Cannabis Freedom Index

Changelog f3eed31

cyprus updates

7 history entries added3 history entries edited1 history entry removed1 score changed8 articles written2 files of code, design or docs +1,360 −111 lines

Score changes 1 place

  1. Cyprus106−4cultivation 1 → 0sharing 1 → 0consumption 1 → 0

History changes.yaml

Added 7

Edited 3

Cyprus creates licences for medical cannabis farms and pharmacy supply

date

2019-0203-06

title

Cyprus widenscreates licences for medical cannabis farms and pharmacy supply

description

A new law extendedNew regulations created a licensed route for growing, processing and supplying medical cannabis beyond advanced cancer to a list of chronic conditions, with an initial opening for three producers. They also set pharmacy-preparation and providedprescription rules, including separate approval for licensed growerspatients under eighteen. The framework followed the earlier cannabis-oil route for cancer patients; imported oils were documented reaching the government in March 2021.

before

possession 1 · cultivation 1 · enforcement 1 · sharing 1 · consumption 1 · access 0

sources

Cyprus Health Ministry — original medical-cannabis regulations, 6 March 2019 Cyprus — original drug-law amendment, gazette 1 March 2019 Cyprus Health Ministry press officer Margarita Kyriakou — explanation of cannabis-oil access, 23 July 2017 Jerusalem Post — Panaxia announces first delivery to Cyprus, 26 March 2021 Wikipedia — Cannabis in Cyprus

tags

patients, trade

unscored

A broader production and prescribing framework; the existing difficult medical-access route remains within the same access band.

related

cyprus-medical-oil-2017, cyprus-imported-medical-oils-2021

Cyprus offers cannabis oil to patients with advanced cancer

title

Cyprus allowsoffers cannabis oil for cancerto patients with advanced cancer

description

The health ministry authorisedHealth Minister George Pamboridis announced access to cannabis oil for patients with advanced cancer whose other treatments had failed. Patients had to apply to the ministry; the later official explanation required an individual ministerial approval and a doctor’s prescription before collection from a designated chemist. The programme depended on imported products, while wider production rules followed in 2019.

sources

TalkingDrugs — Cyprus set to provide cannabis oil to cancer patients, 1 February 2017 Cyprus Health Ministry press officer Margarita Kyriakou — explanation of cannabis-oil access, 23 July 2017 Cyprus Health Ministry — original medical-cannabis regulations, 6 March 2019 Wikipedia — Cannabis in Cyprus

tags

patients

before

possession 1 · cultivation 0 · enforcement 1 · sharing 0 · consumption 0 · access 0

related

cyprus-medical-expanded-2019, cyprus-imported-medical-oils-2021

Cyprus adopts a new law covering drug possession, growing and supply

title

Cyprus passes its Narcotic Drugsadopts a new law covering drug possession, growing and Psychotropic Substances Actsupply

description

The Act, stillCyprus published a new national drug law in forceJune 1977, put cannabis in Class Bprohibiting unauthorised possession, with penalties of up to eight years in prisoncultivation and supply while allowing regulated exceptions. It replaced the 1967 legislation and organised controlled drugs into classes. Later amendments introduced special sentencing limits for possessionyoung first offenders and presumptions of supply based on quantities.

sources

Cyprus — original Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Law, 1977 gazette Cyprus — Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Law, consolidated text, CyLaw Cyprus — original drug-law amendment of 20 March 1992 Cyprus — original drug-law amendment, gazette 18 July 2003 Wikipedia — Cannabis in Cyprus

tags

sentencing, home-growing

related

cyprus-young-first-offenders-1992, cyprus-personal-supply-thresholds-2003

Removed 1

Countries and states 1 file

Cyprus countries/cy.yaml

cultivation 1 → 0sharing 1 → 0consumption 1 → 0

summary

Strict penalties on paper (up to eight years forCannabis possession), with leniency for young and home growing remain crimes. Young first offenders. Medical cannabis is permitted have a two-year prison cap for personal-use offences; medical oil has a limited list of conditionsrestricted approval-and-prescription route, alongside licensed hemp and medical-production laws.

