Cannabis Freedom Index

Changelog 6435a08

history: record Nicaragua 1999 penalty-comparison blockers

Leybook 1964 text and UN translation E/NL.1973/55 read (grado penalties, same law in force 1973). Still needed: the era's grado-to-years scale and the Law 285 text (OAS PDF dead, MiNDbank blocked). No entry changes; scoring without them would be fabrication.

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+# Nicaragua 1999: penalty comparison still blocked on two texts
+
+Research checked on 27 October 2026. Read `DATA-MAINTENANCE.md`, the
+Nicaragua timeline (1964, 1999, 2010) and the ni profile scores, the Leybook
+page for Law 1034 (full text read), and the UN-filed English translation
+E/NL.1973/55 (read). No entries, scores or profiles changed: scoring 1999
+without the two missing pieces would be fabrication.
+
+## What was established
+
+- Law 1034 (18 Nov 1964, La Gaceta No. 286): Art. 1 punishes
+  introducing/transporting/growing/keeping/distributing marihuana or any
+  Cannabis species without authorisation as a crime against public security
+  with "prisión en quinto grado"; Art. 4 gives "prisión en tercer grado"
+  for being found with the drugs in cigarettes or any form; Art. 5 gives
+  60-180 days non-commutable arrest for being under the effects or proven
+  addiction (served apart, with medical treatment). Full text confirmed on
+  Leybook and in the UN translation.
+- E/NL.1973/55 (Ministry of Public Health communication, filed 1973,
+  published May 1974) is the same 1964 law, still in force in 1973. No
+  separate 1970s cannabis statute surfaced.
+
+## What is still missing for the 1964/1999/2010 comparison
+
+1. The grado-to-years scale of the era's penal code (what quinto/tercer
+   grado meant in years). Without it, 1964 severity cannot be compared to
+   1999's stated 5-25 years.
+2. The text of Law 285 (1999, reforming Law 177): the OAS MLA PDF
+   (Nica_ajm_leg_esp_1.pdf) is dead (redirect loop), WHO MiNDbank item 2852
+   serves no file to unauthenticated fetch, and Leybook search does not
+   surface it. The drugs-law blog already cited is criminal theory, not a
+   penalty history.
+
+## Next leads (not yet tried)
+
+- La Gaceta digital archive / Asamblea Nacional digesto for Law 285 and
+  Law 177; the OAS MLA country page via browser rather than fetch; the
+  1974 Nicaraguan penal code's penalty scale for the grado mapping.

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