The cited Philipp/Schabler pages support a Shishakli-era (1949-1954) Jabal enforcement story, not a 1943 Quwatli ban: new unscored 1949 enforcement entry (Atrash revenues, U.S. reports of consistent enforcement, Salah on border control) and the 1943 entry's 'weak for decades' corrected to weak-until-Shishakli with per-sentence citations. The 1943 Quwatli attribution stays single-source, flagged in the research note.
President Shukri al-Quwatli's government prohibited cannabis cultivation.[@1] Enforcement wasstayed weak for decades, especially in the Druze regionsmountains until Shishakli's forced administration of the Jabal at the turn of the 1950s.[@2]
sources
Shishakli and the Druzes: Integration and Intransigence
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+# Syria 1943/1949: Quwatli attribution not verified; Shishakli enforcement added
+
+Research checked on 27 October 2026. Read `DATA-MAINTENANCE.md`, the Syria
+timeline and the 1943/1993 entries, the Landis chapter passages (via Google
+Books volume text search), and the Wikipedia Syria History section (used as
+the lead). No scores changed; one unscored entry added.
+
+## What changed
+
+- New `syria-jabal-hashish-enforcement-1949` (enforcement, unscored):
+ Shishakli's forced administration of the Jabal, Atrash revenue loss, U.S.
+ reports of consistent enforcement and curtailed Jordan smuggling, Salah
+ al-Shishakli on border control. Unscored: within the 1943 ban's scored
+ state, no national segment movement.
+- `syria-cultivation-ban-1943`: converted to per-sentence citations; second
+ sentence corrected from "weak for decades" to weak-until-Shishakli, with
+ the Landis chapter as second source. The Quwatli attribution itself stays
+ Wikipedia-sourced: the chapter never names Quwatli (zero hits), so the
+ 1943 dating is still single-source and flagged as such here.
+
+## Key finding
+
+The cited pages (382-383) support a Shishakli-era (1949-1954) enforcement
+story, not a 1943 Quwatli ban. The chapter is Landis's "Shishakli and the
+Druzes"; "Quwatli", "cannabis", "hemp", "cultivation" and "prohibit" return
+zero hits volume-wide, while "hashish" clusters on pp. 382-383 and 393.
+Anyone re-verifying the 1943 date needs a different source; the U.S. reports
+in footnote 42 are a possible next lead.
+
+## Validation and tree note
+
+- Chain `sy`, `history:test`, `answers:test`, production build and the
+ rendered Syria history page to be run before commit.
+- Commit stages only the two `changes.yaml` hunks plus this note, via patch
+ filtering without stashing. Foreign work in the shared tree stays untouched.