segments › possession › text

Cannabis is a Class B drug, and. Unauthorised personal possession carries up to eight years in prison — one of, a fine, or both. The prison sentence for use, possession or transport for personal use cannot exceed two years if the highest maximums inoffender was under twenty-five at the EUtime and has no previous conviction under the drug law or regulations. Holding 30 gThirty grams or more creates a rebuttable presumption of intent to supply intent. First-time offenders under 25 with small amounts can be handled with a reduced fine and counselling.

segments › possession › sources

wikicode, lcthresholds03

segments › cultivation › text

Unauthorised growing or planting is a separate offence carrying up to life imprisonment, a fine, or both. Three or more plants are presumed to be forcreate a rebuttable presumption of supply intent; fewer are treated as personal possession, still a crimeplants remain subject to the cultivation offence. Licensed industrial hemp and medical production have separate rules.

segments › cultivation › sources

lccode, wikihemp, medical19

segments › enforcement › text

Courts regularly hand downThe statute allows prison sentencesor a fine for personal possession and requires courts to consider age, exclusive personal use, dependence, cooperation and multiwillingness to undergo treatment when sentencing. Young first offenders have a two-year termsprison cap for larger amountspersonal-use offences. Cultivation and supply carry much higher statutory maxima.

segments › enforcement › sources

cm1code, cm2thresholds03

segments › sharing › text

Supply carries very long sentencesSupplying, offering, distributing or handing over cannabis on any terms is an offence; the law gives no general adult gifting allowance. The Class B supply offence carries up to life imprisonment, a fine, or both.

segments › sharing › sources

wiki, cm2code

segments › consumption › text

UseSmoking, taking or using cannabis is an offence, with up to life onimprisonment, a fine, or both in the statute book but treatmentgeneral penalty table. The two-oriented handling foryear prison ceiling applies to qualifying young first offenders convicted of personal-use offences. Authorised medical use falls under separate rules.

segments › consumption › sources

wikicode, medical19

segments › access › text

No adult-use sourceThere is no legal recreational supply. AThe 2019 law legalisedregulations establish licensed medical cannabisproduction and prescription pharmacy preparations, with pharmacy dispensing on specialist prescriptionseparate approval for minors. Panaxia announced a government purchase and delivery of imported medical oils in 2021.

segments › access › sources

lcdelivery21, wikimedical19

context › production › text

The 2019 law allows a small number ofmedical regulations provide an initial three-producer licensing process, with controls over premises, staff, testing, records and trade. They protect that initial group against additional licences for up to cultivate, importfifteen years. Industrial hemp has separate producer/supplier licences and export medical cannabisregistered premises; its agricultural definition now refers to the EU’s 0.3% standard.

context › production › sources

lcmedical19, hemp, hemp24, euhemp

context › products › text

PrescriptionMedical products include the two cannabis-oil concentrations selected in the government’s 2021 Panaxia agreement. The medical regulations also cover pharmacy-prepared cannabis and lowmedicines. The industrial-THC CBD productshemp law expressly leaves derivatives such as seed oil, flour, foods and drinks outside its scope, so its crop definition does not itself authorise every finished product.

context › products › sources

lcorder21, medical19, hemp

context › medical › text

Legal sinceThe 2017 official explanation required individual ministerial approval and a doctor’s prescription for cannabis oil. The 2019 regulations provide for listed conditions such as chronic pain and cancer-related symptomsdoctors to prescribe cannabis pharmacy preparations to adults where appropriate, prescribed by specialistswith separate justified applications for patients under eighteen; rollout has been slowsmoking is excluded as a prescribed route. Imported oil supply was documented in March 2021.

context › medical › sources

lcministry17, wikimedical19, delivery21

context › consequences › text

A conviction is aPossession, growing, supply and use remain criminal record; foreigners face deportationoffences. Courts may consider youth, exclusive personal use, dependence, remorse and willingness to undergo treatment when sentencing. The drug law also gives a convicting court power to disqualify a person from holding or obtaining a driving licence.

