer-emperor-wears-no-clothes-undated) | verified | 1 / 16 | 1 | 14 | 1 | 0 | matches recorded hash |
-| [The African Roots of Marijuana](#duvall-african-roots-marijuana-2019) | verified | 4 / 10 | 3 | 3 | 53 | 4 | matches recorded hash |
+| [The African Roots of Marijuana](#duvall-african-roots-marijuana-2019) | verified | 4 / 10 | 3 | 3 | 55 | 4 | matches recorded hash |
 | [Cannabis: Evolution and Ethnobotany](#cannabis-evolution-and-ethnobotany) | awaiting_verification | not indexed | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | matches recorded hash |
 | [Commodifying Cannabis: A Cultural History of a Complex Plant in the Atlantic World](#commodifying-cannabis-a-cultural-history-of-a-complex-plant-in-the-atlantic-world) | verified | 0 / 9 | 2 | 7 | 0 | 0 | matches recorded hash |
@@ -269,5 +269,5 @@ Missing local books are expected on other checkouts. A changed hash requires edi
 | 5. A Convenient Crop | read | pp. 95–111; selected notes pp. 271–276 (notes 8–107) | culture/traditions/the-heddawa.md; culture/traditions/kif-and-the-sebsi.md; culture/language/chamba.md; changes.yaml#tanzania-nyamwezi-evening-smoking-1859 | Remaining notes not read. The 1921 resin-production reference concerns Algeria, not a verified Moroccan start date. Do not identify the men in figure 5.1 as Heddawa; use the separately attributed 1955 gallery. Treat origin legends and outsider judgments as such. |
 | 6. Society Overturned: The Bena Riamba | read | pp. 112–124; chapter notes 280–286 | culture/traditions/bena-riamba.md; culture/people/sangula-meta.md; articles/dr-congo-bena-riamba-1881.md; changes.yaml#dr-congo-bena-riamba-1881 | Primary accounts conflict about names, kinship and succession. Do not turn approximate reconstruction into precisely dated events. Notes 21 and 35 qualify translations and kinship. |
-| 7. Cannabis Crosses the Atlantic | selected_pages_read | pp. 125–139, 146–151; selected notes pp. 291–293 (notes 60–104) and p. 298 (notes 194–200) | culture/language/maconha.md; culture/language/diamba.md; articles/sierra-leone-cannabis-long-in-use-1851.md; changes.yaml#sierra-leone-cannabis-long-in-use-1851; articles/sierra-leone-dangerous-drugs-ordinance-1926.md; changes.yaml#sierra-leone-seamen-regional-trafficking-1938; changes.yaml#senegal-yamba-clinical-study-1962; changes.yaml#gambia-1859-tobacco-record-recaptives; changes.yaml#liberia-congo-recaptive-diamba-smoking-1890; changes.yaml#guinea-mandingo-dictionary-diamba-1891; changes.yaml#jamaica-first-drug-account-1862; changes.yaml#trinidad-venezuela-ganja-smuggling-1895; changes.yaml#nigeria-lagos-diamba-1861; articles/nigeria-wartime-introduction-asuni-1964.md | Ch. 7 pp. 140–159 read (completion pass); remaining notes unread. St Helena 1843 diamba recaptives passage logged as a future new-country lead (needs St Helena profile). Maconha is placed within a wider Bantu vocabulary with shifting botanical meanings. Rio 1830 penalties conflict with existing site account: verify original before revision. Clarke’s 1851 primary report pp. 9–11 separately read and checked. |
+| 7. Cannabis Crosses the Atlantic | selected_pages_read | pp. 125–139, 146–151; selected notes pp. 291–293 (notes 60–104) and p. 298 (notes 194–200) | culture/language/maconha.md; culture/language/diamba.md; articles/sierra-leone-cannabis-long-in-use-1851.md; changes.yaml#sierra-leone-cannabis-long-in-use-1851; articles/sierra-leone-dangerous-drugs-ordinance-1926.md; changes.yaml#sierra-leone-seamen-regional-trafficking-1938; changes.yaml#senegal-yamba-clinical-study-1962; changes.yaml#gambia-1859-tobacco-record-recaptives; changes.yaml#liberia-congo-recaptive-diamba-smoking-1890; changes.yaml#guinea-mandingo-dictionary-diamba-1891; changes.yaml#jamaica-first-drug-account-1862; changes.yaml#trinidad-venezuela-ganja-smuggling-1895; changes.yaml#nigeria-lagos-diamba-1861; articles/nigeria-wartime-introduction-asuni-1964.md; changes.yaml#mexico-mariguana-first-printed-1846; articles/panama-ban-1923.md | Ch. 7 pp. 140–159 read (completion pass); remaining notes unread. St Helena 1843 diamba recaptives passage logged as a future new-country lead (needs St Helena profile). Maconha is placed within a wider Bantu vocabulary with shifting botanical meanings. Rio 1830 penalties conflict with existing site account: verify original before revision. Clarke’s 1851 primary report pp. 9–11 separately read and checked. |
 | 8. Working under the Influence | indexed_only | — | — | — |
 | 9. Buying and Banning | selected_pages_read | pp. note 95 (p. 319) and the Tunisian passage it annotates; pp. 192–195 (Maghreb monopolies); AEF passage pp. 198–200 with notes 135–137 and ch. 9 note 23 (29 August 1926 decree, JORF 58(207):10017) | changes.yaml#chad-french-equatorial-africa-1926; changes.yaml#central-african-republic-french-equatorial-africa-1926; changes.yaml#congo-french-equatorial-africa-1926; changes.yaml#gabon-french-equatorial-africa-1926; articles/chad-french-equatorial-africa-1926.md; changes.yaml#malta-hashish-to-tunisia-1895; culture/language/qanneb.md; changes.yaml#morocco-hassan-kif-ban-1888; changes.yaml#morocco-monopolies-restored-1896; changes.yaml#morocco-kif-state-farm-1914; changes.yaml#morocco-hashish-import-ban-1922; changes.yaml#tunisia-cultivation-ban-1875; changes.yaml#tunisia-takrouri-monopoly-1890; articles/morocco-kif-ban-1956.md; articles/tunisia-takrouri-ban-1953.md; articles/morocco-hassan-kif-ban-1888.md; articles/morocco-monopolies-restored-1896.md | — |

docs/books.yaml +2 −0

@@ -1426,4 +1426,6 @@ books:
           - changes.yaml#nigeria-lagos-diamba-1861
           - articles/nigeria-wartime-introduction-asuni-1964.md
+          - changes.yaml#mexico-mariguana-first-printed-1846
+          - articles/panama-ban-1923.md
         follow_up: >-
           Ch. 7 pp. 140–159 read (completion pass); remaining notes unread. St Helena 1843 diamba