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+# Research pass: Afghanistan 1973 article, entry corrected to two-regime framing
+
+Research checked on 26 October 2026. The 1973 tightening entry now rests on
+two declassified US embassy cables and two FRUS documents actually read,
+plus the AAN retrospective, and correctly attributes the year's prohibition
+moves to both regimes split by the 17 July coup; a new properly sourced
+article tells the story. No scores, profiles or timelines changed.
+
+## What was verified (all sources actually read)
+
+### 1973 cables (PlusD, declassified systematic review 30 June 2005)
+
+- 1973KABUL01672 (12 March 1973, periodic report no. 2): 15 press-reported
+ drug arrests, nearly all hashish (plus morphine, 6 kg opium, liquid
+ hashish, morphine HCl, and an Indian national caught with 100,000 morphine
+ tablets); 9 court decisions, all hashish — one Afghan fined 30,000
+ afghanis with four months jail, foreigners (3 Americans, 2 Austrians,
+ 2 French, 2 Italians, 1 Canadian, 1 English) fined 2,000–55,000 afghanis
+ with no prison beyond time served. Diplomatic focus on the UN/FAO report
+ due end of March and a revised three-year anti-narcotics programme.
+- 1973KABUL06500 (5 September 1973): after the 17 July coup made Mohammad
+ Daoud president and prime minister, Daoud's 23 August independence-day
+ speech called for "UPROOTING OF HASHISH AND OPIUM" and a smuggling
+ campaign; deputy foreign minister Wahid Abdullah repeated the commitment
+ on 28 August; the embassy re-evaluated and redirected its whole narcotics
+ action programme; enforcement led by the Interior Ministry (being purged
+ and reorganised), Justice Ministry role undefined.
+- FRUS d350 (13 October 1971, paras 5–6): hippie overstayers; Shafiq —
+ hashish and opium cultivation prohibited under Islamic law but not always
+ enforced; foreign tourist demand; remote mountains; full cooperation
+ pledge. (Already cited on the entry; re-read.)
+- FRUS d355 (12 February 1972, telegram 884): embassy's deliberate campaign
+ to bring the narcotics problem home to Afghan officials through foreign
+ press coverage; Afghans unusually sensitive to foreign press; hippie
+ influx; alarming US/UK headlines listed. (New source.)
+
+### AAN retrospective (re-read for the exact 1973 claims)
+
+- Bjelica & Foschini (2019): "In 1973, Afghanistan's King Zahir Shah
+ outlawed cannabis production, following it up with a genuine commitment
+ to eradication — backed by 47 million USD in funding from the United
+ States government"; hippie-era commercial export boom to Europe and North
+ America with Pakistan and Lebanon; Lonely Planet 1973 Islam Qala anecdote;
+ the king's valet 40 kg hashish-oil smuggling cable. The $47M figure is
+ the history's, reported as such.
+
+### Entry and article
+
+- Entry `afghanistan-ban-1973` rewritten: Zahir Shah outlawing +
+ eradication funding, then Daoud's post-coup renewal (23 August speech,
+ 28 August statement, Interior Ministry lead), then the 1971 admission and
+ spring 1973 verdicts as pressure context. Date stays 1973 (the original
+ order's date unrecovered); category and scores untouched.
+- New `articles/afghanistan-ban-1973.md` (403 words, 4 sections, all 5
+ sources cited; links to the 1972 crackdown and press-campaign entries,
+ the 1997 and 2023 Taliban bans, and /country/af/). The 1972 arrest
+ totals (72→221→584) from the Bradford chapter were not restated — that
+ chapter was not read; the entry link carries them.
+
+Claim boundaries: the "outlawed production" act is dated only to 1973
+(pre-coup by deduction, stated plainly as "that year"); the $47M is
+attributed to the retrospective account; the king's valet episode is the
+AAN's telling, cited as such; no possession/use coverage inferred from the
+uprooting call.
+
+## Dead ends recorded, not forced
+
+- The text/date of Zahir Shah's 1973 production ban: not in the March cable
+ (enforcement snapshot only) and not recovered elsewhere; AAN's locator
+ already noted this. Gallica remains 403 for the Madagascar JO check
+ (different lane, no edits made there).
+- WikiLeaks PlusD search works via the in-app fetch; cable pages fetch
+ cleanly with curl.
+
+## Verification and files
+
+- `node -e` YAML load of changes.yaml clean (run before build).
+- `npm run build`, `npm run history:test`, `npm run answers:test` all green;
+ rendered `/history/afghanistan-ban-1973/` citation marks checked.
+- Commit limited to own work: the 1973 hunk in changes.yaml, the new
+ article, this note. `source-archive.json` (concurrent writer) excluded.