context › consequences › sources

cm1code

context › planting › seeds trade

bannedregulated

context › planting › text

The narcotics law's definition ofSupplying cannabis covers the flowering tops, leaves and stalk, not the seeds. Section 7A makes it an offence, with up while knowing the recipient plans to eight years in prison, to supply or sell cannabis seeds to someone you know intends to grow illegally, or to import cannabis seeds. Growing, planting or importing any cannabis plant is an offence under section 7; the seed-import restriction was added in 2019. Licensed industrial-hemp under the 2016production and seed supply have an express statutory exception. The hemp-production definition refers to the EU’s 0.3% threshold, while the narcotics law is exempt’s reproduced hemp definition still states 0.2%. Ordinary cannabis planting remains prohibited.

context › planting › sources

l29code, seeds00, amendment19, exemption16, hemp24, hemp

context › clubs › text

No clubs are known. A Europe-wide survey of cannabis social clubs carried out in 2018Collective recreational growing and 2019 found, after online searches and contact with people insupply fall under the field, that there did not seem to be any activeprohibitions on cannabis cultivation and supply. Volt’s 2025 policy proposes club in Cypruslicences as part of a wider regulated market. The model is prohibited throughout the European Union. Nothing more recent was found.

context › clubs › sources

pardal20code, volt

context › visitors › text

There is no legal recreational supply for anyone. CannabisPersonal possession is a Class B drug and possessing it for personal use carriescriminal offence carrying up to eight years in prison; courts regularly hand down prison sentences, a fine, or both, with the statutory two-year ceiling for possessionqualifying young first offenders.

context › visitors › sources

lc, wiki, cm1code

sources

Cyprus — Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Law, consolidated text, CyLaw Cyprus — original cannabis-seed amendment, gazette 21 January 2000 Cyprus — original drug-law amendment, gazette 18 July 2003 Cyprus — original industrial-hemp exemption from narcotics law, 25 April 2016 Cyprus — Industrial Hemp Production and Trade Law, consolidated through 2024, CyLaw Cyprus Health Ministry press officer Margarita Kyriakou — explanation of cannabis-oil access, 23 July 2017 Cyprus — original drug-law amendment, gazette 1 March 2019 Cyprus Health Ministry — original medical-cannabis regulations, 6 March 2019 Panaxia — Cyprus government selects medical-cannabis oils, company announcement 3 February 2021 Jerusalem Post — Panaxia announces first delivery to Cyprus, 26 March 2021 Cyprus — original industrial-hemp amendment, gazette 16 February 2024 European Commission — hemp cultivation, trade and agricultural support Volt Cyprus — policy for decriminalisation and legal regulation of cannabis Pardal, Decorte, Bone, Parés & Johansson — Mapping Cannabis Social Clubs in Europe, European Journal of Criminology (2020, PDF) Ο περί Ναρκωτικών Φαρμάκων και Ψυχοτρόπων Ουσιών Νόμος του 1977 (29/1977), consolidated text (CyLaw) Wikipedia — Cannabis in Cyprus Cyprus Mail — Jail terms for cannabis possession (2021) Cyprus Mail — Two men sentenced to eight and nine years for drug possession (2024) LegalClarity — Is weed legal in Cyprus? 3 unchanged

Articles and atlas entries 8

Code, design and documents 2 files

docs/research/history-cyprus-gap-2026-10-23.md +136 −0
@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+# Cyprus history expansion, 23 October 2026
+
+The previous country-coverage goal turn made verified progress on Belarus. This batch
+continues the same open goal. A fresh worktree and backlog inspection found Cyprus among
+the largest countries-by-entry-count with no articles: nine events, zero articles.
+
+Cyprus now has fifteen events and eight articles. Project totals are **2,855 events and
+730 articles**, against 2,849 and 722 at the start of this batch.
+
+## Editorial and data changes
+
+Re-read `docs/WRITING.md` and the current category instructions in
+`docs/DATA-MAINTENANCE.md`. All ten added or revised events have country-first titles under
+eighty characters and checked tags from the existing vocabulary. The eight articles have
+unheaded openings, four sections each, and 385–406 words after editorial revision.
+
+New events cover:
+
+- **20 March 1992:** the special one-year prison ceiling and summary procedure for qualifying
+  young first-time personal users. The broader amendment also changed drug controls; the
+  event concerns this particular sentencing protection.
+- **21 January 2000:** seed supply, offers and sales where the supplier knows the recipient
+  intends illegal cultivation. Category `hemp`, following the seed-rule category instructions.
+- **18 July 2003:** rebuttable supply presumptions at thirty grams or three plants, and the
+  replacement of the young-person ceiling with two years for eligible under-25s.
+- **25 April 2016:** licensed industrial-hemp production/trade and the companion narcotics
+  exemption, initially at no more than 0.2% THC.
+- **25 March 2021:** Panaxia’s announced delivery under a government medical-oil order.
+- **16 February 2024:** publication of the agricultural hemp-definition amendment, referring
+  to the EU’s 0.3% standard and expressly deemed effective from 7 December 2021.
+- **27 October 2025:** Volt’s adult-market proposal, filed under `debate`, not legalisation.
+
+Revised the existing 1977 law, January 2017 oil-access announcement and 2019 medical
+framework entries. The latter now uses the regulations’ 6 March publication date and the
+substance of the actual text, rather than an unsourced list of qualifying conditions.
+
+Removed **`cyprus-medical-sales-2022`**. Its sole Wikipedia source describes **HHC retail
+sales** in late 2022, not the start of medical-cannabis sales. No article, related-entry or
+source-code link referenced that ID. The independently sourced 2021 supply event has its
+own accurate ID. The source did not justify simply changing the old medical-sales claim
+to a different medical milestone in December 2022.
+
+## Sources and what was actually checked
+
+Primary PDFs, extracted text, selected rendered pages, original snapshots, source metadata
+and the verifier are retained under `tmp/history-cyprus-gap-2026-10-23/`. HTML in CyLaw is
+Windows-1253; the first UTF-8 extraction was corrected from the saved original bytes.
+
+| Source | Evidence used |
+| --- | --- |
+| CyLaw consolidated 1977 drug law | Sections 2, 5–8, 10, 30, 30A and penalty table: possession, supply, growing, use, young-person ceiling and presumptions. |
+| Original 1977 gazette | Publication on 10 June, later-appointed commencement under section 38, and replacement of the 1967 law under section 39. The event retains year precision and says published/adopted, not that every clause operated on publication. |
+| Original 1992 amendment | Section 13 inserts the one-year protection for a person no older than twenty-five with no previous drug-law conviction and exclusively personal-use offending. |
+| Original 2000 amendment | New section 7A; knowledge requirement, covered seed transactions, eight-year/CYP 1,500 alternatives and regulatory exceptions. The fine is historical currency, not a converted current euro figure. |
+| Original 2003 amendment | Replacement of the age/sentencing proviso and new section 30A, including the quantity table and ability to rebut supply intent in court. |
+| Original 2016 laws and current hemp consolidation | Licensing, premises registration, seed and storage conditions, derivative exclusions, five-year licence cycle, and narcotics-law hemp exception. |
+| Original March 2019 amendment and Ministry regulations | Licensing powers and medical system. Relevant pages were extracted and selected pages visually checked because the PDF’s Greek font map corrupts text extraction. |
+| Original 2024 amendment | Both pages read; second page visually checked for the EU reference and retrospective clause. |
+| European Commission hemp explanation | Current agricultural percentage, seed and import requirements. EUR-Lex presented a robot challenge; no challenge was bypassed or unavailable regulation text claimed as read. |
+
+For the medical regulations, visually inspected printed pages 378, 381, 385, 387, 389 and
+414: definitions/exceptions, regulator responsibilities, three-producer opening and
+fifteen-year protection, application and inspection requirements, and prescribing. Adult
+pharmacy preparations are prescribed at the doctor’s judgment; under-eighteens require a
+separate justified application. Smoking is excluded. The text does not establish that
+three growers were already licensed or producing in 2019.
+
+For the 2017 announcement, read the dated TalkingDrugs report and the signed July
+explanation by Health Ministry press officer Margarita Kyriakou, published in Cyprus Mail.
+The first concerns an announced programme; the second explains individual authorisation.
+Earlier exceptional permissions may have existed: the batch does not claim to identify the
+first individual medical exemption ever granted.
+
+Read Panaxia’s own 3 February 2021 announcement through PRNewswire and the full Jerusalem
+Post delivery report of 26 March, referring to the preceding Thursday. The event identifies
+**Panaxia’s** first delivery; it does not establish Cyprus’s first-ever cannabis import,
+patient numbers or universal pharmacy availability. Corporate quality and implementation
+claims are attributed to the company. The report of implementation status describes 2021,
+not an independent audit of domestic production in 2026.
+
+Read Volt’s own policy and the dated Politis account. Party claims about health, crime and
+economic benefits remain attributed; their presence in a proposal does not prove outcomes.
+
+## Current profile and historical scores
+
+The profile now distinguishes possession from growing and supply, states the actual
+two-year under-25 ceiling, and explains that quantities below the supply thresholds do
+not automatically turn cultivation into personal possession. Removed unsupported claims
+about routine imprisonment, automatic deportation, a fixed medical-condition list, and an
+EU-wide prohibition on clubs. Independent driving, offence-count and seizure blocks were
+preserved **verbatim**, with their original sources.
+
+The seed-trade status changes from `banned` to `regulated` to reflect the express licensed
+hemp route. Other planting and club/visitor statuses stay as before. Recreational and medical
+classifications remain `illegal` and `limited`.
+
+Corrected the three generic one-point scores for cultivation, sharing and consumption to
+zero, following the separate life-maximum cultivation offence, broad supply wording and
+express consumption crime. These are baseline calibration corrections, not newly invented
+changes in 2019. Possession, current enforcement and medical access retain their former scores.
+Current imprisonment frequency was not established from possession-only sentencing data;
+the profile no longer claims routine imprisonment from larger-supply news cases.
+
+The new 1992 and 2003 scored events represent the one-year protection and subsequent
+two-year replacement in enforcement. Move the existing first medical-access point from
+2019 to the announced 2017 patient route. The production regulations and 2021 delivery stay
+in the same difficult-access band, with explicit unscored explanations.
+
+Rounded chain: **1925 100→5; 1992 5→7; 2003 7→5; 2017 5→6**. The 1925 entry and its source
+remain unchanged; the original colonial ban’s exact scope still needs primary verification.
+Its post-event score remains a broad inherited baseline, not a newly verified measurement
+of practice in 1925. No claim of complete Cyprus coverage is made.
+
+The agricultural and drug-law hemp definitions have different reproduced wording: the
+amended production law refers to the EU threshold; the narcotics consolidation still says
+0.2%, while making relevant restrictions subject to the hemp law. The article/profile state
+that distinction. A crop percentage was not treated as blanket authorisation for CBD foods,
+oils, flowers or other finished retail products.
+
+## Verification
+
+`verify.mjs` checks the seven additions, three revisions and one explicit removal against
+the initial snapshots. Every other event is deeply unchanged. It checks dates, categories,
+tags, source references, score records, article structure/length, internal links and
+preservation of independent profile data. Initial checks and the Cyprus chain check pass.
+
+One production build passed: **3,609 pages in 41.60 seconds**. Generated checks passed for
+the Cyprus page, ten tagged events, eight article bodies and citations, headings, internal
+links, tag pages, JSON export, three scored steps and removal of the false 2022 page.
+The Cyprus chain checker flags no discontinuities.
+
+Deleted `tmp/history-cyprus-gap-2026-10-23/site` after verification. The final temporary-build
+audit found no remaining site/build output directories or generated history indexes under
+`tmp`. Source downloads, extraction/rendering material and the build log remain for research.
+No staging, commits, package installation or source-archive edits were performed by this
+batch; concurrent staging and archive updates were observed and preserved.

source-archive.json +155 −3

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